Among them:
ice coverage time - lapse from 1978 - 2006 and 2007's ice retreat (the greatest ever recorded).
Not exact matches
It seems clear to me that that mountain glaciers and permafrost are: 1 sensitive indicators of changes in temperature; 2 uncontaminated by urban heat islands; 3 have short response
times (no problem with lagged response to Little
Ice Age cooling); have wide geographical
coverage (especially in remote areas).
Unfortunately, the tough scientific work to clarify
ice and sea trends and dynamics has largely been obscured online by
coverage focused on an error on Greenland
ice loss that many polar scientists say made it into the new edition of the
Times Comprehensive Atlas of the World (that's the British
Times, just to be clear).
The marine coring record for the Arctic suggests that the Artic has never been (summer
time)
ice free for at least hundreds of millions of years; you'll have to find the papers and look at the extent of
coverage yourself.
The problem with this obsessive focusing on one single data point out of 365, is that there is a lot of short term, weather driven variability that can affect the exact
timing and size of the minimum in
ice coverage.
«The
time of occurrence of the maximum and minimum sea
ice coverage in the Arctic showed slight trends towards occurring earlier in the year, although not significant.
BBC News reports that data from Europe's Cryosat spacecraft shows that Arctic sea
ice coverage was nearly 9,000 cubic kilometers (2,100 cubic miles) by the end of this year's melting season, up from about 6,000 cubic kilometers (1,400 cubic miles) during the same
time last year.
If the previous melt was localised around Spitzbergen, why hasn't he offered any evidence of extensive
ice coverage elsewhere at the
time?
Based on results of a simple model that keeps track of the age of
ice as it moves about on the Arctic Ocean, we argue that the areal
coverage of thick multi-year
ice decreased precipitously during 1989 - 1990 when the Arctic Oscillation was in an extreme «high index» state, and has remained low since that
time.
Meanwhile, 6,000 kilometers to the north, the Arctic has less sea
ice than at any
time in the 37 years that satellites have been measuring
ice coverage.
The
timing of
ice advance and retreat and the extent of
coverage vary greatly from year to year.
This year, as has been true since 1979, that sea
ice coverage is abundant across the Arctic for seals that are giving birth and mating at this
time as well as for polar bears busy feeding on young seals and mating.
CMIS represented the state of the art in satellite microwave radiometers and was intended to continue, with a higher degree of accuracy and resolution, the
time series of many fundamental climate variables, including SST and wind, sea
ice and snow
coverage, soil moisture, and atmospheric moisture (vapor, clouds, and rain).
Despite its areas of inaccuracy, near - real -
time data are still useful for assessing changes in sea
ice coverage, particularly when averaged over an entire month.
Secondly, the weather which is present in Colorado Springs certain
times of the year, such as snow and
ice, makes having good auto insurance
coverage a must.