Sentences with phrase «ice layers»

The weight of the upper layers of the ice sheet causes the deep ice to spread, causing the annual ice layers to become thinner and thinner with depth.

I usually freeze my layers and do a dirty icing layer.

The giveaways by artists previously given exhibitions by the foundation — gloppy bouquets of iced layer cakes stubbed with chocolate cigarettes by Maurizio Cattelan, Dean's keychains bearing double - sided portraits of Gioni and Beatrice Trussardi.

The trace gas can rise and go in those bubbles during occlusion times, gydratization ages, depressurizing during bore sampling, etc., and this would leave no obvious traces in ice layers.

However, some portion of the top melt refroze as it percolated downwards underneath the ice, adding ice layers from below that more than make up for the initial ice loss at the bottom.

When warm temperatures melt snow on the surface of the percolation zone, the melt water trickles down into the deeper snow and refreezes into ice layers.

Sometimes freezing, flowing groundwater creates a sealed ice layer in the soil, which can elevate the pressure in the pore space below.

The Trim»n Turn Ultra Cake Turntable makes cake decorating easier in every step of the process, from leveling and torting the cake layers and icing the layered cake to combing the sides of your cake and creating detailed borders along the base and top edges and icing work along the sides.

We focused on the percolation zone because that's where we find the best record of Greenland melt going back through time in the form of the refrozen ice layers,» said Karina Graeter, the lead author of the study as a graduate student in Dartmouth's Department of Earth Sciences.

This constant flexing of Europa by Jupiter's immense gravity melts its interior in the same way it melts that of neighboring moon Io, in essence keeping the water ice layers in the interior of Europa in a liquid state that form a global underground ocean.

But unlike Io, Europa's interior does not feature a global magma ocean but a liquid water one, which lays beneath its few - dozen - kilometers - thick surface ice layer.

Shake all ingredients together in an ice - filled cocktail shaker; strain into a tumbler of crushed ice layered with frozen winter berries then top with a little more crushed ice.

Using an offset spatula, cover the entire cake in an initial crumb coat - this helps keep crumbs out of the final icing layer and does not need to be perfect, but try to make it as even and smooth as you can.

Snow melt and rain will cause many rivers and streams to rise, potentially breaking ice layers causing ice jams and localized flooding -LSB-...]

Snow melt and rain will cause many rivers and streams to rise, potentially breaking ice layers causing ice jams and localized flooding with water covered roads, especially in low lying areas and urban and poor drainage areas.

A team led by glaciologist Martin Siegert of the University of Bristol, United Kingdom, analyzed radar images of ice layers above Lake Vostok.

«In subsequent years, meltwater couldn't penetrate vertically through the solid ice layer, and instead drained along the ice sheet surface towards the ocean,» says William Colgan, assistant professor in the Department of Earth and Space Science and Engineering at York University in Toronto, Canada.

The team computed the Rayleigh number for the nitrogen ice layer, a mathematical term associated with the level of buoyancy - driven flow, or convection, and found it to be more than 10,000 times greater than the critical value needed for the onset of convection.

The topmost ice layer would have been «sterilized,» observes Karla Clark, NASA study manager for the Europa mission.

It was thought that the water quickly flowed between ice and rock and out to sea, with little impact on the bottom ice layers.

Researchers were surprised to find a 7,700 - square - mile piece (about the size of Wales) missing, but they theorized that it had moved over warmer ice layers until it collided with another plate and was forced beneath the surface, out of view.

The P - 3 Orion, based at NASA's Wallops Flight Facility in Virginia, will carry IceBridge's most comprehensive instrument suite: a scanning laser altimeter that measures surface elevation, three types of radar systems to study ice layers and the bedrock underneath the ice sheet, a high - resolution camera to create color maps of polar ice, and infrared cameras to measure surface temperatures of sea and land ice.

When these particles collide with the moon's surface, they break down the water molecules of the upper ice layer into oxygen and hydrogen, which in turn quickly recombine to form chemical compounds like hydrogen peroxide, which researchers believe could be playing an important role in the possible habitability of the underground ocean.

Thus, when CO2 condenses on the surface in winter, the air present in the porous near - subsurface is trapped between the impermeable permafrost layer below and the CO2 ice layer above.

Similarly, the textures are flatter and character models a little more angular (and when they turn to ice it's just blue rather than an actual ice layer), but Climax has still done an admirable job with this port.

Here's another statistic: If the CO2 in the atmosphere were to freeze out as dry ice depositing on the ground, the dry ice layer would only be about 7 millimeters thick.

Here's her blog post on witnessing the first surface melt event since 1889 (with a photo of the resulting ice layer).

Although the sea ice layer is more massive than the atmosphere, the clouds persist long enough in each storm episode to affect heat conduction through the snow and noticeably warm the sea ice while they are present.

This season, drilling «round the clock, the team hopes to reach the bottom of the brittle ice layer, but none of the brittle ice will be shipped this year; instead it will be stored in a deep trench on - site, giving it time to «relax» and become less fragile.

For example, ice cores taken in various locations around the world (Greenland and Antarctica, for example) are excellent proxies; gas bubbles containing CO2 trapped in ancient ice can be measured, and the age can be determined very accurately (by counting the seasonal ice layers, or measuring the isotope levels of oxygen).

Previous research by Box using ice cores — long cylinders drilled out of the ice sheet that let scientists sample hundreds of years of ice layers — showed that in the past, snowfall has increased over the ice sheet as temperatures have risen.

Hydrate in a one permafrost core [Dallimore and Collett, 1995] was reported below sealed ice layers.

«We focused on the percolation zone because that's where we find the best record of Greenland melt going back through time in the form of the refrozen ice layers.»

And a «lot of water» here means hundreds or thousands of Earth oceans's worth of water, completely covering the silicate mantle of the planets, most likely in hundreds of km - thick high - pressure water ice layers, below thick liquid oceans or high - pressure steam atmospheres.

«The Greenland ice sheet, which is up to 3000 + metres thick, is not «melting away», did not «melt in four days», it is not «melting fast», and Greenland did not «lose 97 per cent of its surface ice layer».»

Ice layered with cornstarch.

Using an offset spatula, cover the entire cake in an initial crumb coat — this helps keep crumbs out of the final icing layer and does not need to be perfect, but try to make it as even and smooth as you can.

In the percolation zone, when warm temperatures melt the snow on the surface, the melt water trickles down into the deeper snow and then refreezes into ice layers.

The team used changes in dust levels and stable water isotopes in the annual ice layers of the two - mile - long Greenland ice core, which was hauled from the massive ice sheet between 1998 to 2004, to chart past temperature and precipitation swings.

Impact craters at many latitudes sometimes expose thin ice layers a foot or so beneath Mars» surface.132 «At polar latitudes, as much as 50 percent of the upper meter of soil may be [water] ice.»