• Dynamical processes related to
ice flow not included in current models but suggested by recent observations could increase the vulnerability of the ice sheets to warming, increasing future sea level rise.
Not exact matches
Howat and his team were able to figure this out by creating high - resolution topographic models of the glaciers and their boundaries, as well as a numerical model of exactly how much water was
flowing off these coastal glaciers and
ice caps — technology that wasn't available back in 1996.
Deeper into the core the layers thin out due to
ice flow and high pressure and eventually individual years can
not be distinguished.
The site for this project was chosen because it is unusually thick and also comparatively stable,
not having moved or
flowed as much as other Antarctic
ice.
NHL games will be played with more dispatch in coming seasons, but $ 125 rinkside seats won't be removed to expand the
ice surface to Olympic size (15 feet wider than NHL arenas), the three 100 - second TV timeouts per period won't disappear, and despite a growing sentiment among players, including Mario Lemieux, that removing the red line would enhance the
flow of the game, this is a back - burner issue.
«Very old
ice probably exists in small isolated patches at the base of the
ice sheet that have
not yet been identified, but in many places it has probably melted and
flowed out into the ocean.»
Once on Ceres» surface, the Slurpee - like material couldn't
flow far, and it slowly built up a 3 - mile - high
ice volcano.
«This huge channel means that a lot of the water being generated in north Greenland is
not having a big impact on [
ice]
flow,» says Bamber.
Glaciers around the world are melting and contributing to sea level rise, but scientists still don't quite understand how exactly glaciers give birth to icebergs as they
flow into the ocean and lose
ice.
Of course, freeing electrons in a copper - oxide insulator to get superconducting current
flowing for useful applications won't be quite as easy as melting
ice to get liquid water or removing pieces from a chessboard.
As global warming affects the earth and ocean, the retreat of the sea
ice means there won't be as much cold, dense water, generated through a process known as oceanic convection, created to
flow south and feed the Gulf Stream.
If the water remained in the channel, the water would eventually cool to a point where it was
not melting much
ice, but the channels allow the water to
flow out to the open ocean and warmer water to
flow in, again melting the
ice shelf from beneath.
Current climate models do
not take into account glacial
flow and therefore underestimate the impact of glacial melt and the calving of
ice flows, the researchers argue in a paper detailing the findings in today's Science.
Not only are
ice sheets in Greenland and Antarctica breaking up faster than scientists expected, but more of their melt water is
flowing into oceans, he said, which will raise sea levels by 3.3 feet (1 meter) by 2100.
«The geology and topography under the
ice controls how the
ice flows,» said Robin Bell, a geophysicist and professor at Columbia University's Lamont - Doherty Earth Observatory, who was
not associated with the research.
Some scientists assessing the recent acceleration of
ice flows propose that the rates of increase can't be sustained long enough to get a truly disastrous rise in seas by 2100 from a warming Greenland.
But in the late 1990s, scientists found that
ice flowing over Vostok isn't just compacted snow.
Even with the best numerical model of
ice flow available, if the data going into it is
not accurate, then the predictions will
not be reliable.
While melting at the edges may cause the termini to recede, it will
not cause the
ice to
flow any faster.
Dan, I know virtually nothing about
ice sheet dynamics but even I can understand that, even assuming no lubrification or sliding at the base, lateral
ice flow is
not going to be caused by the weight of the
ice at the center.
So it wouldn't take that much warming to get rid of all the
ice which geography isn't keeping from
flowing downwards.
The MISI is based on a number of studies that indicated the theoretical existence of the instability... The most fundamental derivation, that is, starting from a first - principle
ice equation, states that in one - dimensional
ice flow the grounding line between grounded
ice sheet and floating
ice shelf can
not be stable on a landward sloping bed.
One year without a net loss also doesn't buck the long - term trend of Greenland losing
ice, both from surface melt and from ocean waters eating away at glaciers that
flow out to sea.
I have had ZERO luck with
Ice over the years, and Dick Hartzell has been warning that
icing injuries doesn't work since at least 2002, so I go a different routine and do all I can to increase blood
flow to the forearms.
It may
not be a magical
ice palace wedding, but a simple icebreaker could do the trick to get conversation
flowing and start a romantic journey all your own.
The problem with the paleoclimate
ice sheet models is that they do
not generally contain the physics of
ice streams, effects of surface melt descending through crevasses and lubricating basal
flow, or realistic interactions with the ocean.
(By the way, the I.P.C.C. didn't exclude the
ice - sheet dynamics but they did say that the models currently were
not good enough to do anything but to linearly extrapolate, and therefore they simply assumed the
flow from Greenland and Antarctica based on the period 1993 - 2003.)
Ice flow dynamics have to matter a lot, and the IPCC's 80 cm doesn't include them.
The denialist cut - paste attempts to — via logical fallacy, hand - waving and dissembling — make it appear that... that... well, who knows but it isn't germane nor does it refute eroding coastlines due to less
ice, nor does the denialist cut - paste refute the facts of melting permafrost, CH4 release, warmer Arctic temps, birds moving north into the Arctic, increased freshwater
flow into the northern seas, and numerous other indicators.
It's about increased
flow of the
ice into the ocean, and from * there * it melts (and of the icebergs raise sea level whether they melt or
not).
This illustrates two things, that PIG
flow regime has
not changed much for quite awhile and two that all the action from topography and changing basal conditions is happening lower in the
ice stream.
Terran: An examination of a map of glacier velocity for either the Pine Island presented in this post or of the
ice streams feeding the Ross Ice Shelf indicate that most of the ice sheet region is not a fast flow regi
ice streams feeding the Ross
Ice Shelf indicate that most of the ice sheet region is not a fast flow regi
Ice Shelf indicate that most of the
ice sheet region is not a fast flow regi
ice sheet region is
not a fast
flow region.
As for Antarctica — there are many differences,
not least the heat content of the Southern Oceans, the isolation of the continent, mostly divergent sea
ice flow, etc..
The glaciological community has for decades harbored the widespread belief that the thermal evolution of the
ice sheet, and the effect of this evolution on
ice flow, are central in the
ice - age cycling (
not all communities agree, but there is plenty of literature on this from the land -
ice crowd), so use of a temperature - independent rheology for the
ice leaves out one favored explanation for termination of extensive glaciation.
Of course, most IPCC scientists don't believe that rapid dynamical changes in
ice flow can happen!
After the journal Science published a paper earlier this month concluding that summertime gushers of meltwater percolating to the base of Greenland's
ice sheet didn't appear to speed the seaward
flow of
ice, one result was a burst of excited comments from bloggers and others asserting that the impacts of global warming have been hyped.
The numbers would have become slightly lower, but this approach would
not have mixed up very different levels of uncertainty, and it would have been clear what is included in the table and what is
not (namely
ice flow changes), rather than attempting to partially include
ice flow changes.
Half of the
ice flows in the Karakoram range of mountains are advancing and
not retreating, researchers announced in the first major study since a 2007 United Nations report warned the glaciers would melt by 2035, according to the Daily Mail.
This
flow of
ice, fed by the continuous formation of new
ice on land and culminating in the breakup of the shelves on the outer fringe and the calving of icebergs, is
not new.
Ice melting in mountainous regions
not only affects river
flows, it also affects sea level rise.
However, I'd contend that the variance explained or variability of the mid-latitude
flow attributed to the AO is
not well understood to infer anything much about the derivative of such variability due to Arctic Sea
Ice change.
In his Environmental Research Letters paper Hansen claims that the IPCC 2007 figures are low because the IPCC says it is unable to evaluate possible dynamical responses of the
ice sheets and therefore its figures do
not include any possible rapid dynamical changes in
ice flow.
They do
not include «rapid and dynamical changes in
ice flow», because the IPCC was too uncertain about how likely or influential these changes might be.
Surface melt on an
ice sheet
not only directly reduces the
ice sheet mass but also can accelerate
ice flow and even leads to further melting.
Heat pumps don't work worth a crap for heating when the outside air temperature is much below 50F because the outside heat exchanger
ices up which stops the fan driven air from
flowing through it.
The vulnerability of the
ice sheets to warming could be increased by dynamical processes related to
ice flow (
not included in current models but suggested by recent observations) thereby increasing future sea level rise.
For instance, projections of sea level rise do
not take into account the fact that the
flow of
ice from the
ice sheets in Greenland and Antarctica could be faster in the future than they were in recent years.
Ice does
not conduct heat well, and a rise of a few degrees in the air would take thousands of years to affect a glacier base a mile away, where it could lubricate the
flow.
News like the disintegration of an
ice shelf the size of Rhode Island a month ago conjures a vision that a warming world will lead to doom by drowning —
not from melting
ice shelves, which like melting
ice in a glass do
not change water levels, but from melting
ice sheets sending their fresh water
flowing toward the sea.
The IPCC did
not consider changes in
ice flow in these projections due to a lack of scientific data.