Thus the extra CO2 comes from the oceans, not from the ice and may or may not have helped to melt the ice (which I doubt)... But anyway there is little influence of
the ice volume on the CO2 levels in the atmosphere, either direction.
Our simple scaling approximation implicitly assumes that ice sheets are sufficiently responsive to climate change that hysteresis is not a dominant effect; in other words,
ice volume on millennial time scales is a function of temperature and does not depend much on whether the Earth is in a warming or cooling phase.
They found that 2017 tied 2012 for the lowest measured Arctic sea
ice volume on record, though 2012 remains the year with the lowest summer minimum volume.
This warm period, much like the roman and medieval warm periods, will bump against the upper bound, opening the Arctic and creating massive snows that will bump it down again until
the ice volume on land becomes massive enough to advance and cool us again.
when oceans are warm and wet it snows and increases
ice volume on earth.
When earth needs cooling, it removes polar ice and turns on snowfall and builds
ice volume on land that then advances
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The melting of a rather small
ice volume on East Antarctica's shore could trigger a persistent ice discharge into the ocean, resulting in unstoppable sea - level rise for thousands of years to come.
Not exact matches
This requires no such nerve - wracking processes; it is literally as easy as boiling water for the first hour or so, and then you'll keep an eye
on it and stir it regularly until it is just a slip of its original
volume, intense magnification of the original taste, and oh so gooey
on a crepe (filled with fresh banana and mango, here),
on ice cream or
on a spoon.
Response to Comment
on «Deep - Sea Temperature and
Ice Volume Changes Across the Pliocene - Pleistocene Climate Transitions»
So, what tourism is impacting and actually what climate change is impacting is a relatively very small piece of that peninsula; but you know the impact
on the peninsula if all that
ice melts could be huge; when they talk about sea levels rising, you know, by inches and feet, you know if that
ice along the peninsula melts they will add to the
volume of the sea very quickly.
Building
on this study, the team intend to produce a new reconstruction of global
ice volume across the last glacial cycle, which will help to validate their proposition that certain boundaries can define windows of instability within the climate system.
But the large
volumes of data
on Arctic sea and land
ice that IceBridge has collected during its nine years of operations there have also enabled scientific discoveries ranging from the first map showing what parts of the bottom of the massive Greenland Ice Sheet are thawed to improvements in snowfall accumulation models for all of Greenla
ice that IceBridge has collected during its nine years of operations there have also enabled scientific discoveries ranging from the first map showing what parts of the bottom of the massive Greenland
Ice Sheet are thawed to improvements in snowfall accumulation models for all of Greenla
Ice Sheet are thawed to improvements in snowfall accumulation models for all of Greenland.
What is alarming is that the
volume of water and the extent and rapidity of its movement is suprisingly much greater than previously believed, and that a possible, perhaps likely, effect of this
on ice sheet dynamics is to make the
ice sheets less stable and more likely to respond more quickly to global warming than previously expected.
On November 16, 2011, scientists announced that data from NASA's Galileo probe (which operated from 1989 to 2003) appear to reveal at least two bodies of liquid water the
volume of the North America's Great Lakes underneath the surface
ice of Europa.
Anderson, J.B., Shipp, S.S., Bartek, L.R., and Reid, D.E., 1992, Evidence for a grounded
ice sheet
on the Ross Sea continental shelf during the late Pleistocene and preliminary paleodrainage reconstruction: in Elliot, D.H. ed., Contributions to Antarctic Research III, Antarctic Research Series,
Volume 57, American Geophysical Union, Washington, D.C., p. 39 - 62.
According to the latest Piomas data, a combination of the smallest sea
ice extent and the second - thinnest
ice cover
on record puts total
volume of sea
ice in November 2016 at a record low for this time of year.
Even though the annual minimum usually happens in mid-September,
ice had already reached its 5th - lowest annual
volume on record at the end August.
The authors of a new study reviewing the
volume data, detailed
on Monday in the journal Nature Geoscience, are quick to caution, though, that one single year of rebound doesn't suggest any sea
ice recovery, as the overall trend is still downward.
Writing in Nature Climate Change, two scientists from the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK) say the melting of quite a small
volume of
ice on the East Antarctic shore could ultimately trigger a discharge of
ice into the ocean which would result in unstoppable sea - level rise for thousands of years ahead.
Regarding my # 74:
On sea
ice thickness, here is an unreviewed but sensible discussion / analysis of Arctic sea
ice volume and thickness as modeled by PIOMAS.
In the bowl of a stand mixer fitted with a paddle attachment, beat the Becel,
icing sugar and pure vanilla extract
on high speed until light and fluffy and doubled in
volume, about two minutes.
In the bowl of a stand mixer fitted with a paddle attachment, beat the Becel,
icing sugar and pure vanilla extract
on high speed until light and fluffy and doubled in
volume, about two minutes.
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Ice Age: Dawn of the Dinosaurs • Planet 51 Toy Story (Blu - ray + DVD) • Toy Story 2 (Blu - ray + DVD) • Night at the Museum • Night at the Museum: Battle of the Smithsonian (Blu - ray + DVD) Aqua Teen Hunger Force Colon Movie Film for Theaters • Home
on the Range • Renaissance • Teacher's Pet • Smurfs: Season One,
Volume One
Kevin's picks
on DVD this week: Ted, The Bourne Legacy, Futurama:
Volume 7,
Ice Age: Continental Drift and Miami Connection
«Eventually we'll move to a business of lower priced [NOOK] at higher
volume» he explained, as well as confirming that plans to sell off the NOOK division — which Microsoft was tipped to be interested in buying at one point — had been put
on ice for the moment, while the segment recovers.
- a lot of focus was put
on sound effects in order to immerse players in the world of Hyrule - the development team worked with Sound Racer, a studio specialized in sound effects - this studio also worked
on Xenoblade Chronicles X - they recorded more than 10 000 different sounds for the game - the team used a school bag to simulate the sound of rubbing leather - for the sound of «normal» footsteps, they mixed various kinds of sands - for the sounds of equipment, they had to search for various materials and find ways to use them - they used an actual block of
ice to recreate the sound of footsteps
on ice - with the
ice block, it always ended up melting, or getting cracks when the staff had to walk
on it - Link's footsteps were made by a woman - depending
on Link's actions and the equipment he's using / wearing, the recorded sounds were separated out individually - the
volume is changed as needed to make a particular sound stand out - check out sound effect samples here
However recently I've found myself wavering
on the issue of how fast we'll see a transition to a virtually sea
ice free state (less than 1M km ^ 2 off the Canadian Arctic Archipelago and the north of Greenland) and it's because of the PIOMAS
volume results.
So unless the perimeter of the Greenland
ice sheet is the exact same thickness as the entire
ice sheet (say 3 km
on average), an area loss there, of 15 %, will produce a much smaller %
volume loss, than say if this area loss were smack dab in the middle of the Greenland
ice sheet.
Extrapolating based
on date from 1980 to the present yields and estimate around the 2040 for zero September
ice volume while using an apparent steeper trend since 2000 yields an estimate around 2015 for the lower curve in fig. 1 or around 2020 using the upper curve as a guide.
Based
on their choice of time - shift rather than
volume shift to «correct» the models, I'd suspect that an assumption of lingering
ice is built into the models.
The
volume of grounded
ice on Earth is 2.934 x 10 ^ 16 m ^ 3.
42 Eric, data
on the
volume of
ice and potential sea level rise (pslr) associated with the various components are given in a table
on this page:
Since the
volume of
ice at risk under BAU is within a factor of two of the
volume of
ice at risk during a deglaciation under orbital forcing, while the forcing is much more rapidly applied under BAU, looking at sea level rise rates in the paleo - record might actually be considered a search for lower limits
on what to expect if reticence did not run so strongly in our approach.
To establish this uncertainty in the
ice -
volume record (Schweiger et al. 2011), we spent a significant effort drawing
on most types of available observations of
ice thickness thanks to a convenient compilation of
ice thickness data (Lindsay, 2010).
Polar bears, walruses, seals and sub-
ice algae and cod don't depend
on sea -
ice volume.
Given that thin
ice — as you explained — boosts heat transfer from ocean to air, is a focus
on ice volume as an indicator of the «health» of the system (for lack of a better word) a distraction?
Arctic sea
ice has been shrinking more rapidly, falling to its lowest
volume and second lowest area
on record during the 2011 summer melt season.
Volume gives us an idea
on how much freshwater is stored in Arctic sea
ice — an important element in the global - Arctic hydrological cycle, i.e., the cycle of distillation due to freezing, and subsequent export, and melt.
Our Tietsche, et al., 2011 paper basically shows that both extent and
volume can recover
on similar time scales after extreme loss events, in particular for the thin
ice that we have around nowadays.
Another possibility might be a slowing of deep circulation (not sure how much there is, mind), in which case the opposite occurs, and the surface waters heat up even faster, leading to yet more rapid surface melt, smaller winter
ice volumes and so
on.
Wili: As
ice volume decreases, the fraction of
volume which is new
ice increases, and hence the year to year variability in new
ice becomes a larger fraction of the total
ice volume variability, so I don't think the smoothed downward slope will stay as smooth, i.e. you should expect bigger surprises to the upside
on a given winter if it is cold and has heavy snow fall.
The buttresses of
ice frozen around Antarctica's edges, hundreds of meters thick in many cases, are also in the sea, but they can act like doorstops and — once moved out of the way — can allow huge
volumes of
ice on the continent (in theory) to move toward the sea more easily.
In any event, the
ice volume series clearly is not based solely
on observations, as is the
ice extent series.
At face value their numbers suggest the Arctic will be left with an extensive cover (> 4 million km ^ 2) of
ice but only a small
volume (< 2 million km ^ 3): i.e.
on average the
ice will be less than half a metre thick.
The fact that
ice volume has a large positive coefficient
on the lagged dependent variable (with differenced variables) means that something screwy is going
on.
Thus the sea
ice volume will not fall straight to zero
on the PIOMAS graph, but curve round to the right.
If you're not refuting the
volume analysis, then I can't see how you can say focusing
on ice volume is «a bit funky» — it's clearly a more important measure of the system's ability to recover, which is the central point of this post.
«Preliminary data also indicate 2008 may represent the lowest
volume of Arctic sea
ice on record, according to the researchers.
On his Climate Progress blog, Joe Romm on Tuesday chided Dr. Betts for falling into the mindset of «anti-science disinformers» by focusing on Arctic ice extent, which has recovered somewhat, rather than focusing on the volume of ice, including its thicknes
On his Climate Progress blog, Joe Romm
on Tuesday chided Dr. Betts for falling into the mindset of «anti-science disinformers» by focusing on Arctic ice extent, which has recovered somewhat, rather than focusing on the volume of ice, including its thicknes
on Tuesday chided Dr. Betts for falling into the mindset of «anti-science disinformers» by focusing
on Arctic ice extent, which has recovered somewhat, rather than focusing on the volume of ice, including its thicknes
on Arctic
ice extent, which has recovered somewhat, rather than focusing
on the volume of ice, including its thicknes
on the
volume of
ice, including its thickness.