Thijs Ettema at Uppsala University, Sweden, and his team discovered the new organisms when they analysed DNA extracted from underwater sediment near Loki's Castle, a region of
hydrothermal vents along the Arctic mid-ocean ridge (Nature, DOI: 10.1038 / nature14447).
To study the movement of vent products, the researchers set up sediment traps and current meters near
the hydrothermal vents along the East Pacific Rise, an ocean ridge located about 800 kilometers off the southern coast of Mexico and a mile and a half below sea level.
Not exact matches
Image of a
hydrothermal vent field
along the Arctic Mid-Ocean Ridge, close to where «Loki» was found in marine sediments.
In 2012, scientists from the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI) used undersea robots to discover a new
hydrothermal vent field
along the Alarcón Rise at the southern end of the Gulf of California.
The second spot was Axial Seamount, an active underwater volcano,
along with its associated
hydrothermal vents, where the team could study the transfer of minerals from beneath the seafloor into the water and access hardy microbes that thrive in the
vent fluids, which can reach 250 degrees Fahrenheit.
The network spans the Juan de Fuca plate, which sits between the Pacific and the North American plates and hosts earthquakes and tsunamis, giant clams and whale pods,
along with
hydrothermal vents and frozen methane deposits.
Grassle's work ultimately revealed that a diverse community of organisms thrives
along deep - sea
hydrothermal vents, feasting on organic matter produced by sulfur - oxidizing bacteria instead of photosynthesis.
Moreover, Wright has traveled the world to examine fissures
along mid-ocean ridges, hoping to unravel the mysteries of
hydrothermal vents and underwater volcanic eruptions.
In a field study, Diane Adams, a marine biologist at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution in Massachusetts, and her colleagues measured the currents near the seafloor
along the East Pacific Rise, a submarine ridge south - southwest of Acapulco, Mexico, that sports many
hydrothermal vent systems.
A research team — Carnegie's Sergey Lobanov and Alexander Goncharov,
along with Konstantin Litasov of the Russian Academy of Science and Novosibirsk State University in Russia — focused on the high - pressure chemistry of a carbonate mineral called siderite, which is an iron carbonate, FeCO3, commonly found in
hydrothermal vents.
Image of a
hydrothermal vent field
along the Arctic Mid-Ocean Ridge, close to where «Loki,» a member of the Asgard group, was found in marine sediments.
You will recall that
hydrothermal vents are plumes of hot water that spew from rocks and cracks
along the ocean floor, especially in regions of sea - floor spreading, such as oceanic ridges and rift valleys.
New investigations by a team of ten scuba divers during the multinational (France, Zaire, Germany, and Burundi) TANGANYDRO expedition (August - October 1991) found
hydrothermal vents down to a depth of 46 m
along north - trending active faults bounding the Tanganyika rift on the western side.
Weather conditions have constrained the discovery of
hydrothermal vents at high latitudes, although there is evidence from water column plumes that
vents occur in the Arctic
along the Gakkel Ridge [10], the Mohn Ridge, [11] and the Arctic Mid-Ocean Ridge [12], and in the Southern Ocean, in Antarctica,
along the East Scotia Ridge (ESR), in the Scotia Sea [13], in the Bransfield Strait, west of the northern Antarctic Peninsula [14], [15], and
along the Pacific - Antarctic Ridge [16].