Sentences with phrase «ice cover»

Several years had low sea ice cover in the past decade, yet most of those years were warm at middle latitude winters by 1951 - 1980 standards.

It found that decreasing ice cover in this region doubles the chances of unusually cold winters across wide areas to the south and east.

Thus the entire lake food web is impacted by the degree of ice cover from year to year and the degree of winter productivity.

If we lose the summer ice cover, more heat will be absorbed by the ocean during that season.

Scientists have used satellite data to measure sea ice cover for 35 years.

After a very warm winter, and probably a thin ice cover at the start of summer, sea ice declined quickly in early summer.

The biologists involved were interested in finding out how organisms living in the sea ice and the underlying water column adapt to the thinner ice cover.

It never stops bouncing from shore to shore, even when ice covers the lake.

High evaporation rates in a warm autumn can actually lead to more ice cover the following winter and slower ice breakup in the spring, because the water is colder after evaporation.

The unusually thick ice cover took ships by surprise.

The sea - ice covered area is measured with the help of satellites.

Nevertheless the greenhouse gas warming reduced the indirect effect on surface air temperatures cooling by 20 % and on snow / ice cover increase by 50 %.

As ice cover retreats, areas of open water absorb heat that the ice normally reflects.

The sea ice extent measure is broader, including areas of ocean where ice covers 15 % of the surface area.

Data back to the winter of 1972 - 73 shows that average ice cover for the month is just 8 percent.

However, this year's ice cover remains far below the 1981 - 2010 average, indicating an ongoing, long - term decline of ice because of warming temperatures, according to scientists.

Only two IPCC models (12) exhibit a complete loss of annual sea - ice cover under extreme forcing (20).

Summer sea ice continues to decline — the 2009 - 2010 summer sea ice cover extent was the third lowest since satellite monitoring began in 1979, and sea ice thickness continues to thin.

Their research examines the effects of more mobile ice cover since 2000.

A knowledge of sea ice extent is important because ice cover has a strong albedo warming feedback.

We've only had satellite measures of ice cover since 1980.

Ice covers play a major role in determining the environmental properties of lakes.

A number of potential feedbacks, such as land ice cover, vegetation cover and ocean heat transport were held fixed in these experiments.

If you do not have a problem with more modern and comprehensive examinations of the historic ice cover, then I hope the following is useful to you.

Lost and damaged, the crew must land the ship on a strange ice covered world.

In fact, several recent studies suggest that year - round ice cover could be a thing of the past sooner rather than later.

Reduced summer sea ice cover allows for greater warming of the upper ocean but atmospheric warming is modest.

A thick vanilla icing covers the top of the loaf and then is sprinkled with a few more cranberries.

In the continuation the global warming will increasingly affect e.g. ice cover, flooding and the habitat of the region.

Now bare water is exposed to the sun's rays, and absorbs more light than did the previous ice cover; so the planet heats up a little more.

It is very difficult to assess ice cover or ice thickness changes over a longer period, before 1978.

Global ice cover acts as the planet's thermostat, regulating temperature by reflecting sunlight back into space.