The subsequent increase in multiyear sea ice culminated during the past 2500 years and is linked to an increase in
ice export from the western Arctic and higher variability of ice - drift routes.
Variability in drift
ice export from the Arctic Ocean to the North Icelandic Shelf over the last 8000 years: a multi-proxy evaluation.
While the Greenland Sea is dominated by
ice export from the Arctic Ocean, the Barents Sea is mostly seasonal ice formed in situ.
Gudmandsen provides a more detailed analysis of
ice export from the Lincoln Sea north of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago into Baffin Bay, through Nares Strait between Greenland and Canada.
The net trend in the past decennia is a cooling of the (deeper) Atlantic around South Greenland, which points to more cooler water /
ice export from the Arctic.
Not exact matches
Thinner
ice also breaks up more easily, and the thinner the
ice, the faster it seems to be
exported from the Arctic to the Atlantic, says Rune Graversen of the Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute.
The works include reenactments of Vito Acconci's Seedbed (1972), in which the artist occupied the space under a false floor, masturbating and speaking through a microphone to visitors above; Valie
Export's Action Pants: Genital Panic (1969) in which
Export walked through a movie theater in crotchless pants, challenging the audience to turn
from the images of women on the screen to a real female body; and Abramovic's own Lips of Thomas (1975), in which she ate a kilogram of honey and drank a liter of red wine before breaking her glass with her hand, incising a star in her stomach with a razor blade, whipping herself until she «no longer felt pain,» then lying down on an
ice cross while a space heater suspended above her caused her to bleed even more profusely.
Nares Strait Recent
ice advection patterns; warm water advances into the Arctic
from the Atlantic;
ice distribution patterns: all of these things show that conditions continue to be advantageous for
export of
ice through Fram Strait.
In Fram Strait, Rigor et al. predicts reduced
export of sea
ice from the Arctic Ocean.
At the workshop and
from recent publications, there is near consensus that the 2007 sea
ice minimum was due to the combination of almost two decades of preconditioning (thinning and increased
ice export) plus a rare supportive weather pattern in summer 2007.
It seems the conditions for Fram
export are getting worse, both for
ice coming
from the Siberian and the Greenland side.
Another side effect of the high pressure has been increased
export of sea
ice from the Central Arctic, as illustrated by this animation from «Wipneus» on the Arctic Sea Ice For
ice from the Central Arctic, as illustrated by this animation
from «Wipneus» on the Arctic Sea
Ice For
Ice Forum:
To summarise the arguments presented so far concerning
ice - loss in the arctic basin, at least four mechanisms must be recognised: (i) a momentum - induced slowing of winter
ice formation, (ii) upward heat - flux
from anomalously warm Atlantic water through the surface low ‐ salinity layer below the
ice, (iii) wind patterns that cause the
export of anomalous amounts of drift
ice through the Fram Straits and disperse pack -
ice in the western basin and (iv) the anomalous flux of warm Bering Sea water into the eastern Arctic of the mid 1990s.
In the Beaufort and Chukchi seas,
ice distribution mimicks the Beaufort Gyre circulation pattern with advection of
ice from the high Canadian Arctic into the Beaufort Sea and
export of
ice northward in the Chukchi Sea.
Sea
ice refused to
export from the continental shelf, where it got thicker and thicker and older and older, while completely disappearing offshore.
The head - turning decline in sea
ice in 2007, for example, was caused mainly by sunny skies and a prolonged dipole: high pressures over the Beaufort Sea, combined with lows near Siberia, pulled in considerable warmth
from the Pacific side and increased
ice export to the Atlantic.