Sentences with phrase «ice seasonal cycle»

Not exact matches

The ice floating on top of the Arctic Ocean and surrounding seas shrinks in a seasonal cycle from mid-March until mid-September.

«More nitrogen has to come from somewhere to resupply both the nitrogen ice that is moving around Pluto's surface in seasonal cycles, and the nitrogen that is escaping off the top of the atmosphere as the result of heating by ultraviolet light from the Sun,» said Singer.

In some sense, the search for a theory of glacial - interglacial cycles amounts to a search for the «rectifier» which turns the modulation of the amplitude of the seasonal forcing into a rectified signal in global ice volume.

The extent of Arctic sea ice reached the maximum area of its seasonal cycle on March 7th coming in at 14.42 million km2.

According to the standard story, the recent ice age cycles only set in in the Pleistocene because you need ice to amplify the rather small Milankovic forcing and to rectify the seasonal forcing modulations into a long - term signal.

Although the primary driver of glacial — interglacial cycles lies in the seasonal and latitudinal distribution of incoming solar energy driven by changes in the geometry of the Earth's orbit around the Sun («orbital forcing»), reconstructions and simulations together show that the full magnitude of glacial — interglacial temperature and ice volume changes can not be explained without accounting for changes in atmospheric CO2 content and the associated climate feedbacks.

, then at the seasonal cycle (what does the sea ice advance and retreat look like?

However if we have a similar profile of volume loss as in the preceding two years then random variability looks very unlikely and I'll be veering to the following viewpoint — that something new and radical has happened in the seasonal cycle of sea - ice loss, a new factor that in principle could have the power to make a virtually sea ice free state in September plausible this decade.

Without any land, the effects of seasonal cycles are reduced and it is also harder to build up a thick ice sheet (the basal lubrication of sea ice being large).

Third, the ice core data how conclusively that, during natural climate cycling, changes in temperature precede changes in carbon dioxide by an average 800 years or so (Fischer et al, 1999; Indermuhle et al, 2000; Mudelsee, 2001; Caillon et al, 2003); similarly, temperature change precedes carbon dioxide change, in this case by five months, during annual seasonal cycling (Kuo, Lindberg and Thomson, 1990).

We also make use of two lengthy control simulations conducted with CESM1 under constant 1850 radiative conditions: a 2200 - year control run using the fully - coupled configuration (hereafter termed the «coupled control run»), and a 2600 - year control run using only the atmospheric model component coupled to the land model component from CESM1 with a specified repeating seasonal cycle of sea surface temperatures (SSTs) and sea ice conditions taken from the long - term climatology of the fully - coupled control run (hereafter termed the «atmospheric control run»).

CAS = Commission for Atmospheric Sciences CMDP = Climate Metrics and Diagnostic Panel CMIP = Coupled Model Intercomparison Project DAOS = Working Group on Data Assimilation and Observing Systems GASS = Global Atmospheric System Studies panel GEWEX = Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment GLASS = Global Land - Atmosphere System Studies panel GOV = Global Ocean Data Assimilation Experiment (GODAE) Ocean View JWGFVR = Joint Working Group on Forecast Verification Research MJO - TF = Madden - Julian Oscillation Task Force PDEF = Working Group on Predictability, Dynamics and Ensemble Forecasting PPP = Polar Prediction Project QPF = Quantitative precipitation forecast S2S = Subseasonal to Seasonal Prediction Project SPARC = Stratospheric Processes and their Role in Climate TC = Tropical cyclone WCRP = World Climate Research Programme WCRP Grand Science Challenges • Climate Extremes • Clouds, Circulation and Climate Sensitivity • Melting Ice and Global Consequences • Regional Sea - Ice Change and Coastal Impacts • Water Availability WCRP JSC = Joint Scientific Committee WGCM = Working Group on Coupled Modelling WGSIP = Working Group on Subseasonal to Interdecadal Prediction WWRP = World Weather Research Programme YOPP = Year of Polar Prediction

Although the time resolution of old air locked in ice cores is not enough to preserve seasonal cycles, there is no doubt that the seasonal cycle, which is mostly caused by photosynthesis and respiration of ecosystems on land, was similar to what we observe today.

A number of techniques have been employed to sub-set or recalibrate these projections based on different aspects of the observed ice cover, including the mean and / or seasonal cycle of ice extent (e.g., Stroeve et al., 2007, 2012a; Wang and Overland, 2009, 2012), historical ice cover trends (Boe et al., 2009), and ice volume and thin ice area (Massonnet et al., 2012).

Arctic sea ice extent in September, the seasonal low point in the annual cycle, has been declining at a rate of 13.4 percent per decade.

But this instability tends to disappear when there is a substantial seasonal cycle in the ice, even in these simple models.

Our own model would say between 2040 and 2060, and it is fair to say that our view is that the earlier dates - in other words, the more pessimistic outlook for the Arctic - are associated with models that we believe are more credible, in terms of their capability to reproduce the observed seasonal cycle in sea ice extent, and also the variations in sea ice from year to year.

The loss of multi-year ice during 2007 has resulted in all the minima since then being well below normal, with a high amplitude seasonal cycle.

In some sense, the search for a theory of glacial - interglacial cycles amounts to a search for the «rectifier» which turns the modulation of the amplitude of the seasonal forcing into a rectified signal in global ice volume.

van den Broeke, M. R., C. J. P. P. Smeets, and R. S. W. van de Wal (2011), The seasonal cycle and interannual variability of surface energy balance and melt in the ablation zone of the west Greenland ice sheet, Cryosphere, 5, 377 — 390.