All this cold water being released into the ocean has a significant impact on the formation of sea ice, resulting in higher rates of sea
ice concentration around Antarctica.
How sea
ice concentrations around Antarctica differed from average during November 2016.
She and her co-author, Harry Stern, principal mathematician at the PSC, used 35 years of satellite data to examine sea
ice concentrations around the entire Arctic.
Not exact matches
A new University of Colorado Boulder study comparing dissolved black carbon deposition on
ice and snow in ecosystems
around the world (including Antarctica, the Arctic, and alpine regions of the Himalayas, Rockies, Andes, and Alps) shows that while
concentrations vary widely, significant amounts can persist in both pristine and non-pristine areas of snow.
Changes in the winds
around Antarctica therefore change
ice -
concentration trends
around Antarctica [8] by influencing sea -
ice production and melt rates [9].
It has long been suspected that the low solar activity during the Maunder Minimum was one of the causes of the Little
Ice Age, although other factors like a small drop in greenhouse gas
concentrations around 1600 and strong volcanic eruptions during that time likely played a role as well.
John — your premise is incorrect; Arctic sea -
ice is not a
concentration of mass, and when it melts it doesn't redistribute
around the globe (other of course than in the same way any other Arctic seawater redistributes).
The water vapor, lapse - rate and
ice - albedo feedbacks in isolation enhance the global warming that would result from increasing CO2
concentrations alone to
around +2.2 °C.
Southern Ocean: Sea
Ice Concentration and Sea Surface Temperature Recently there has been a discussion about the link between SST and SIC in the Southern Ocean
around Antarctica.
... The paper, entitled «Recent Antarctic Peninsula warming relative to Holocene climate and
ice — shelf history» and authored by Robert Mulvaney and colleagues of the British Antarctic Survey (Nature, 2012, doi: 10.1038 / nature11391), reports two recent natural warming cycles, one
around 1500 AD and another
around 400 AD (William: Same periodicity of cyclic warming and cooling in the Northern hemisphere), measured from isotope (deuterium)
concentrations in
ice cores bored adjacent to recent breaks in the
ice shelf in northeast Antarctica.
Lighter than 2009: Petrich (break - up of fast
ice around Barrow), Tivy (
ice area), Zhang (regional pattern of
ice concentration)
Whereas the mid-LIG summer sea
ice concentrations were still
around 60 to 75 % in the central Arctic Ocean, but only
around 20 % or less along the Atlantic - Water influenced Barents Sea continental margin, nearly
ice - free conditions might be reached in the entire Arctic Ocean in 2300.
Colors like yellow and lavender indicating higher
concentrations come and go, but weak
ice concentration areas indicated by green tend to stick
around.
---- Doddridge and Marshall, 2017 http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2017GL074319/abstract Through analysis of remotely - sensed sea surface temperature (SST) and sea
ice concentration data we investigate the impact of winds related to the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) on sea
ice extent
around Antarctica.
The area
around the North Pole is
ice - covered — an assumption confirmed by many airborne and
ice - surface expeditions — but researchers use an average of the
concentration just outside the gap to estimate the extent within.
RealClimate is wonderful, and an excellent source of reliable information.As I've said before, methane is an extremely dangerous component to global warming.Comment # 20 is correct.There is a sharp melting point to frozen methane.A huge increase in the release of methane could happen within the next 50 years.At what point in the Earth's temperature rise and the rise of co2 would a huge methane melt occur?No one has answered that definitive issue.If I ask you all at what point would huge amounts of extra methane start melting, i.e at what temperature rise of the ocean near the Artic methane
ice deposits would the methane melt, or at what point in the rise of co2
concentrations in the atmosphere would the methane melt, I believe that no one could currently tell me the actual answer as to where the sharp melting point exists.Of course, once that tipping point has been reached, and billions of tons of methane outgass from what had been locked stores of methane, locked away for an eternity, it is exactly the same as the burning of stored fossil fuels which have been stored for an eternity as well.And even though methane does not have as long a life as co2, while it is
around in the air it can cause other tipping points, i.e. permafrost melting, to arrive much sooner.I will reiterate what I've said before on this and other sites.Methane is a hugely underreported, underestimated risk.How about RealClimate attempts to model exactly what would happen to other tipping points, such as the melting permafrost, if indeed a huge increase in the melting of the methal hydrate
ice WERE to occur within the next 50 years.My amateur guess is that the huge, albeit temporary, increase in methane over even three or four decades might push other relevent tipping points to arrive much, much, sooner than they normally would, thereby vastly incresing negative feedback mechanisms.We KNOW that quick, huge, changes occured in the Earth's climate in the past.See other relevent posts in the past from Realclimate.Climate often does not change slowly, but undergoes huge, quick, changes periodically, due to negative feedbacks accumulating, and tipping the climate to a quick change.Why should the danger from huge potential methane releases be vievwed with any less trepidation?
The 30 %
concentration graph, the DMi graph, one that is weightier than the 15 % because it shows what is happening at the heart of the Arctic, and not just what is happening (for the moment)
around the circumference of the
ice,
The 30 %
concentration graph, the DMi graph, one that is weightier than the 15 % because it shows what is happening at the heart of the Arctic, and not just what is happening (for the moment)
around the circumference of the
ice, shows a rapid, and strong (even surprising for how strong it is this year) growing trend in Arctic
ice since 2007.