Then, sunlight split the water molecules, letting
hydrogen escape into space.
But Catling's team proposes instead that
the hydrogen escaped into space through a process called methane photolysis, in which the hydrogen - containing methane reacts with oxygen such that hydrogen atoms are freed.
As the water boiled away,
the hydrogen escaped into interstellar space while the oxygen came back down and bonded with carbon atoms.
Not exact matches
For instance, if the earth were slightly larger,
hydrogen, a light gas, could not
escape into the atmosphere at its prescribed rate (due to an increase in the earth's gravitational field), and over time would build up and cause life to cease.
This environment would have limited black holes from growing very big as molecular
hydrogen turned gas
into stars far enough away to
escape the black holes» gravitational pull.
The free
hydrogen easily
escapes into space, Dan Garisto reported in «Massive dust storms are robbing Mars of its water» (SN: 2/17/18, p. 8).
Oxygen will be left in the stratosphere — perhaps misleading aliens
into thinking the planet is still inhabited — while the
hydrogen is light enough to
escape into space.
With too much UV light, no water could persist on the surface because its molecules would break down
into hydrogen and oxygen gas and
escape through the atmosphere.
However, when water molecules are broken by the stellar radiation
into hydrogen and oxygen, the relatively light
hydrogen atoms can
escape the planet.
The preferential
escape of lighter
hydrogen over time would then lead to a skewed ratio of H2O to HDO on Mars, indicative of how much water has
escaped into space.
When water molecules rise
into the upper atmosphere, sunlight breaks the water
into hydrogen ions which are fast and
escape easily, and heavier oxygen ions which are carried away by the electric field.
When water molecules rise high in an atmosphere, ultraviolet radiation split the water molecules
into its component gases, oxygen and
hydrogen, and the lighter
hydrogen molecules
escape into space.