The thick covering of
ice and water might mess up some of the geological processes that, at least on Earth, help regulate the planet's temperature over long periods of time.
Not exact matches
We also noticed that the
water temperature was not, as you
might expect, controlled by the hot
and cold
water knobs but rather by cabin poltergeists
and vacillated between scalding hot
and ice cold.
The mornings
might still be early but at least don't involve scrabbling around for
water bottles
and trainers
and we have time to play tennis
and football in the garden, devour endless
ice creams
and picnic to our hearts content.
In the process, they
might identify a planet's surface features — such as oceans, continents,
ice caps
and even cloudbanks —
and detect the presence of biomarkers like oxygen, methane
and water.
That
might include draining away the
water that lubricates the bottom of an
ice sheet, speeding its progress to the sea, or installing barriers to prevent warming ocean
waters from hitting the bottom of such glaciers
and hastening meltdown.
And so it was, when I reported on January 21 that fish were found living in an isolated corner of the ocean beneath 740 meters of
ice in Antarctica: People asked what this
might mean for finding life on distant worlds such as Europa, a moon of Jupiter that very likely harbors an ocean of liquid
water beneath a crust of
ice.
This information would help Tulaczyk understand whether subglacial
water lubricates the flow of
ice,
and whether it
might play a role in the runaway acceleration of glaciers that has occurred in some parts of Antarctica.
What's left to figure out is whether this is happening with other subglacial lakes around the Greenland
ice sheet, as well as whether
and how to incorporate the findings into models that are aimed at gauging how much Greenland
might change with the warming climate
and how much
water it could add to the rising seas.
For fourteen more orbits, the spacecraft focused on
ice,
water,
and fire: the icy moon Europa, which
might have an ocean; Jupiter's majestic thunderstorms;
and the fiery volcanoes of Io.
The team suspects that some of the pockets in these gullies
might have held
water in various forms in the recent past, over the last few hundreds of thousands of years, periodically harboring snow
and ice when the conditions were right.
Scientists think that in the «heart» region of Pluto (otherwise known as Sputnik Planum),
water ice bedrock
might be hidden underneath a thick blanket of other
ices made of methane, nitrogen
and carbon monoxide.
A new analysis of a Martian rock that meteorite hunters plucked from an Antarctic
ice field 30 years ago this month reveals a record of the planet's climate billions of years ago, back when
water likely washed across its surface
and any life that ever formed there
might have emerged.
Due to the positive feedback caused by the high albedo of snow
and ice, susceptibility to falling into snowball states
might be a generic feature of
water - rich planets with the capacity to host life.
Water vapor can transport a lot of heat, so when Ceres formed 4.6 billion years ago, sublimation of water ice might have dissipated much of its heat into space, Campins and Comfort w
Water vapor can transport a lot of heat, so when Ceres formed 4.6 billion years ago, sublimation of
water ice might have dissipated much of its heat into space, Campins and Comfort w
water ice might have dissipated much of its heat into space, Campins
and Comfort wrote.
If the craft were to crash on the surface of a cold moon like Enceladus, the RTGs could easily thaw a path through tens of kilometers of
ice,
and plop down into the liquid
water ocean beneath, though this
might take a long time.
Now, if you have all this very cold, nearly freezing
water surrounding these
ice caps, sucking up carbon dioxide out of the polar atmosphere, at nearly the highest possible rate, 30 times faster than oxygen,
and 70 times faster than nitrogen, doesn't it stand to reason that the air that remains
might just have a lot less carbon dioxide in it than the atmosphere across the rest of the planet?
The notch of
water in the black
and white cross-section of the
ice might not look like much, but the small pools of
water that persist through the winter have the potential to have large impacts on the sheet's durability.
Studies have found evidence that this Red Planet once had plenty of
water —
and that surface moisture or
ice might still remain.
You
might have heard of the practice in terms of professional athletes who us cryotherapy as an alternative to cold
water immersion or
ice packs as a way to decrease recovery time
and increase performance.
With
ice and snow in the forecast, the team opted for two durable, metal canoes instead of the fiberglass kayaks one
might use in warmer
water.
You
might want to keep a fan
and some
ice water handy, because this story is H - O - T!
If the dog is vomiting
water, you
might need to dehydrate the dog for a while
and administer a few
ice chips until he feels okay.
The physical processes by which energy
might be added into the glacier material include: (A) convection between the glacier surfaces
and local surrounding atmosphere
and water, (B) direct radiation onto the exposed surfaces of the material, (C) addition of material that is at a temperature higher than the melting temperature onto the top of the glacier (rain, say), (D) Sublimation of the
ice directly into the atmosphere,
and (E) conduction into the material from the contact areas between the glacier
and surrounding solid material.
When you have the largest Atlantic storm in recorded history that is being feed by unusually warm ocean
waters (+5 °F)
and is being steered in a very unusual direction by a «3 - sigma» blocking higher over Greenland after the largest Arctic sea
ice melt in human history, you
might want to consider the «steroid» hypothesis a bit more.
Another possibility
might be a slowing of deep circulation (not sure how much there is, mind), in which case the opposite occurs,
and the surface
waters heat up even faster, leading to yet more rapid surface melt, smaller winter
ice volumes
and so on.
(Often referred to as «externalities» in economics, examples of environmental goods
might be the polar
ice caps, unpolluted
water, the earth's atmosphere,
and so on).
We
might have a saviour in the form of the growing antarctic
ice sheets in the southern winter as this causes much more planckton to form on the undersurface of the forming
ice sheet driving super saturated salty
waters deep into the circum polar antarctic bottom
waters which is the main driver of the Great Oceanic Conveyor
and later on it's travels the AMOC.
I'm thinking that
ice floats (esp in salt
water, I suppose),
and since this glacier bed is below sea level,
and if sea
water were to get into it (or even at front edge points where it meets the sea), a rising sea level
might put even more upward pressure on the glacier.
If the Arctic
ice is melting
and more
water vapour is rising into the stratosphere from there, then that
might account for the clouds you are seeing, although they should soon start travelling north again.
Might relate to opening a super cold bottle of pop, or the glacial melt
and refreeze that occurs almost instantly as shifts change the pressure being exerted on super cold
ice that is almost
water.
In 2013, US Navy researchers predicted
ice - free summer Arctic
waters by 2016
and it looks as if that prediction
might come true.
Far more complex dynamics than one
might assume — but the trend (
and an accelerating one) is clear — more
ice mass melting into
water and flowing into the ocean.
Hailstones are created so it is believed, by a more or less continuous loop of being caught in violent updrafts as found in thunderstorms, ie; above glider example,
and then falling out of the updraught cell back down to lower levels where they
might be caught up again in another or the same updraft cell
and so accumulate
water and ice on the core of the frozen hailstone over a period of anywhere from just one passage in the updraft to a number of passages which can be ascertained
and recognised by the number of rings when a hailstone is dissected across its diameter.
For example, Zhang, 2007 (Open access) proposed that warmer
waters off Antarctica
might make the
water less salty,
and that maybe this would stop the
ice from melting.
Also that (diminishing)
ice in the glass (sea)
might be keeping the
water cold,
and when it's all melted, the warming
might happen fairly rapidly.
However, detecting acceleration is difficult because of (i) interannual variability in GMSL largely driven by changes in terrestrial
water storage (TWS)(7 ⇓ — 9), (ii) decadal variability in TWS (10), thermosteric sea level,
and ice sheet mass loss (11) that
might masquerade as a long - term acceleration over a 25 - y record, (iii) episodic variability driven by large volcanic eruptions (12),
and (iv) errors in the altimeter data, in particular, potential drifts in the instruments over time (13).
The next stage
might be to include some of the history of the subject
and then proceed to the real experiment which would be to include some science, particularly the following topics, forcing, sensitivity, the role of
water vapour, the oceans, feedbacks, delayed warming, finger - prints
and understanding the
ice cores.
«Significant loss of
ice from polar
ice sheets» Of course, this does not apply to floating
ice (with the exception of small changes due to higher temperature
and water expansion that
might happen incidentally).
Or new engines
might be designed to limit Vapor
and instead spit out
water drops or
ice that fall from the sky.
Such conditions that
might cause harm to a person can include any defective construction, improper maintenance, slippery surfaces caused by oil,
water, snow or
ice, or any other objects or obstructions that
might cause a person to slip, trip, or fall, or that
might hit
and injure a person.
The clinking of
ice in your glass will sound very loud to the person you're speaking with
and might even make them think you're drinking Scotch on the rocks instead of plain
water.