Sentences with phrase «ice sheets during»

The glaciers atop Gondwana extended to at least 45 ° S latitude, similar to the latitude reached by Northern Hemisphere ice sheets during the Pleistocene.

If you're curious, the source of the data used to make the drawing is «The Laurentide and Innuitian ice sheets during the Last Glacial Maximum»; by A.S. Dyke et.

To a first approximation, sea - level changes reflect the volume of ocean water bound in continental ice sheets during the ice ages.

Last Glacial Maximum (LGM)- The Last Glacial Maximum refers to the time of maximum extent of the ice sheets during the last glaciation, approximately 21 ka.

Warm ocean water existed south of Greenland, wedged between two major ice sheets during the last ice age.

Schematic illustration of Arctic sea ice cover and circum - Arctic ice sheets during MIS 6.

Early studies by geologists and glaciologists attempted to find a climate mechanism to explain the evidence of massive ice sheets during the recent Ice Age.

Indeed, if we closely look back at the map of the «rising» /» falling» tide gauges in Figure 8, we can see that some areas which would have been under or near the ice sheets during the glacial era show mostly «falling» trends (e.g., Fennoscandia in northern Europe, Alaska in US), while neighbouring areas show mostly «rising» trends (e.g., the parts of northern Europe south of Fennoscandia, northeastern North America).

The Last Glacial Maximum is a period when ice sheets during the last northern hemisphere ice age were at their highest extent.

Huybrechts, P., 2002: Sea - level changes at the LGM from ice - dynamics reconstructions of the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets during the glacial cycles.

New research shows that small fluctuations in the sizes of ice sheets during the last ice age were enough to trigger abrupt climate change.

One major influence is the slow rebound of crust that was weighed down by massive ice sheets during the last ice age that have since melted away.

For example, it says a sudden methane release from the ocean, or a slowdown of the Gulf Stream, are «very unlikely» and that a collapse of the West Antarctic or Greenland ice sheets during this century is «exceptionally unlikely.»

Some of the variation the researchers found likely dates back to isolation of different Hermit Thrushes populations by ice sheets during the Pleistocene era, while differences between the two western groups may relate to body size, with larger birds producing lower - frequency songs.

We do estimate that an area of hydrocarbon reserves twice the size of Russia was directly influenced by ice sheets during past glaciation.

That's because Schaefer and colleagues» data comes from a single point in the middle of Greenland, pointing to a range of possible scenarios of what happened in the past, including several that challenge the image of Greenland being continuously covered by an extensive ice sheet during the Pleistocene.

Research published in the July 2 issue of Nature reveals one reason our planet didn't succumb to an enveloping ice sheet during glacial ages.

Fortunately, the ice sheet over Greenland is much smaller than the ice sheet during the Ice Age and thus with less potential to seriously disturb the system.

Launched in January 2013, Planet Four is a Zooniverse citizen science project enlisting members of the general public to help study dark blotches and fans that appear on top of the Martian South Pole's thawing carbon dioxide ice sheet during the Southern Spring and Summer.

Anderson, J.B., Shipp, S.S., Lowe, A.L., Wellner, J.S., and Mosola, A.B., 2002, The Antarctic ice sheet during the last glacial maximum and its subsequent retreat history: a review, Quaternary Science Reviews.

Abstract: Using measurements of time - variable gravity from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment satellites, we determined mass variations of the Antarctic ice sheet during 2002 — 2005.

Presumably they have little to no shortwave albedo effect, but how significant is the downwelling infrared term (it's very dry) at either ice sheet during the dark months?

It was developed by scientists at CAGE — Centre for Arctic Gas Hydrate Environment and Climate, and shows that seafloor off Western Svalbard was covered by a large ice sheet during the last glaciation.

The Greenland Ice Sheet during the last glacial cycle: Current ice loss and contribution to sea - level rise from a palaeoclimatic perspective.

These satellite - derived maps show the extent of surface melt over Greenland's ice sheet during the summer of 2012...

Cook, Carys, Flierdt, Tina van de, Williams, Trevor, & et al. (2013) Dynamic behaviour of the East Antarctic ice sheet during Pliocene warmth.

Higher levels of sea salts favor reduction processes and thus GEM destruction in the snow interstitial air (30), but no long - term trends have been reported for sea salt impurities deposited on the Greenland ice sheet during the last century (33).

Dynamic behaviour of the East Antarctic ice sheet during Pliocene warmth.

1989 Wallace S. Broecker, et al., «Routing of Meltwater from the Laurentide Ice Sheet During the Younger Dryas Cold Episode.»

«The crater area was covered by a thick ice sheet during the last ice age, much as West Antarctica is today.

Not exact matches

Scientists may also become able to distinguish between different scenarios sooner by studying the physics of local ice - sheet changes and refining reconstructions of changes during warm periods in geological history.

The only current ice sheets are Antarctic and Greenland; during the last ice age at Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) the Laurentide ice sheet covered much of Canada and North America, the Weichselian ice sheet covered northern Europe and the Patagonian Ice Sheet covered southern South Ameriice sheets are Antarctic and Greenland; during the last ice age at Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) the Laurentide ice sheet covered much of Canada and North America, the Weichselian ice sheet covered northern Europe and the Patagonian Ice Sheet covered southern South Ameriice age at Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) the Laurentide ice sheet covered much of Canada and North America, the Weichselian ice sheet covered northern Europe and the Patagonian Ice Sheet covered southern South Ameriice sheet covered much of Canada and North America, the Weichselian ice sheet covered northern Europe and the Patagonian Ice Sheet covered southern South Amesheet covered much of Canada and North America, the Weichselian ice sheet covered northern Europe and the Patagonian Ice Sheet covered southern South Ameriice sheet covered northern Europe and the Patagonian Ice Sheet covered southern South Amesheet covered northern Europe and the Patagonian Ice Sheet covered southern South AmeriIce Sheet covered southern South AmeSheet covered southern South America.

Today's red deer, which recolonized Europe after the ice sheet melted about 12,000 years ago, fall into three or four distinct lineages that likely correspond to separate southern regions to which the deer had retreated during the height of the ice age, Stanton says.

Clow measured twice, once in 2011 and again in 2014, the temperature in a 3.4 - kilometer - deep (2 - mile - deep) borehole from which the West Antarctic Sheet Divide ice core had been drilled during an eight - year project that ended in 2011.

A recent study by Robert Kopp at Princeton University (Nature, DOI: 10.1038 / nature08686) suggests sea levels were 8 to 9 metres higher than now during the last interglacial, in part due to the west Antarctic ice sheet melting.

Many of the glaciers that jut out into the ocean are thinning, but whether the ice sheet itself has remained stable and intact, even during warm interglacial periods, is a matter of considerable debate.

Until recently, that was also true of the ice sheet's past: Scientists have long debated whether it might have shrunk away to nothing during Earth's warmest periods.

By contrast, during the last ice age, hundreds of comparatively smaller icebergs broke free of the Antarctic Ice Sheet and drifted into Pine Island Bice age, hundreds of comparatively smaller icebergs broke free of the Antarctic Ice Sheet and drifted into Pine Island BIce Sheet and drifted into Pine Island Bay.

During that time, temperatures were less than 1 °C warmer than they are today, but sea level stood about 5 to 9 meters higher due to large - scale ice sheet melt.

Greenland's ice sheet has been losing mass during the past two decades, a phenomenon accelerated by warming temperatures.

Their field - based data also suggest that during major climate cool - downs in the past several million years, the ice sheet expanded into previously ice - free areas, «showing that the ice sheet in East Greenland responds to and tracks global climate change,» Bierman says.

The other study in Nature — led by Joerg Schaefer of Lamont - Doherty Earth Observatory and Columbia University, and colleagues — looked at a small sample of bedrock from one location beneath the middle of the existing ice sheet and came to what appears to be a different conclusion: Greenland was nearly ice - free for at least 280,000 years during the middle Pleistocene — about 1.1 million years ago.

Nevertheless, some scientists claim that ratios of oxygen isotopes in marine fossils from the east coast of the US indicate that the Antarctic ice sheet melted at least partially during the Pliocene.

Some researchers say that the ice sheet must have melted during the Pliocene, allowing trees to cover the mountains and diatoms to thrive in the seas.

So parts of these ice sheets, but not all, must have melted during the long - ago warm period.

To get these findings, a NASA - funded team led by Laurence Smith, chair of the geography department at UCLA, spent six days on the ice during July 2012 — directly after a record - setting ice sheet melt.

Camp Century, a United States military base built within the Greenland ice sheet in 1959, doubled as a top - secret site for testing the feasibility of deploying nuclear missiles from the Arctic during the Cold War.

«What we found was that during most of the deglaciation, the surface mass balance of the Laurentide Ice Sheet was generally positive,» Ullman said.

A new study has found that the massive Laurentide ice sheet that covered Canada during the last ice age initially began shrinking through calving of icebergs, and then abruptly shifted into a new regime where melting on the continent took precedence, ultimately leading to the sheet's demise.

Better estimates of Pliocene sea levels will help geologists know how much of the ice sheets melted during that balmy era, Dowsett says, which may give us a glimpse of our own climate future.