In the paper, to be published by the journal Icarus, Quillen states that «strong tidal encounters» may be responsible for the cracks on
icy moons such as Charon, Saturn's Dione and Tethys, and Uranus» Ariel.
Elsewhere in the solar system, though, sterilisation rules remain vital — especially for
icy moons such as Jupiter's Europa and Saturn's Titan, which are the best hopes for finding an independent origin of life.
Not exact matches
There Voyager had laid bare vast, surprisingly smooth stretches that told of a past marked by intense internal activity and maybe even a liquid - water layer buried below its
icy shell — both on a
moon seemingly too small for
such phenomena.
Such worlds may include Mars, the asteroid Vesta, the dwarf planet Ceres or the
icy moons of Jupiter or Saturn.
Scientists don't want to risk a run - in between Juno and any of the
icy moons,
such as Europa, which could conceivably harbor life in its buried liquid water ocean.
Because
such chemistry provides energy for microbial life on Earth, the discovery makes Enceladus the top candidate for hosting life elsewhere in the solar system — besting even Jupiter's Europa, another
icy moon with an ocean.
Whereas Pluto's putative ocean could in principle support life, it is probably locked beneath perhaps 200 kilometers of ice and very far from Earth, making it a much less appealing target for astrobiological studies than other, closer subsurface oceans known to exist in the solar system,
such as those within the
icy moons circling Jupiter and Saturn.
Certain tidally stressed
moons in the outer solar system,
such as Europa and Saturn's
moon Enceladus, harbor oceans of liquid water beneath their
icy crusts.
«We also see fractures on other solar system bodies,
such as Jupiter's
icy moon Europa,» Quick said.
The interiors of the
icy satellites of giant planets,
such as in Jupiter's
moon Europa, have conditions where carbonic acid could form.
These forces occur on Earth in glacial ice as it flows due to gravity, and in space as
icy satellite bodies,
such as the
moons of Jupiter and Saturn, respond to tidal forces from their parent bodies.
Scientists are interested in understanding early life on Earth because if we ever hope to find life on other worlds - especially
icy worlds with subsurface oceans
such as Jupiter's
moon Europa and Saturn's Enceladus - we need to know what chemical signatures to look for.
Scientists are interested in understanding early life on Earth because if we ever hope to find life on other worlds — especially
icy worlds with subsurface oceans
such as Jupiter's
moon Europa and Saturn's Enceladus — we need to know what chemical signatures to look for.
These are also known on several
icy moons,
such as Ariel and Titania at Uranus, and Tethys at Saturn, where they are described as chasmata (Latin for chasms).
It is important news for missions
such as ESA's JUpiter
ICy moons Explorer, a mission planned for launch in 2022, and which aims to explore both Jupiter and three of its largest
moons: Ganymede, Callisto, and Europa.
A new model developed by University of Rochester researchers could offer a new explanation as to how cracks on
icy moons,
such as Pluto's Charon, formed.
By devising and running a new computer model, Quillen, a professor of physics and astronomy at Rochester, has now shown that the tidal pull exerted by another, similar object could be strong enough to crack the surface of
such icy moons.
Astronomers have been intrigued by jets of
icy liquids,
such as on Saturn's
moon Enceladus.
It also would be far easier to get a water sample from Enceladus, which has plumes of water vapor, ice and particles shooting more than 300 miles off its surface, than from other
moons,
such as Jupiter's Europa, where a massive ocean is believed to be buried beneath a thick
icy crust.
The large satellites of Uranus show unique geologic features we'd like to understand (
such as the tortured - looking surface of Miranda, a small
moon with the tallest cliff in the Solar System), while Neptune's satellite Triton is thought to be a captured Kuiper Belt object, similar to Pluto, potentially harboring an ocean under its
icy surface.
It is involved in new and upcoming missions,
such as the JUICE (JUpiter
ICy moons Explorer) mission.
The discovery confirms earlier hints that life finds a way to survive in
such extreme environments, and it boosts the possibility that some form of life could be alive right now on
icy moons across the solar system,
such as Jupiter's
moon Europa.
The report points out that in the past NASA has begun ambitious space science missions that ended up too expensive to pursue,
such as the Voyager - Mars mission and the Jupiter
Icy Moons Orbiter mission of the Prometheus program.