According to Peter Reich, the project leader, «Current ESMs represent variation in
plant life using crude averages of trait values of
plants; a model might be as simplistic as assuming all
leaves in Amazonia or Alaska are
identical.
The grubs chewed their way out before the ferns fossilized, but they
left behind feces (dark dots in photo), which, Labandeira found, contained resin - filled cells
identical to surrounding
plant cells.