GISP2
ice core temperatures show that the arctic was 2 degrees C warmer 6000 years ago, 2000 years ago and approximately the same temperature 1000 years ago (with the Vikings).
Not exact matches
Ice cores have
shown faster
temperature change even than the Gore Prophets are screaming about.
Climate scientists find the last glacial period interesting because
ice cores in Greenland and ocean sediment
cores have
shown that during this period there were sharp shifts in global
temperatures.
Another thing that
ice core showed, as others have before, is that the great swing in
temperature between glacial and interglacial periods was invariably accompanied by great swings in the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere: When the greenhouse goes up, the
ice sheets go down.
Ice core data from the poles clearly
show dramatic swings in average global
temperatures, but researchers still don't know how local ecosystems reacted to the change.
Ice cores show CO2 increases lag behind
temperature rises, disproving the link to global warming
o
Ice core and sea - bed sediment measurements
show no evidence that changes in CO2 drive world
temperatures or climate.
Plotting GHG forcing (7) from
ice core data (27) against
temperature shows that global climate sensitivity including the slow surface albedo feedback is 1.5 °C per W / m2 or 6 °C for doubled CO2 (Fig. 2), twice as large as the Charney fast - feedback sensitivity.»
Previous research by Box using
ice cores — long cylinders drilled out of the
ice sheet that let scientists sample hundreds of years of
ice layers —
showed that in the past, snowfall has increased over the
ice sheet as
temperatures have risen.
More recent studies, with much more precise correlation between
ice cores and global
temperature records, have
shown that
temperature and CO2 changed synchronously in Antarctica during the end of the last
ice age, and globally CO2 rose slightly before global
temperatures.
A full 900,000 years of
ice core temperature records and carbon dioxide content records
show CO2 increases follow increases in Earth's
temperature instead of leading them.
In my briefings to the Association of Small Island States in Bali, the 41 Island Nations of the Caribbean, Pacific, and Indian Ocean (and later circulated to all member states), I pointed out that IPCC had seriously and systematically UNDERESTIMATED the extent of climate change,
showing that the sensitivity of
temperature and sea level to CO2 clearly
shown by the past climate record in coral reefs,
ice cores, and deep sea sediments is orders of magnitude higher than IPCC's models.
See the GISP2
Ice core charts of
temperature for the last 10,000 years -LRB-- data available at WDC) where it
shows that the normal cooling and warming mode is for a rapid
temperature change of 1.5 to 2 degrees within a few hundred years.
Conversely I note that if CO2 directly causes warming as you appear to be claiming, the fact that
ice cores show that
temperatures increased about 800 years before a CO2 increase (and a latter decline in
temperatures before CO2 levels declined) casts doubt upon CO2 as a driver.
(This question would be a useful riposte to those pulling up
ice core data purporting to
show that CO2 rise always follows
temperature rise.)
Indeed it was Law Dome, not the Taylor Dome... I had written that from memory, but as my memory is not anymore what it was 40 years ago... What I meant was a graph on the Internet,
showing the Law Dome
ice core CO2 variations, lagging the
temperature variations with some 50 years (with ~ 10 ppmv / K, similar to the factor found over the Vostok
ice core trends).
You may now understand why global
temperature, i.e. ocean heat content,
shows such a strong correlation with atmospheric CO2 over the last 800,000 years — as
shown in the
ice core records.
When I give talks about climate change, the question that comes up most frequently is this: «Doesn't the relationship between CO2 and
temperature in the
ice core record
show that
temperature drives CO2, not the other way round?»
Indeed, Claude Lorius, Jim Hansen and others essentially predicted this finding fully 17 years ago, in a landmark paper that addressed the cause of
temperature change observed in Antarctic
ice core records, well before the data
showed that CO2 might lag
temperature.
Startlingly, the Greenland
ice core evidence
showed that a massive «reorganization» of atmospheric circulation in the Northern Hemisphere coincided with each
temperature spurt, with each reorganization taking just one or two years, said the study authors.
Indeed the
ice cores show a remarkable (near) linear response of CO2 to
temperature changes, be it overall ~ 8 ppmv / K for the 420,000 years Vostok
ice core, where K more or less reflects the SH ocean
temperature.
A radiocarbon - dated box
core in the Sargasso Sea
shows that sea surface
temperature was approximately 1 °C cooler than today approximately 400 years ago (the Little
Ice Age) and 1700 years ago, and approximately 1 °C warmer than today 1000 years ago (the Medieval Warm Period).
Your chart
shows the difference between the absolute
temperature in 1895 as measured using the GISP2
ice core proxy, and the absolute
temperature as measured at a nearby location using the thermometers in the 2000s, ie, the difference between the end of the GISP2 icecore and the higher of the two blue crosses in last graph in the original post.
Ice cores show atmospheric CO2 variations to lag behind atmospheric
temperature changes on a century to millenium scale, but modern
temperature is expected to lag changes in atmospheric CO2, as the atmospheric
temperature increase since about 1975 generally is assumed to be caused by the modern increase in CO2.
Another graph of
temperatures from the Greenland
ice core for the past 10,000 years is
shown in Figure 5.
The Vostok
ice core for the Eemian
shows a 100ppm rise in CO2 (starting at 190ppm) after
temperature started to rise (not the other way around).
data from
ice cores shows that
temperature has been regulated inside the same bounds for ten thousand years.
If you want to trim it down,
show only the middle panel, but don't pretend that
showing a less accurate
ice core temperature series together with an instremental based series at two low a resolution to
show relevant detail is a substitute for
showing an accurate graph.
Figures A and B
show past variations in the global mean
temperature inferred from direct measurements (A) and from the analysis of
ice -
cores (B).
The mass balance and d13C balance
shows that vegetation as sink is not large enough to absorb all human CO2 if the oceans are a source and
ice cores show that CO2 and
temperature go to a (surprisingly linear) new equilibrium for every change in
temperature level, not a sustained increase or decrease.
The graph built from the Vostok
ice core data
shows us the relationship between CO2 in the atmosphere and global
temperature.
«It potentially does,» admits Jones, but says that analyses using other methods — proxy
temperature markers from
ice core samples, for example — still
show much the same
temperature change over the past 1,000 years, backing up Mann's hockey stick.
That the
ice core CO2 levels are reasonable for CO2 measurements can be seen as different
ice cores at very different snow /
ice temperatures, inclusions (coastal salts vs. inland salts content), accumulation rates,
ice age — gas age differences,...
show the same CO2 levels (within 5 ppmv) for overlapping periods of gas age.
Rather, the
ice core record
shows clearly that changes in
temperature precede changes in carbon dioxide throughout the glacial - interglacial cycle (Mudelsee, 2001), and that for the last half million years the climate system has oscillated in a self - limiting way between glacials and interglacials by about 6 deg.
In 1975 Wallace Broeker (the guy who first used the phrase «global warming», predicted a rapid transition to warming in the 1980s, caused by a combination of rapidly rising CO2 emissions and a natural
temperature cycle (derived from work on Greenland
ice cores at Camp Century) which
showed a rapid warming phase up to 1940, followed by the cooling phase which was attenuated by CO2.
Analysis of a 364m - long
ice core containing several millennia of climate history
shows the region previously basked in
temperatures slightly higher than today.
Then I have an image of the Volsok
ice core from Antartica
showing the correlation between CO2 and
temperature going back over 420,000 years.
The
ice cores show that during the last million years, whenever the
temperature rose 10 C the CO2 rose from 180 ppmv to 280 ppmv, a rise of 100 ppmv.
Ancient
ice core samples
show that
temperature changes and CO2 levels are not correlated.
I am arguing that the
ice cores were used to verify AGW, except that the
ice cores showed an 800 year co2 lagging
temperature.
What if Callendar (and the
ice cores and other CO2 proxies) overestimated the real CO2 levels in the pre-Mauna Loa period and / or the
temperature in reality was higher than Hadcrut3
shows?
Can you point to any published analysis that
shows CO2 provides the dominant
temperature feedback in the
ice core record?
C) However, since the
ice core record
shows many instances where
temperatures reverse and drop while CO2 is still increasing and vice versa, it is evident that there are other (largely unknown) climate drivers that routinely overwhelm whatever effect CO2 has on
temperatures (positive feedback included).
And while
temperature should decrease the total amount of carbon in the upper layer of the oceans, we see an increase in carbon (and a decrease in 13C / 12C ratio)-
Ice cores, tree carbon and coralline sponges all give small 13C / 12C variations over the Holocene, but all
show a steady and ever faster decline since about 1850.
No, it is an inference from a remarkable two - variable
ice core time series that
shows the 800,000 year history of
temperature driven by various factors, with a dominant CO2 feedback.
We are at or near the upper boundary of
temperature as
shown in the
ice core data for the past ten thousand years.
Further, there is firm evidence that migration of CO2 isn't important in the Vostok and Dome C
ice cores over the past 800,000 years: each glacial / interglacial period
shows the same ratio between
temperature and CO2 changes: about 8 ppmv/degr.C.
I also vaguely recall that the
ice core records
shows co2 rise follows
temperature rise.
«This chart
shows Northern Hemisphere
temperature changes over the last 10,000 years, based on
ice core data.
To take one example,
ice cores drilled from the Antarctic
ice - sheet
show a surprisingly close correlation between greenhouse gas levels and
temperature over the past 800,000 years.