In that sense one could argue that Arctic sea
ice extent at least in 1940 was «very low» compared to the early and mid 20th Century, but compared to the past 20 years it was actually very high.
I want to note the early Melt aspect of 2008, which is a match with the late now defunct «big blue» skies which was an extraordinary event of continuous cloud free skies which lasted several months, well before spring, giving a greater
ice extent at least on the North American side of the Pole, what «big blue» gaveth «big blue» taketh away.....
Not exact matches
By the late 1990s, the
extent of sea
ice had fallen to its lowest level for
at least 1400 years.
This week, Arctic sea
ice extent - that is, the total ocean area in which the
ice concentration is
at least 15 percent - was
at 1.96 million square miles.
365 - 366 Chris and Jared, there are deep distinctions between late 07 and late 08,
at least in the Arctic, especially with cloud
extent and the resulting not so strong Arctic
ice freeze up which exists right now.
And of course the curve could turn out sigmoidal (and likely will to some
extent, considering that there will surely be some
ice in the Arctic Ocean, from calving glaciers
at least, during the summer for a good long time).
Global climate model projections (in CMIP3
at least) appear to underestimate sea
ice extent losses with respect to observations, though this is not universally true for all models and some of them actually have ensemble spreads that are compatible with PIOMAS
ice volume estimates and satellite observations of sea
ice extent.
Intuitively, one would think that model the underestimate of the decline in Arctic sea
ice extent would also be reflected,
at least partly, in an underestimate of Arctic temperature rise.
The marine coring record for the Arctic suggests that the Artic has never been (summer time)
ice free for
at least hundreds of millions of years; you'll have to find the papers and look
at the
extent of coverage yourself.
Ice around Iceland (the number of weeks when ice was observed in this case) must correlate very well with the arctic sea ice extent / area, at least with the annual maxim
Ice around Iceland (the number of weeks when
ice was observed in this case) must correlate very well with the arctic sea ice extent / area, at least with the annual maxim
ice was observed in this case) must correlate very well with the arctic sea
ice extent / area, at least with the annual maxim
ice extent / area,
at least with the annual maximum.
As reported
at Science Daily, in a new paper in Quaternary Science Reviews they report their findings: that the present
extent of sea
ice in the arctic is
at its lowest for
at least several thousand years.
There is also considerable observational evidence that arctic sea
ice extent over the last few decades is much lower than it has been for
at least a century prior to modern times.
The region's sea
ice extent — defined by NSIDC as the total area covered by
at least 15 percent of
ice — varies from year to year because of changeable weather conditions.
The yellow outline is the median minimum sea
ice extent for 1979 — 2000; that is, areas that were
at least 15 percent
ice - covered in
at least half the years between 1979 and 2000.
Annual Antarctic sea
ice extent (total area of
at least 15 %
ice concentration) for selected years since 1979.
Though most of the CMIP5 models project a strong > nearly
ice - free Arctic (sea
ice extent less than 1 × 106 km2 for
at least 5 consecutive years)...
«Though most of the CMIP5 models project a nearly
ice - free Arctic (sea
ice extent less than 1 × 106 km2 for
at least 5 consecutive years)
at the end of summer by 2100 in the RCP8.5 scenario...»
For high GHG emissions such as those corresponding to RCP8.5, a nearly
ice - free Arctic Ocean (sea
ice extent less than 1 × 106 km2 for
at least 5 consecutive years) in September is likely before mid-century (medium confidence).
The winter 2010 - 2011 Arctic Oscillation was negative
at least initially, a positive factor for
ice extent in September, but over the whole winter not as negative as 2010.
Though most of the CMIP5 models project a nearly
ice - free Arctic (sea
ice extent less than 1 × 106 km2 for
at least 5 consecutive years)
at the end of summer by 2100 in the RCP8.5 scenario (see Section 12.4.6.1), some show large changes in the near term as well.
«CMIP5 models project a nearly
ice - free Arctic (sea
ice extent less than 1 × 10 ^ 6 km2 for
at least 5 consecutive years)
at the end of summer by 2100 in the RCP8.5 scenario... «Assume a 15 km2 million max and 3 km2 million min.
Extent here is defined as the total area of
ice with concentration (over an area of
at least 100 square kilometers) greater than 15 %.
The way they count
extent is this... IF the pixel indicates that
at least 15 % of the area is
ice, then it counts as 25sq km of
ice..
As a result,
at least a thin layer of
ice will form, establishing a large
extent of frozen ocean.
Correlation analysis shows that dynamical forcing (wind or surface currents) is
at least of the same order of importance as thermodynamical forcing for the
ice extent variability in the Laptev, East Siberian, and Chukchi Seas.»
Should be some interesting climate - related stories coming along soon; sea -
ice minimum is coming soon, and will be
at least the 3rd - lowest ever by
extent, probably 2nd - lowest by area.
Results showed that the
extent of multi-year
ice, which includes areas of the Arctic Ocean where multi-year
ice covers
at least 15 percent of the water's surface, is shrinking
at a rate of 15.1 percent per decade.
Extent is defined as the total area in which the
ice concentration is
at least 15 percent.
The bright white central mass shows the perennial sea
ice, which is just the multi-year
ice that has survived
at least one summer, while the larger light blue area shows the full
extent of the winter sea
ice including the average annual sea
ice during the 2012 months of November, December and January.
Although a number of scientists are hollering that 2017 was «among the warmest on record», we are not seeing any manifestation of this,
at least over the northern hemisphere, where ironically snow and
ice have shown surprising
extents.
In late August, sea
ice extent was way below average for that time of year, and it was predicted we were headed for
at least a near - record low this year.
After all,
at the same time the Arctic was melting, the Antarctic
Ice Cap at the South Pole was setting a record for the greatest extent of polar ice in observed history and at the same time South America and much of the Southern Hemisphere was experiencing the coldest and longest winter in at least 50 yea
Ice Cap
at the South Pole was setting a record for the greatest
extent of polar
ice in observed history and at the same time South America and much of the Southern Hemisphere was experiencing the coldest and longest winter in at least 50 yea
ice in observed history and
at the same time South America and much of the Southern Hemisphere was experiencing the coldest and longest winter in
at least 50 years.
Before 1979, the data are less comprehensive, but shipping records and other evidence show that the
ice extent has been in a continued state of decline for
at least the last hundred years.
What researchers have found hasn't been encouraging,
at least for polar bears: summertime sea
ice extent in 2007 fell half below average for the past three decades.
OTOH Willard Tony protects his tiny flock by censoring Eli and many others, Now there is all sorts of fanciful
at both dens of denial, unicorns and such, but it occurred to Eli that there must
at least be proxy records way back into the past for Arctic Sea
Ice extent, and, indeed there is, from Reconstructed changes in Arctic sea ice over thepast 1,450 years by Christophe Kinnard, Christian M. Zdanowicz, David A. Fisher, Elisabeth Isaksson, Anne de Vernal and Lonnie G. Thompson, Nature 479 (2011) 5
Ice extent, and, indeed there is, from Reconstructed changes in Arctic sea
ice over thepast 1,450 years by Christophe Kinnard, Christian M. Zdanowicz, David A. Fisher, Elisabeth Isaksson, Anne de Vernal and Lonnie G. Thompson, Nature 479 (2011) 5
ice over thepast 1,450 years by Christophe Kinnard, Christian M. Zdanowicz, David A. Fisher, Elisabeth Isaksson, Anne de Vernal and Lonnie G. Thompson, Nature 479 (2011) 510.
In some recent years, low sea -
ice minimum
extent has been
at least in part exacerbated by meteorological factors, but that was not the case this year.
The AR5 states that Arctic sea
ice surface
extent has decreased by 0.17 to 0.2 million square miles per decade, changes considered unprecedented in
at least the last 1,450 years.
Hence,
at least here in Germany, there hasn't been much reporting about the recent evolution of Arctic sea
ice — despite the fact that Arctic sea
ice extent in July, for example, was the lowest ever recorded for that month throughout the entire satellite record.
Forcing glacier
ice over a resistant bed is an analogous problem,
at least to the
extent that both the bird and the glacier — usually an
ice sheet — have to balance force against resistance.