Sentences with phrase «hyperreactivity of»

Exposure to early - life adversity — involving repeated and prolonged separation of a pup from its mother — results in hyperreactivity of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and the hypothalamic — pituitary — adrenal (HPA) axis in adolescence and adulthood and elevations in anxiety, fearful behaviors, and hypervigilance (1 ⇓ ⇓ — 4).

Some studies document hyperreactivity of the SNS and HPA axis following early - life adversity (15 ⇓ ⇓ ⇓ — 19) and others observe blunted HPA axis reactivity (20 ⇓ — 22) or discordance between SNS and HPA axis responses (23).

Although early - life adversity results in hyperreactivity of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and hypothalamic — pituitary — adrenal (HPA) axis in rodents, evidence from human studies is inconsistent.

Not exact matches

There was a significant association between the level of exposure and bronchial hyperreactivity: firefighters with a high level of exposure were more likely to have hyperreactivity than were those with a moderate level of exposure (relative risk, 21.0; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.8 to 164; P = 0.01).

Our finding of sinusitis, bronchial hyperreactivity, and bronchial responsiveness in firefighters with World Trade Center cough is important but not surprising.17 - 20 An unexpected finding was that 87 percent of such firefighters reported symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease; such symptoms are generally reported by less than 25 percent of patients with chronic cough.1, 21,22 Despite the strong associations between gastroesophageal reflux disease and chronic cough17 - 20 and between gastroesophageal reflux disease and asthma,23 - 25 it remains unclear whether gastroesophageal reflux disease causes either condition.26 The causative mechanism may be repeated aspiration of minute amounts of refluxed material; vagally mediated esophageal, tracheobronchial, or laryngobronchial cough reflexes; or neurally mediated bronchial inflammation.23, 24,26 Involvement of the posterior nasopharynx is common in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease, 27 whereas bronchial hyperreactivity may not be present.25, 26 For these reasons, we classified gastroesophageal reflux disease as an upper - airway symptom (Figure 2).

Arhgef1 is required by T cells for the development of airway hyperreactivity and inflammation.

One study found a five-fold increase in bronchial hyperreactivity in people with the lowest intake of vitamin C.

With this deduction follows that the clinical picture of hyperreactivity and hyperresponsiveness in PTSD is consistent with the sensitive HPA - axis.

In animals, physiological hyperreactivity induced by exposure to early - life adversity can be ameliorated by placement in an enriched environment during puberty (33), indicating that the neurobiological consequences of early - life adversity may be reversed, at least in part, through improvements to the environment.