Sentences with phrase «ice thickness as»

And scientists from NASA recently flew a series of missions over the Arctic during the IceBridge project, to study details of Arctic sea ice thickness as well as changing glaciers in Greenland.

That means only surface ice and does not include perennial ice and ice thickness as an ice extent chart does include.

It's a shame that The winter temperatures were not discussed in more detail as clearly a factor in Ice thickness as well as extent are winter temperatures.

Try ice thickness as measured by submarine, note the non linear time axis.

Not exact matches

As with any icing, thickness is really up to your preference.

The cores, some as long as 100 - feet, were transported to Dartmouth where the research team used a light table to measure the thickness and frequency of the ice layers.

The thickness of the ice, and its overall volume, may be a more important measure of what is happening in the Arctic over the long term, even though it is not as simple to measure, said Overland.

But, as the thickness of the ice over the volcano (between 100 and 400 meters) and the volume of lava are both unknown, it's also unclear whether an eruption will break through the ice, or whether it will remain subglacial.

However, the discovery in 2015 of an oscillation in Enceladus's rotation known as a libration, which is linked to tidal effects, suggests that it has a global ocean and a much thinner ice shell than predicted, with a mean thickness of around 20 km.

AWI researchers observed a considerable decrease in the thickness of the sea ice as early as the late summer of 2015, even though the overall ice covered area of the September minimum ultimately exceeded the record low of 2012 by approximately one million square kilometres.

Ingeniously beating swords into ploughshares, Australian scientists have adapted an ageing British torpedo to measure the thickness of the Antarctic ice shelf as it zips along under the ice.

For their work Maksym and co-investigators Guy Williams from the University of Hobart, Tasmania and Jeremy Wilkinson of the British Antarctic Survey in Cambridge, UK, used a robot known as an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) to cruise under ice in three regions near the coast and measure the thickness directly over a much larger area.

Hu's experiments, for example, show everything from the thickness of ice as it flows over a wing, the heat transfer of individual water droplets as they freeze, the irregular speed of freezing droplets on a wing or blade and the finger - like patterns of ice formation.

Using all available geologic, tectonic and geothermal heat flux data for Greenland — along with geothermal heat flux data from around the globe — the team deployed a machine learning approach that predicts geothermal heat flux values under the ice sheet throughout Greenland based on 22 geologic variables such as bedrock topography, crustal thickness, magnetic anomalies, rock types and proximity to features like trenches, ridges, young rifts, volcanoes and hot spots.

In this way, an analysis can be made as to what happens when the researchers «play» with the basic ingredients of the ice cream: cream, egg yolk, sugar, milk and thickening agents like gums or hydrocolloids, macromolecules that give the product thickness and stability.

Unlike the Arctic, there is no long - term submarine record of ice thickness — but with the warming Southern Ocean, it seems likely that that has been going on as well.

As significant uncertainties about the thickness of the surface ice still exist, some planetary scientists have identified two possible mechanisms for how possible volcanic heat can escape to the surface from Europa's rocky mantle and be carried upward by buoyant oceanic currents.

A new study led by Scripps Institution of Oceanography at UC San Diego researchers has revealed that the thickness of Antarctica's floating ice shelves has recently decreased by as much as 18 percent in certain areas over...

«Soil thickness, ice presence and depth, atmospheric circulation, and sunshine can explain the current difference in the amount of water in the soil of different regions,» as IFL Science reports.

I know that, such as East Antarctica, which ice sheet's thickness could reach several kilometers therefore huge pressure and geothermal flux results in melting, then the subglacial lakes and water channels.

In order to test their hypothesis, the researchers would need more data regarding the eccentricity of Charon's orbit, as well as the interior structure of Pluto and Charon and in particular the thickness, strength, and viscosity of the latter's underground ice shell, which are currently unavailable.

Ten to twenty centimeters of SLR will have the same effect on the grounding line as one to two meters of ice thickness reduction.

And yet most of the multi-year ice has already disappeared, and ice thickness continues to drop, as best as we can tell.

Regarding my # 74: On sea ice thickness, here is an unreviewed but sensible discussion / analysis of Arctic sea ice volume and thickness as modeled by PIOMAS.

To achieve desired thickness, add additional milk and / or add ice cubes as needed.

However, sea ice then grows very rapidly, since the growth rate for thin ice is much higher than for thick ice, which acts as a negative feedback on thickness during the growth season (Bitz and Roe, 2004; Notz, 2009).

So unless the perimeter of the Greenland ice sheet is the exact same thickness as the entire ice sheet (say 3 km on average), an area loss there, of 15 %, will produce a much smaller % volume loss, than say if this area loss were smack dab in the middle of the Greenland ice sheet.

This depends upon both the thickness of the ice, as well as the depression below sea level.

We see another intrepid group, walking to the pole, «Tweeting» as they go, telling us they're measuring the thickness of the ice, whuic has never been done before.

Less is known about southwest Greenland glaciers due to a lack of ice thickness data but the glaciers have accelerated there as well and are likely to be strongly out of balance despite thickening of the interior.

The sea ice component represents sea ice in multiple categories of thickness and accounts for changes in thickness due to growth and melt as well as mechanical deformation of ice (Thorndike et al. 1975, Hibler 1980).

As a Dot Earth commenter pointed out today, the albedo amplification also is a function of ice area far more than thickness.

As I understand, it attempts to estimate ice area, thickness and volume.

Instead, a rather casual article in the Independent showed the latest thickness data and that quoted Mark Serreze as saying that the area around the North Pole had 50/50 odds of being completely ice free this summer, has taken off across the media.

However, the grounding line of ice of the thickness of PIG is not as responsive as say the thin ice at the margin of Petermann Glacier in Greenland or Wilkins Ice Sheice of the thickness of PIG is not as responsive as say the thin ice at the margin of Petermann Glacier in Greenland or Wilkins Ice Sheice at the margin of Petermann Glacier in Greenland or Wilkins Ice SheIce Shelf.

One spot may be like winter with strange looking sublimated or jagged snow (as with the NOAA picture), the other very wet with water pools everywhere, nothing is uniform, everything depends on everything else, ice thickness for example, the NOAA webcam shows a very small area, most likely chosen for its thickness (they do nt put things on thin ice).

Of course, nowhere in that article was the thickness of the ice mentioned, and as we all know (except maybe you, if I can give you the benefit of the doubt — NOT), the ice is now quite thin.

The team, which Marc led and provided the logistical support for, deployed from Resolute to Nord Greenland before setting up a rustic field camp on the sea ice for six days, during which time we mechanically drilled the ice to measure thickness, measuring snow depth in a grid pattern along the flight lines as well as dragging instruments along the surface that produced the same measurements for comparison to the airborne data.

And variations in the thickness and extent of sea ice cloaking the Arctic Ocean are driven by yet another set of complicating factors, ranging from long - term shifts in atmospheric pressure patterns to events as close - focus as the potent Arctic superstorm I reported on earlier this month.

Canadian Ice Service, 4.7, Multiple Methods As with CIS contributions in June 2009, 2010, and 2011, the 2012 forecast was derived using a combination of three methods: 1) a qualitative heuristic method based on observed end - of - winter arctic ice thicknesses and extents, as well as an examination of Surface Air Temperature (SAT), Sea Level Pressure (SLP) and vector wind anomaly patterns and trends; 2) an experimental Optimal Filtering Based (OFB) Model, which uses an optimal linear data filter to extrapolate NSIDC's September Arctic Ice Extent time series into the future; and 3) an experimental Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) prediction system that tests ocean, atmosphere and sea ice predictoIce Service, 4.7, Multiple Methods As with CIS contributions in June 2009, 2010, and 2011, the 2012 forecast was derived using a combination of three methods: 1) a qualitative heuristic method based on observed end - of - winter arctic ice thicknesses and extents, as well as an examination of Surface Air Temperature (SAT), Sea Level Pressure (SLP) and vector wind anomaly patterns and trends; 2) an experimental Optimal Filtering Based (OFB) Model, which uses an optimal linear data filter to extrapolate NSIDC's September Arctic Ice Extent time series into the future; and 3) an experimental Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) prediction system that tests ocean, atmosphere and sea ice predictorAs with CIS contributions in June 2009, 2010, and 2011, the 2012 forecast was derived using a combination of three methods: 1) a qualitative heuristic method based on observed end - of - winter arctic ice thicknesses and extents, as well as an examination of Surface Air Temperature (SAT), Sea Level Pressure (SLP) and vector wind anomaly patterns and trends; 2) an experimental Optimal Filtering Based (OFB) Model, which uses an optimal linear data filter to extrapolate NSIDC's September Arctic Ice Extent time series into the future; and 3) an experimental Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) prediction system that tests ocean, atmosphere and sea ice predictoice thicknesses and extents, as well as an examination of Surface Air Temperature (SAT), Sea Level Pressure (SLP) and vector wind anomaly patterns and trends; 2) an experimental Optimal Filtering Based (OFB) Model, which uses an optimal linear data filter to extrapolate NSIDC's September Arctic Ice Extent time series into the future; and 3) an experimental Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) prediction system that tests ocean, atmosphere and sea ice predictoras well as an examination of Surface Air Temperature (SAT), Sea Level Pressure (SLP) and vector wind anomaly patterns and trends; 2) an experimental Optimal Filtering Based (OFB) Model, which uses an optimal linear data filter to extrapolate NSIDC's September Arctic Ice Extent time series into the future; and 3) an experimental Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) prediction system that tests ocean, atmosphere and sea ice predictoras an examination of Surface Air Temperature (SAT), Sea Level Pressure (SLP) and vector wind anomaly patterns and trends; 2) an experimental Optimal Filtering Based (OFB) Model, which uses an optimal linear data filter to extrapolate NSIDC's September Arctic Ice Extent time series into the future; and 3) an experimental Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) prediction system that tests ocean, atmosphere and sea ice predictoIce Extent time series into the future; and 3) an experimental Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) prediction system that tests ocean, atmosphere and sea ice predictoice predictors.

Canadian Ice Service, 4.7 (+ / - 0.2), Heuristic / Statistical (same as June) The 2015 forecast was derived by considering a combination of methods: 1) a qualitative heuristic method based on observed end - of - winter Arctic ice thickness extents, as well as winter Surface Air Temperature, Sea Level Pressure and vector wind anomaly patterns and trends; 2) a simple statistical method, Optimal Filtering Based Model (OFBM), that uses an optimal linear data filter to extrapolate the September sea ice extent timeseries into the future and 3) a Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) prediction system that tests ocean, atmosphere and sea ice predictoIce Service, 4.7 (+ / - 0.2), Heuristic / Statistical (same as June) The 2015 forecast was derived by considering a combination of methods: 1) a qualitative heuristic method based on observed end - of - winter Arctic ice thickness extents, as well as winter Surface Air Temperature, Sea Level Pressure and vector wind anomaly patterns and trends; 2) a simple statistical method, Optimal Filtering Based Model (OFBM), that uses an optimal linear data filter to extrapolate the September sea ice extent timeseries into the future and 3) a Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) prediction system that tests ocean, atmosphere and sea ice predictoice thickness extents, as well as winter Surface Air Temperature, Sea Level Pressure and vector wind anomaly patterns and trends; 2) a simple statistical method, Optimal Filtering Based Model (OFBM), that uses an optimal linear data filter to extrapolate the September sea ice extent timeseries into the future and 3) a Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) prediction system that tests ocean, atmosphere and sea ice predictoice extent timeseries into the future and 3) a Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) prediction system that tests ocean, atmosphere and sea ice predictoice predictors.

Hunters in the region have had to traverse thin, unstable ice as reflected in ice thickness surveys along trails in the Barrow region.

According to the second study, which measured changes in the thickness and height of ice using radar and laser altimetry instruments flown as part of NASA's Operation IceBridge campaign, the glacier lost between 984 and 1,607 feet in thickness from 2002 to 2009.

(Right) Extents and thicknesses of the Greenland Ice Sheet and western Canadian and Iceland glaciers at their minimum extent during the last interglacial, shown as a multi-model average from three ice modeIce Sheet and western Canadian and Iceland glaciers at their minimum extent during the last interglacial, shown as a multi-model average from three ice modeice models.

«We probably haven't seen a winter this bad as far as ice for the past 25 years,» said Voight, referring to both the amount and thickness of the ice.

Currently, the NASA IceBridge mission supplies both sea ice thickness and snow depth measurements in spring, providing timely information on the state of the ice cover as the melt season begins.

Scientists from the University of Erlangen - Nuremberg Institute of Geography and from the Laboratoire de Glaciologie et Gophysique de l'Environnement in Grenoble, France, used radar data from satellites such as ESA's Envisat and observations of ice thickness from airborne surveys in a complex model to demonstrate, for the first time, how the buttressing role of the ice shelves is being compromised as the shelves decline.

Radar ice - thickness estimates of the Arctic Sea ice showed that it had been thinning for years, just as they had also shown that the northern coastal glaciers of Greenland were thinning.

An editorial in The Time magazine on June 24, 1974, quoted concerned scientists as voicing alarm over the atmosphere «growing gradually cooler for the past three decades», «the unexpected persistence and thickness of pack ice in the waters around Iceland,» and other harbingers of an ice age that could prove «catastrophic.»

In addition, Sentinel - 3B will as well measure sea ice thickness and significant wave heights, the latter will be assimilated into MET Norway's wave forecast model, also a contribution to the Copernicus Marine Services.