Not exact matches
Dr. Walter L. Bradly, an
expert on polymers and thermodynamics,
says, «
Ice crystals have a certain amount of order, but it's simple, repetitive, and has a low amount of information, sort of like filling a book with the words, «I love you, I love you, I love you» over and over again.
Ice cream professional Jordan Dawkins, who works at Molly Moon's in Seattle, said in an expert interview that salted caramel, far and away, is the weepiest, fastest melting ice cream in the ga
Ice cream professional Jordan Dawkins, who works at Molly Moon's in Seattle,
said in an
expert interview that salted caramel, far and away, is the weepiest, fastest melting
ice cream in the ga
ice cream in the game.
But, while instant cold or gel packs are easy to store and are more convenient than
ice,
experts say that they may damage the skin because of the cold temperatures they reach.
«Sea
ice is the canary in the coal mine, and the canary's about to fall off its perch,»
says David Gallaher, an
expert in satellite remote sensing at the NSIDC.
We still don't know enough about tar sand oil, or bitumen, which takes longer to break down due to its high viscosity, but doesn't spread, we also don't know much about the behavior of oil from a blowout, such as the Deepwater Horizon BP blowout, and we know little of how crude oil behaves in the Arctic Ocean, where there is
ice, or how to remediate it,»
said Michel Boufadel, director of NJIT's Center for Natural Resources Development and Protection and a member of the panel of
experts charged with evaluating the impact of spills in Northern waters.
The rates and geographic extent of
ice loss are «very surprising,»
says radar altimetry
expert Curt Davis of the University of Missouri, Kansas City.
«The base driver of sea
ice melt ultimately is anthropogenic greenhouse gases,» Walt Meier, an Arctic
expert at NASA,
said.
The question now,
experts said, is what the discovery of the bottoms - up
ice formation means for efforts to understand
ice sheet behavior and to investigate past climate by extracting
ice cores.
What is new,
experts said, is the idea that water at the
ice sheet's base refreezes in huge amounts that can reshape the surface of the
ice sheet.
«The Arctic is clearly experiencing the impacts of a prolonged and intensified warming trend,»
said the report's co-editor, Jackie Richter - Menge, a sea
ice expert at the Army Corps of Engineers» Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory in Hanover, N.H.
«A lot of research has shown that intrusions of warm water are responsible for melting
ice along the polar coastlines and that these intrusions are steered by the shape of the seafloor,»
said Jamin Greenbaum, an oceanography and geology
expert at the University of Texas, Austin, who was not involved with the new study, in an email.
«The primary uncertainty in sea level rise is what are the
ice sheets going to do over the coming century,»
said Mathieu Morlighem, an
expert in
ice sheet modeling at the University of California, Irvine, who led the paper along with dozens of other contributors from institutions around the world.
Other
experts, though,
say thinning
ice sheets on land and calving
ice shelves on the sea are reasons for alarm.
The data tell a far different story: «The observations in the last 10 years are, whoa,
ice sheets change far more dramatically, both in terms of magnitude of change and timescale, than we
experts ever thought possible,» Bindschadler
said.
Yuka, an exceptionally well - preserved mammoth, is on exhibit in Japan, opening a window on life in the
ice age and the possibility,
experts say, of cloning the extinct animals thanks to Yuka stil having liquid blood and, potentially, stem cells.
When an iceberg might break off is anybody's guess — it could happen in months, or it could take years — though any
ice shelf collapse would likely take decades,
experts say.
Dr. Zbigniew Jaworowski — world - renowned
expert on the ancient
ice cores used in climate research —
says the U.N. «based its global - warming hypothesis on arbitrary assumptions and these assumptions, it is now clear, are false.»
Igor Polyakov, an
ice expert at the University of Alaska, Fairbanks,
said that heat banked in ocean waters appears to be the main force driving the
ice shrinkage this summer, while last year wind patterns were the main factor.
Indeed,
experts say, there could easily be periods in the next few decades when the region cools and
ice grows.
Over all, open water has spread in the Arctic this summer nearly as much as it did last summer, when polar
experts said the
ice cap shrank far more than had been measured since satellites started scanning the region 30 years ago — and probably more than it had shrunk in a century or more.
It conflicts a little with «Volcanoes under Arctic
ice: No link to melting, more
experts say».
Professor Peter Wadhams, member of AMEG,
expert on Arctic sea
ice and a reviewer for the IPCC AR5 report,
says that the PIOMAS data is based on actual thickness measurements.
Yesterday, several
ice experts, including William Chapman of the University of Illinois, Marika Holland at the National Center for Atmospheric Research, and Walt Meier at the Boulder
ice center,
said that cloudier weather had prevented early - summer heating and that the strong winds that opened big stretches of water last year were not repeated this summer.
Several
experts said it was not plausible from the get - go, but for the sake of due diligence, I queried a heap of the Arctic oceanographers and climate and
ice experts I've gotten to know since my North Pole journey in 2003.
«One of the things that troubles me most is that the rapid - fire publication of unsettled results in highly visible venues creates the impression that the scientific community has no idea what's going on,»
said W. Tad Pfeffer, an
expert on Greenland's
ice sheets at the University of Colorado.
Here is what he wrote: «As global levels of sea
ice declined last year, many
experts said this was evidence of man - made global warming.»
Most
experts deeply probing the Arctic
ice, ocean and atmosphere
say that the particularly striking
ice changes of late probably can be traced to a significant dose of natural variability as well as a contribution from heat trapped by the atmosphere's building greenhouse - gas blanket.
Seasoned
experts on Antarctic
ice say there is plenty of reason for concern, given that warming waters could continue freeing up the
ice sheets for centuries to come, leading to relentlessly rising seas.
In late August, a Reuters story began with «a thaw of Antarctic
ice is outpacing predictions by the U.N. climate panel and could in the worst case drive up world sea levels by 2 meters (6 feet) by 2100, a leading
expert said.»
Models created by
experts said such a dramatic loss of sea
ice would cause a sharp drop in the polar bear population and threaten their very survival.
«The Aqua satellite will tell us about water in all of its forms,»
said Dr. Claire Parkinson, a sea
ice expert and Aqua project scientist at the Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md., which is in charge of the program.
Many
experts on the Arctic
say that global warming is causing the
ice to melt and that the warming is at least partly the result of the atmospheric buildup of heat - trapping gases from tailpipes and smokestacks.
Experts with the National Snow and
Ice Data Center say formation of sea ice around the Arctic Ocean probably petered out about two weeks a
Ice Data Center
say formation of sea
ice around the Arctic Ocean probably petered out about two weeks a
ice around the Arctic Ocean probably petered out about two weeks ago.
The
ice experts at CRYOLIST
say that the bogosity of the claims should have been immediately obvious to anyone with an ounce of scientific sense.
Experts believe that the North Pole will be completely
ice - free in the summer months by as early as 2030, while others
say that this won't happen until 2050 or 2080.
On the other hand, it is clear that Joughin et al. did not simulate the worst case, so care is required in more than one direction,» Richard Alley, one of the foremost
experts on the fate of the world's
ice sheets,
said in an email conversation.
From 1899 to 1962, those
ice fields more exposed to direct solar radiation «wasted drastically» while those in narrow, shaded grooves changed very little,
said Dr. Stefan L. Hastenrath, a professor emeritus at the University of Wisconsin, who is a longstanding
expert on African glaciology.
Main
Experts Now
Say Unprecedented Arctic Sea
Ice Loss Occurred In Past - 50 % Less
Ice Than Summer 2011»
The Scotsman of August 29, under the title «Arctic sea
ice will vanish within three years,
says expert», reports:
Screen, an
expert on how the melting sea
ice affects the path of weather systems around the Northern Hemisphere,
said that the regional distribution of
ice decline is important.
The
experts say our pollution has created an strong and increasing greenhouse effect and a rapid, out of control global warming is underway that will sky rocket temperatures, destroy agriculture, melt the
ice caps, flood the coastlines and end life as we know it.
He notes that
ice sheet
experts say we must consider a collapse of the Antarctic sheet as a significant probability by the end of the century.
Although arctic
experts said there were many signs of warming, including a thinning and shrinking of the polar
ice cap, there was no way to link a patch of sun - dappled water at the pole to climate change.
Joey Comiso, a NASA sea
ice expert,
said the continued pattern of low sea
ice extents fits into the large - scale decline that has unfolded over the past three decades.
If you asked me a couple of years ago when the Arctic could lose all of its
ice, then I would have said 2100, or 2070 maybe,» said Mark Serreze, an Arctic expert at the University of Denver's National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSID
ice, then I would have
said 2100, or 2070 maybe,»
said Mark Serreze, an Arctic
expert at the University of Denver's National Snow and
Ice Data Center (NSID
Ice Data Center (NSIDC).
A good example of this is the need to pin down the «threshold» for the Greenland
ice sheet,
says Gregory, who, as well as being a professor of meteorology at the University of Reading, is an
expert in
ice sheets and sea - level change.
Sea
ice has hit record lows for time of year as
experts say global warming probably fueled big storms in Europe and north - eastern US