That information could eventually help them estimate an important number: the rate at which the ocean water is melting
ice at the grounding zone.
Further up - glacier,
the ice at the grounding line is 600 - 700 m thick.
Not exact matches
Peter Neff, a glaciologist
at the University of Rochester who travels regularly to the Antarctic, said
ground observations would never tell you the full story of what's going on with
ice sheets in that part of the world.
At Sub Zero, customers can customize their
ice cream from the
ground up.
Cinnamon - chocolate fruit mince tarts slightly adapted from Australian Gourmet Traveller 270g dark brown sugar 300g raisins 300g dried cranberries 3 tablespoons brandy 100g unsalted butter, melted 100g glacé orange, finely chopped 2 Granny Smith apples, coarsely grated 1 orange, finely grated zest and juice 1/2 teaspoon
ground cinnamon 1/4 teaspoon
ground cloves 1/4 teaspoon
ground ginger 1/4 teaspoon freshly grated nutmeg 1 vanilla bean, halved lengthwise, seeds scraped 100g dark chocolate (70 % cocoa solids), coarsely chopped 1 1/2 tablespoons demerara sugar, for scattering Cinnamon pastry: 180g softened unsalted butter 200g pure
icing sugar, sifted 1 tablespoon
ground cinnamon 4 eggs 500g all purpose flour pinch of salt Combine all ingredients except chocolate and demerara sugar in a large bowl, stir to combine, then spoon into sterilized jars * and refrigerate for
at least 1 day or up to 2 weeks, inverting jar occasionally.
The survey asked participants questions relating to: cola drink, coffee from coffee shop, soft drinks, standard milk chocolate, green tea and black tea, instant coffee,
ground coffee (
at home or work), dark chocolate, energy drink, espresso coffee,
iced coffee drink,
iced tea drink, chocolate energy bar, extra caffeinated cola drink.
Together, they represent 70 % of the weekly caffeine intake, with coffee (instant, café / coffee shop,
ground coffee
at home,
iced coffee, and espresso) collectively contributing a 52 % and tea (
iced, green, and black) contributing 19 %.
1) Mix flour, butter and
icing sugar in a bowl using two knives to cut the butter until the mixture resembles fine breadcrumbs 2) Add in the egg yolks and vanilla extracts and mix well, then add
iced water until the dough starts to come together 3) Shape the dough into a ball on a cool, flat, floured surface 4) Flatten dough into a disc and then wrap in plastic wrap, and chill in the refrigerator for
at least 30 minutes 5) Meanwhile, peel, core and slice the apples into as thin slices as possible 6) Mix sugar and
ground cinnamon powder with sliced apples and let it rest for a while 7) Pre-heat oven to 180 deg cel 8) Once dough has chilled, roll pastry dough on a sheet of parchment paper until it has expanded to the size of the tart mold (I used a rough mold the size of a large pizza) 9) Leaving
at least an inch of dough free, arrange apple slices by overlapping them slightly in the shape of a circle, starting from the outermost part of the circle, until you reach the inside 10) Fold the edges of dough over the filling and then sprinkle the dough with a bit of sugar 11) Bake for about 40 - 45 minutes, or until the crust is golden brown and the apples are soft 12) Serve warm, with a side of whipped cream or
ice cream (optional)
Blend until
ice is well
grounded, serve
at once.
On Monday, Nov. 9, the foodie fun continues with a Wild Game Dinner featuring beer pairings by Wood Boat Brewery, kicking off
at 6 p.m.The seven - course menu consists of Wild Boar Belly Salad and Pardon Me Pale Ale; Grilled Pheasant and Burrville Hard Apple Cider; Blackened Rabbit Saddle with Quail Egg Bearnaise and Channel Marker IPA; Golden Beet Gelato with Mascarpone and Poppyseed; Reisling - Braised Venison Shank and Oatmeal Stout; Elk Loin with Stone
Ground Mustard Reduction and Cherry Wheat Ale; and Candied Duck Prosciutto with New York Maple
Ice Cream and Punkin» Wheat Ale.
for the crust 1 tablespoon
ground chia seeds 3 - 4 tablespoons
ice cold water, divided 1/2 cup coconut oil — cold and solid, plus more for oiling the springform —
at room temperature 3/4 cup oat flour (I use
ground rolled oats) 1/2 cup almond flour 1/4 cup tapioca flour 2 tablespoons coconut sugar pinch sea salt
The fact that everyone on the bench saw this play, most everyone on the
ice saw the play, or
at least saw Staal crumpled to the
ground is a testament to the lack of heart and gutlessness this team has displayed all year, and pretty much throughout the tenure of this playoff run.
Then as he skated off the
ice, he smashed his helmet on the
ground and then picked up a chair and threw it
at a door.
Digging into the past, he's +50 over his career, his stats took a noticeable hit when he was moved into a shutdown role, didn't get much
ice after an elbow injury, apparently is pretty decent
at grinding and stealing pucks, and he's got 21 game winning goals and played well with Ward.
«Sometimes the most exciting thing
at the zoo might not be the lion's den or that exhibit way over there, but the squirrel that's climbing up the tree or the ants crawling over the sidewalk where someone dropped their
ice cream on the
ground,» says Bruck.
When weather conditions allow (an average temperature of 20 degrees Fahrenheit or colder for 5 consecutive days, 5 - 6 inches of
ground frost), park district staff will begin flooding the
ice rink
at Sunset Woods Park.
The white spots would seem to be exposed
ice, Brown says, but observations of Ceres with
ground - based telescopes don't show any evidence of
ice at the bright spots» locations.
Just as the same genes that allow Deinococcus to thrive on the
ground may give it the ability to survive
at high altitudes, the
ice - nucleation gene may originally have given syringae and bacteria like it an advantage other than rainmaking.
There could be eons - old
ice deposits buried below
ground and newer water
at the surface.
Mote was one of 12 lead authors on a chapter of the fifth Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change report looking
at the cryosphere, which is comprised of snow, river and lake
ice, sea
ice, glaciers,
ice sheets and frozen
ground.
Many clouds
at mid-latitudes make rain by freezing water into
ice crystals (which fall from the cloud then melt before they hit the
ground), rather than by coalescing warm water droplets together.
The hope is that the cables could reveal secrets about what's happening underneath the
ice sheets, especially about melting
at the so - called
grounding line, the place where the bottom of an
ice sheet meets the slightly warmer ocean.
And in 2007, a team of researchers using
ice - penetrating radar reported finding a wedge of sediment 30 meters thick at the grounding zone of the Whillans Ice Stre
ice - penetrating radar reported finding a wedge of sediment 30 meters thick
at the
grounding zone of the Whillans
Ice Stre
Ice Stream.
This isolated cavity of seawater, down
at the
grounding zone, sits deep beneath the back corner of the
ice shelf — 850 kilometers back from where the edge of the
ice meets the open sea.
At present the
ice sheet is
grounded on underwater islands, which insulate some of the
ice from the melting effect of the seawater upon which the rest of the sheet floats.
Thousands of marks on the Antarctic seafloor, caused by icebergs which broke free from glaciers more than ten thousand years ago, show how part of the Antarctic
Ice Sheet retreated rapidly at the end of the last ice age as it balanced precariously on sloping ground and became unstab
Ice Sheet retreated rapidly
at the end of the last
ice age as it balanced precariously on sloping ground and became unstab
ice age as it balanced precariously on sloping
ground and became unstable.
They found that, as seas warmed
at the end of the last
ice age, Pine Island Glacier retreated to a point where its
grounding line — the point where it enters the ocean and starts to float — was perched precariously
at the end of a slope.
At the
grounding line, the
ice detaches from the bedrock and juts out into the water as a kind of floating ledge, or
ice shelf, which helps to stabilize the glacier and hold back the flow of
ice behind it.
In a presentation Thursday
at the Seismology Society of America's annual meeting in Anchorage, West showed that long - ignored data within the state's earthquake records faithfully capture dynamic change occurring above
ground:
ice breaking off of glaciers and falling into water, the phenomenon known as calving.
Although CryoSat - 2 is designed to measure changes in the
ice sheet elevation, these can be translated into horizontal motion
at the
grounding line using knowledge of the glacier and sea floor geometry and the Archimedes principle of buoyancy — which relates the thickness of floating
ice to the height of its surface.
Research by the UK Centre for Polar Observation and Modelling (CPOM)
at the University of Leeds has produced the first complete map of how the
ice sheet's submarine edge, or «
grounding line,» is shifting.
Between 2002 and 2007, satellite measurements showed that
ice from the glacier's
grounding line, the spot where it transitions from being on the land to in the sea, thinned
at a rate of 1.2 meters to 6 meters per year.
The scientists stressed the need for more study of the conditions
at the bottom of the
ice sheet because of a proposal published in the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists in 1973 to use the
ice sheet as a dumping
ground for radioactive waste.
After Levy and colleagues noted visible effects of
ground ice retreat in Garwood Valley, they began to monitor the valley, combining time - lapse photography and weather - station data
at 15 - minute intervals to create a detailed view of the conditions under which the
ice, a relict from the last
ice age, is being lost.
It can house more than 100 people above
ground at a time, while fuel and cargo storage, waste - management facilities, maintenance garages and a power plant are all located beneath the surface of the
ice sheet.
A string of DOMs is essentially a telescope pointed
at the
ground: The DOMs will look for neutrinos that originated in the northern sky, passed through the Earth without resistance, and lodged themselves in the South Pole's
ice.
Materials known to exist
at Pluto's surface from
ground - based spectroscopic observations include highly volatile cryogenic
ices of N2 and CO, along with somewhat less volatile CH4
ice, as well as H2O and C2H6
ices and more complex tholins that are inert
at Pluto surface temperatures.
At this point, the
ice becomes disconnected from the
ground and turns into a kind of floating ledge, known as an
ice shelf, that juts out into the ocean from the front of the glacier.
For a separate study, the NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory's Ala Khazendar — a co-author of Scheuchl's paper — measured
ice loss
at the bottom of the three glaciers, which he suspected might be influencing the changes in their
grounding lines.
In Antarctica, dynamic thinning has accelerated
at the
grounding lines of the major glaciers of the Amundsen Sea embayment, and in places has penetrated to within 100 km of the
ice divides.
The
ice is frozen to the ground underneath that part of the Devon Ice Cap, so we didn't expect to find liquid water,» said Anja Rutishauser, coauthor and a PhD student at the University of Alber
ice is frozen to the
ground underneath that part of the Devon
Ice Cap, so we didn't expect to find liquid water,» said Anja Rutishauser, coauthor and a PhD student at the University of Alber
Ice Cap, so we didn't expect to find liquid water,» said Anja Rutishauser, coauthor and a PhD student
at the University of Alberta.
The rates
at which the
grounding lines of the
ice streams recede will increase.
Ice velocity profile across
Ice Streams D and E
at their
grounding line.
Warming is maximum
at grounding line depths (∼ 1 — 2 km) of Antarctic
ice shelves (Rignot and Jacobs, 2002).
The space agency is launching these missions
at a time when decades of observations from the
ground, air, and space have revealed signs of change in Earth's
ice sheets, sea
ice, glaciers, snow cover and permafrost.
Schematic cartoon of a glacier flowing into an
ice shelf, showing the
grounding line and calving
at the
ice cliff
at the edge of the
ice shelf.
This is because it is
grounded below sea level, and marine
ice sheets such as these are susceptible to rapid melting
at their base.
She has shown, in an
ice sheet model with gravitationally self - consistent sea level, there is actually a sea level fall
at the
grounding line, which acts to stabilize against the marine
ice sheet instability.
The
ice sheet in this area is grounded up to 2000 m below sea level, making it intrinsically unstable6 and susceptible to rapid melting at its base, and to rapid migration of the grounding line up the ice stream7 (see Marine Ice Sheet Instabilit
ice sheet in this area is
grounded up to 2000 m below sea level, making it intrinsically unstable6 and susceptible to rapid melting
at its base, and to rapid migration of the
grounding line up the
ice stream7 (see Marine Ice Sheet Instabilit
ice stream7 (see Marine
Ice Sheet Instabilit
Ice Sheet Instability).
In this case, incursions of circumpolar deep water onto the continental shelf are melting the
ice stream
at its base and encouraging
grounding line recession, which results in a positive feedback loop and further
grounding line recession.