Ice retreat depends strongly on the amount of solar heating of the surface ice and ocean; clear sky conditions early in the melt season can go a long ways towards helping
ice retreat later in the season, so this is one of the variables that will be monitored closely (e.g., in the Barrow coastal sea ice break - up forecast, see below).
In the Alaska Arctic sector (Bering, Chukchi and Beaufort Sea), ice retreat in the summer of 2008 progressed somewhat less rapidly over the months of June and July than in 2007, although
ice retreat late in the season rivaled or exceeded that of 2007.
Not exact matches
The Clovis tools were the product of a second group, who came in through Alaska and Canada
later, after the
ice had
retreated.
Twelve thousand years ago, the great
ice sheets
retreated at the beginning of the
latest interglacial — the Flandrian — allowing humans to return to northern latitudes.
When the climate warmed in the
late 1800s, it triggered the
retreat phase of the tidewater glacier cycle as warm ocean water melted the
ice.
In the
late 1800s,
retreating glaciers throughout the Alps marked the end of a centuries - long cold spell that climatologists have dubbed the Little
Ice Age.
Flow and
retreat of the
Late Quaternary Pine Island - Thwaites palaeo -
ice stream, West Antarctica.
The 14C Record of
Late Pleistocene
ice advance and
retreat in the central Ross Sea, Antarctica.
When Jerome, a young artist on a remote island
retreat, discovers the old man's body frozen in the
ice later that winter, the rich narrative tapestry of A Map of Glass begins.
There's also new analysis by a team from the Naval Postgraduate school, led by Wieslaw Maslowski, pointing to a complete
late - summer
retreat of Arctic Ocean sea
ice by the end of this decade and possibly 2016.
For the
latest forecasts of this summer's Arctic
ice retreat, have a look at Sea Ice Outlook 2009, an effort to collate and compare a variety of studies aiming to project the minimum ice extent each summ
ice retreat, have a look at Sea
Ice Outlook 2009, an effort to collate and compare a variety of studies aiming to project the minimum ice extent each summ
Ice Outlook 2009, an effort to collate and compare a variety of studies aiming to project the minimum
ice extent each summ
ice extent each summer.
[Andy Revkin — On Arctic
ice trends, I have a post coming shortly on the
latest update from the world's leading teams of sea
ice experts, showing this year's
retreat is unlikely to match last year's, while the long - term trend is still heading toward ever less summer
ice.
[UPDATE, 5/20: Natalie Angier has written a nice column on the relatively unheralded walrus, which — like the far more charismatic polar bear — is having a hard time as Arctic sea
ice retreats earlier and farther each spring and summer and forms
later in the boreal fall.
I've freshly canvassed more than a dozen sea -
ice experts to get their
latest views on whether the remarkable Arctic
ice retreat of last summer will be matched this year.
Arctic Ocean
Ice The latest summary of experts» projections for this summer's retreat of sea ice on the Arctic Ocean is out, and — partly because of different weather patterns than last year — the consensus for the moment is that the remarkable ice loss in 2007 will not be matched this ye
Ice The
latest summary of experts» projections for this summer's
retreat of sea
ice on the Arctic Ocean is out, and — partly because of different weather patterns than last year — the consensus for the moment is that the remarkable ice loss in 2007 will not be matched this ye
ice on the Arctic Ocean is out, and — partly because of different weather patterns than last year — the consensus for the moment is that the remarkable
ice loss in 2007 will not be matched this ye
ice loss in 2007 will not be matched this year.
As expected from my 2002 paper, the low A.O. conditions of
late have sequestered quite a bit of sea
ice the Arctic, which should foster a more moderate
retreat of sea
ice extent this coming spring, summer and fall.
Air pressure changes, allergies increase, Alps melting, anxiety, aggressive polar bears, algal blooms, Asthma, avalanches, billions of deaths, blackbirds stop singing, blizzards, blue mussels return, boredom, budget increases, building season extension, bushfires, business opportunities, business risks, butterflies move north, cannibalistic polar bears, cardiac arrest, Cholera, civil unrest, cloud increase, cloud stripping, methane emissions from plants, cold spells (Australia), computer models, conferences, coral bleaching, coral reefs grow, coral reefs shrink, cold spells, crumbling roads, buildings and sewage systems, damages equivalent to $ 200 billion, Dengue hemorrhagic fever, dermatitis, desert advance, desert life threatened, desert
retreat, destruction of the environment, diarrhoea, disappearance of coastal cities, disaster for wine industry (US), Dolomites collapse, drought, drowning people, drowning polar bears, ducks and geese decline, dust bowl in the corn belt, early spring, earlier pollen season, earthquakes, Earth light dimming, Earth slowing down, Earth spinning out of control, Earth wobbling, El Nià ± o intensification, erosion, emerging infections, encephalitis,, Everest shrinking, evolution accelerating, expansion of university climate groups, extinctions (ladybirds, pandas, pikas, polar bears, gorillas, whales, frogs, toads, turtles, orang - utan, elephants, tigers, plants, salmon, trout, wild flowers, woodlice, penguins, a million species, half of all animal and plant species), experts muzzled, extreme changes to California, famine, farmers go under, figurehead sacked, fish catches drop, fish catches rise, fish stocks decline, five million illnesses, floods, Florida economic decline, food poisoning, footpath erosion, forest decline, forest expansion, frosts, fungi invasion, Garden of Eden wilts, glacial
retreat, glacial growth, global cooling, glowing clouds, Gore omnipresence, Great Lakes drop, greening of the North, Gulf Stream failure, Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, harvest increase, harvest shrinkage, hay fever epidemic, heat waves, hibernation ends too soon, hibernation ends too
late, human fertility reduced, human health improvement, hurricanes, hydropower problems, hyperthermia deaths,
ice sheet growth,
ice sheet shrinkage, inclement weather, Inuit displacement, insurance premium rises, invasion of midges, islands sinking, itchier poison ivy, jellyfish explosion, Kew Gardens taxed, krill decline, landslides, landslides of
ice at 140 mph, lawsuits increase, lawyers» income increased (surprise surprise!)
The
latest movie movie (5) shows the rapid
retreat of arctic sea
ice in summer 2007 and 2008.
On a related subject, the
latest research about a very fast
retreat of Arctic sea
ice, which would in turn tend to heat things up for the Greenland
ice, seems also too
late for inclusion.
The vertical movements that occurred during
retreat of the
ice sheets in
late glacial time are very much more complex than during postglacial time.
And remember, the satellite data are one small part of a vast amount of data that overwhelmingly show our planet is warming up:
retreating glaciers, huge amounts of
ice melting at both poles, the «death spiral» of arctic
ice every year at the summer minimum over time, earlier annual starts of warm weather and
later starts of cold weather, warming oceans, rising sea levels, ocean acidification, more extreme weather, changing weather patterns overall, earlier snow melts, and lower snow cover in the spring...
As researchers documented in this graph, the region had experienced increasing precipitation during the Little
Ice Age, followed by a sharp drying trend that began in the
late 1700s, which triggered Kilimanjaro's
retreat long before CO2 ever reached significant concentrations.
We still anticipate some
retreat of the second - year
ice (light blue in Figure 6) in the central Arctic and persistence of the older
ice into
late summer.
Comparing the
latest ice age data from Maslanik and Fowler (see Maslanik contribution) for 21 June 2010 (Figure 6) to current (20 July)
ice extent data shows that the
ice edge has
retreated back to the boundary between first - year and multi-year
ice pack in the eastern Arctic and in the Beaufort and Chukchi seas.
THERE HAS BEEN A WARMING TREND FROM THE 70s THRU THE
LATE 90s,... accompanied by other changes tied to a warming trend (record low arctic sea
ice extent & thickness,
retreating glaciers,
retreating snow lines, warming ocean surface temps, increases in sea height, de-alkalinizing oceans).
The
retreat of glaciers in the tropical Andes mountains, with some fluctuations, started after the Little
Ice Age (16th to 19th centuries), but the rate of
retreat (area reduction between 20 - 50 %) has accelerated since the
late 1970s.
We compared 23,000 days of observations in those records with
late twentieth - century observations, and concluded that the extent of the sea
ice at the end of winter was pretty much the same in the nineteenth and
late twentieth century, but that the end - of - summer Arctic sea
ice retreat is greater today than it was then.
Subsequent insolation - driven cooling caused GIS margin readvance to
late Holocene maxima, from which
ice margins are now
retreating.
The
ice retreat in the East Siberian Sea will be
late compared with the last year because the area is covered by thicker
ice piled up by the winter convergence of sea
ice.
Zhang's ensemble simulations of the area (see Figure 2) suggest, however, that a navigation channel is likely to open
later in the season and July Report indicates slightly higher
ice retreat than the June Report.
Another indication that the Arctic sea
ice retreat is a «regional event» is that
late - summer Antarctic sea extent has been growing (at a slower rate than the Arctic sea
ice retreat).
1955 Richard F. Flint, «Rates of Advance and
Retreat of the Margin of the
Late - Wisconsin
Ice Sheet.»