Sentences with word «hypermutation»
Hypermutation refers to a process where genes or DNA undergo extreme and rapid changes or mutations. It is like a super fast and intense version of regular mutation. Full definition
(D) The average number of somatic hypermutations in the pandemic H1N1 patient plasmablast variable region genes compared with primary IgG plasmablast responses to vaccinia (small pox) or the anthrax vaccine, or after at least 4 boosters with the anthrax vaccine.
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Recent studies in mice suggested that antibodies produced by old individuals may be encoded by distinct immunoglobulin (Ig) genes and that the somatic hypermutation process in these individuals is compromised.
Another research group [16] used hypermutation in a similar way in Ramos cells to evolve mRFP1.2 (excitation / emission peaks of 590/612 nm) to mPlum (590/649 nm) and mRaspberry (598/625 nm).
«We now understand the mechanism for how 5 - aza - C blocks HIV's infectivity through hypermutation.
In germinal centers — the sites within lymph nodes where mature B cells cluster — B cells proliferate and undergo hypermutation of their antibody genes to generate high - affinity antibodies.
The short size of the locus was ideal for 454 sequencing, and because single - molecule reads are generated, the authors were able to identify haplotypes of somatic hypermutations carried by individual leukemic cells.
AID expression in the DT40 clones (a prerequisite for continuous hypermutation) was assured by transfection of a floxed AID - IRES (internal ribosome entry site)- GPT (guanine phosphoribosyl transferase) bi-cistronic cassette.
A DT40 mutant lacking its pseudo-Ig genes has a naturally strong hypermutation activity at the Ig light chain locus [10].
Scheme representing the phenomenon of X chromosome hypermutation (Jäger et al., 2013 Cell).
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Invivoscribe provides PCR and NGS - based reagents and bioinformatics software designed and manufactured in an ISO 13485 accredited facility registered with the FDA; RUO test kits; CE - marked IVDs, including IdentiClone ® and LymphoTrack Dx Assays with both LymphoTrack and LymphoTrack Dx Software; for clonality, MRD, and somatic hypermutation testing.
Likewise, «programmed» DNA lesions followed by error - prone DNA repair dramatically increase antibody diversity by triggering somatic hypermutation of immunoglobulin variable genes.
The authors highlight an intriguing finding, which was that the level of antibody tinkering — known as somatic hypermutation — did not increase in volunteers» B cells over time after seasonal flu immunization.
Mutations can be caused by copying errors in the genetic material during cell division and by exposure to radiation, chemicals, or viruses, or can occur deliberately under cellular control during the processes such as meiosis or hypermutation.
Normally, within the llama, these antibodies would adapt to a new antigen (via a process called somatic hypermutation), but the researchers could not inject the animals with cholera and wait for them to create the correct antibodies.
Plasmablasts induced by pandemic H1N1 infection are highly cross-reactive and have accumulated particularly high levels of variable gene somatic hypermutation.
More specifically, rabbits have two antibodies in affinity maturation mechanisms: gene conversion and hypermutation, as opposed to mice where no gene conversion occurs.
Dr. Honjo is well known for his discovery of activation - induced cytidine deaminase that is essential for class switch recombination and somatic hypermutation.
Our clinical laboratory network across three continents is specialized in hematologic malignancy testing and provides testing services for clonality, somatic hypermutation, and MRD using the highest quality reagents manufactured under cGMP and ISO 13485 by Invivoscribe.
A comprehensive bioinformatics software package is provided free of charge with purchase; enabling you to identify the DNA sequence, clonal prevalence, V - J family identity for each gene rearrangement, and with the IGH FR1 assay, the extent of IGHV somatic hypermutation (SHM).
Our pioneering next - generation sequencing assay kits and software are revolutionizing the detection of clonality, somatic hypermutation, and minimal residual disease (MRD).
Our NGS kits are used to detect clonal gene rearrangements, somatic hypermutations and for the study of MRD.
They also include a comprehensive bioinformatics package, enabling you to identify the DNA sequence, clonal prevalence, and V - J family identity for each gene rearrangement, as well as the extent of IGHV somatic hypermutation (SHM) for IGH FR and IGH Leader.
Developing B cells use somatic hypermutation (SHM) to diversify their immunoglobulin (Ig) genes.
The topics include LymphoTrack Assays for IGH & TRG clonality and IGHV somatic hypermutation.
Iterative cycles of hypermutation and selection continue until antibodies of high antigen binding specificity emerge (affinity maturation).
Iterative cycles of hypermutation and selection continue until antibodies of high antigen binding specificity emerge.
Developing B cells activate and diversify their immunoglobulin (Ig) genes by recombination, gene conversion (GC) and somatic hypermutation (SHM).