Sentences with phrase «ice concentration in»

Fig. 5: Ice extent (monthly means, June) southern border of 30 % ice concentration in the Greenland Sea / Fram Strait and Barents Sea, based on passive microwave satellite data (red = June 2011, orange = mean June 1999 - 2008, purple = mean June 1980 - 1999, green = mean June 1979 - 2008).

Furthermore, virtually all of the negative trends in ice concentration in the Amundsen Sea and a third or more of the negative sea ice trends in the Bellingshausen Sea are explained, along with a third or more of the positive sea ice trends in the Ross Sea.

It is currently shown to be in very low ice concentration in a large embayment formed in the central arctic ice pack.

Opening of the Arctic pack near the east - Siberian coasts in September is a possibility, but the uncertainty in ice concentration in this region is large in all groups that provide this regional information.

The ice concentration in these regions are given more weight in forecasting future sea ice extent.

In contrast, SLP has been higher over the Kara sector, which may have contributed to the large current negative anomalies in sea ice concentration in that region of the Arctic.

Overall, we find the loss of sea ice thickness contributes up to 1/3 of the response from loss of sea ice concentration in the lower to mid-atmosphere.

June ice extent defined as the 30 % ice concentration in the Greenland Sea / Fram Strait and Barents Sea based on the Norwegian ice charts (blue = 2013, red = 2012, orange = 2011, green = 2010, yellow = 2009).

The AMO is likely to be a driver of multi-decadal variations in Sahel droughts, precipitation in the Caribbean, summer climate of both North America and Europe, sea ice concentration in the Greenland Sea and sea level pressure over the southern USA, the North Atlantic and southern Europe (e.g., Venegas and Mysak, 2000; Goldenberg et al., 2001; Sutton and Hodson, 2005; Trenberth and Shea, 2006).

Note open water developing off Siberian and North American coastlines, and areas of low ice concentration in the central Arctic for the same day as seen in visible - range MODIS imagery (right panel, NASA MODIS Rapid Response System).

Prediction of September 2010 sea ice concentration in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago from a statistical model (canonical correlation analysis).

(a, b) Annual - mean sea ice concentration in the CTL and SW experiments, and (c) SST anomalies during the last 50 years of the latter simulation.

These NASA provided images show the minimum arctic sea ice concentration in 1979, at left, and in 2003.

May ice extent defined as the 30 % ice concentration in the Greenland Sea / Fram Strait and Barents Sea based on the Norwegian ice charts (blue = 2013, red = 2012, orange = 2011, green = 2010, yellow = 2009).

Sea - ice concentration in the Barents and Kara seas, expressed as a percentage.

The researchers found a «pronounced change» towards very low sea ice concentration in the two seas since 2004.

Right figure: May ice extent defined as 30 % ice concentration in the Greenland Sea / Fram Strait and Barents Sea based on passive microwave data (red = May 2012, orange = mean May 1999 - 2008, purple = mean May 1980 - 1999, green = mean May 1979 - 2008)(Gerland et al.).

Left figure: April ice extent defined as 30 % ice concentration in the Greenland Sea / Fram Strait and Barents Sea based on passive microwave data (red = April 2012, orange = mean April 1999 - 2008, purple = mean April 1980 - 1999, green = mean April 1979 - 2008).

We used the ice thickness in December, ice movement from December to April, and ice concentration in June.

NASA's Earth Observatory reports that there was a record low Arctic sea ice concentration in June 2005.

Sea - ice concentration in the Barents and Kara seas, expressed as a percentage.

The AMO is likely to be a driver of multi-decadal variations in Sahel droughts, precipitation in the Caribbean, summer climate of both North America and Europe, sea ice concentration in the Greenland Sea and sea level pressure over the southern USA, the North Atlantic and southern Europe (e.g., Venegas and Mysak, 2000; Goldenberg et al., 2001; Sutton and Hodson, 2005; Trenberth and Shea, 2006).

The forecast shows near - normal ice concentrations in the marginal ice zone and below normal ice concentrations in the polar pack, however the skill of the model north of ~ 80N isn't greater than chance.

A regression - based statistical forecast for July ice concentration anomalies submitted by Tivy (Figure 4) shows below - normal ice concentrations in southwest Hudson Bay and Ungava Bay.

Lower ice concentrations in 2011 relative to 2007 in late May indicate increased sensitivity of the arctic ice cover to atmospheric dynamical forcing, with implications for ice transport during summer.

He notes that ice concentrations in Nares Strait at the end of June were close to 100 % with a concentration of multi-year ice at 45 %.

Nørgaard - Pedersen, N., Mikkelsen, N., Lassen, S. J., Kristoffersen, Y. & Sheldon, E. Reduced sea ice concentrations in the Arctic Ocean during the last interglacial period revealed by sediment cores off northern Greenland.

At the beginning of July, ice concentrations in the region remain high, 9-10/10, with some small areas of open water along the southern route.

Once the ice barrier at the top of the strait gives way, ice from the Arctic Ocean can spill over into this region, affecting navigation, but also providing a mechanism to reduce ice concentrations in an area of very thick ice in the high Arctic.

The AMSR - E image for 5 July (http://www.iup.uni-bremen.de:8084/amsr/amsre.html) is similar in extent and also shows lower ice concentrations in the Canadian Beaufort Sea and north along 130 ° E.

A combined lack of coherence in ice drift fields and reduced ice concentrations in April 2011 relative to April 2007 suggest that springtime ice dynamical contributions to fall sea ice extent may be associated with sea ice deformation and ridging within an increasingly mobile and fractured ice cover.

The Polarstern reported low ice concentrations in Baffin Bay at the beginning of August with heavily melted ice remnants (20 - 100m cakes, i.e., small ice floes).

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A friend who told me not to be so Jewish when I wouldn't buy her an ice cream, the friend's mother who told her daughter to change before we went out in case anyone thought she was a Jew, the concentration camp jokes I was told to be a good sport and laugh along with.

They've found that the ice on comets has deuterium concentrations very similar to the water in our oceans.

In addition to the isotope concentration, the air bubbles trapped in the ice cores allow for measurement of the atmospheric concentrations of trace gases, including greenhouse gases carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxidIn addition to the isotope concentration, the air bubbles trapped in the ice cores allow for measurement of the atmospheric concentrations of trace gases, including greenhouse gases carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxidin the ice cores allow for measurement of the atmospheric concentrations of trace gases, including greenhouse gases carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide.

In the microscopic veins that permeate Arctic ice, for example, the high concentration of salt can maintain traces of water in a liquid state down to — 65 °In the microscopic veins that permeate Arctic ice, for example, the high concentration of salt can maintain traces of water in a liquid state down to — 65 °in a liquid state down to — 65 °F.

Growth rates for concentrations of carbon dioxide have been faster in the past 10 years than over any 10 - year period since continuous atmospheric monitoring began in the 1950s, with concentrations now roughly 35 percent above preindustrial levels (which can be determined from air bubbles trapped in ice cores).

«While concentrations measured in Antarctic ice cores are very low, the records show that atmospheric concentrations and deposition rates increased approximately six-fold in the late 1880s, coincident with the start of mining at Broken Hill in southern Australia and smelting at nearby Port Pirie.»

A new University of Colorado Boulder study comparing dissolved black carbon deposition on ice and snow in ecosystems around the world (including Antarctica, the Arctic, and alpine regions of the Himalayas, Rockies, Andes, and Alps) shows that while concentrations vary widely, significant amounts can persist in both pristine and non-pristine areas of snow.

Data from the new ice core array illustrates that Antarctic lead concentrations reached a peak in 1900 and remained high until the late 1920s, with brief declines during the Great Depression and the end of World War II.

Curiously, the decline in atmospheric oxygen over the past 800,000 years was not accompanied by any significant increase in the average amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, though carbon dioxide concentrations do vary over individual ice age cycles.

Sea ice - associated decline in body condition leads to increased concentrations of lipophilic pollutants in polar bears (Ursus maritimus) from Svalbard, Norway.

If the sheet stays in one spot long enough, strong winds and sunlight can evaporate the top layers and reveal deeper, older ice — and large meteorite concentrations.

This human habit has already shifted atmospheric CO2 concentrations by more than 100 parts per million, which is the usual shift in concentration between a planet swathed in ice and the more temperate climes in which human civilization developed.

Measurements taken of Antarctic sheet ice show that the concentration of naturally occurring carbon dioxide in the atmosphere was already 278 ppm in the 1750s before industrialization started in earnest.

In January 2005, for example, Ohio State University geophysicist Ralph von Frese and his colleagues noticed a concentration of higher - than - average - density material in the rock about a mile under the surface of the East Antarctic ice sheeIn January 2005, for example, Ohio State University geophysicist Ralph von Frese and his colleagues noticed a concentration of higher - than - average - density material in the rock about a mile under the surface of the East Antarctic ice sheein the rock about a mile under the surface of the East Antarctic ice sheet.

«We argue that it was the establishment of the modern deep ocean circulation — the ocean conveyor — about 2.7 million years ago, and not a major change in carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere that triggered an expansion of the ice sheets in the northern hemisphere,» says Stella Woodard, lead author and a post-doctoral researcher in the Department of Marine and Coastal Sciences.

Scientists can determine ancient atmospheric concentrations by measuring CO2 and methane levels in tiny air bubbles trapped in such ice, formed when the ice fell to the earth as snow.

Gioia's team first noticed something odd off West Africa on a 2001 research cruise, when they observed a spike in the concentration of seven of the most important PCBs — the so - called ICES set.