While two hundred fatty acids have been
identified in human milk lipids, with fifty metabolically active, the major fatty acids are palmitic, stearic, oleic, and linoleic with medium - chain fatty acids also present.
Stem cells have also been
identified in human milk, and have the potential to differentiate into mammary epithelial lineages under mammary differentiation conditions in vitro, as well as other cell types in corresponding microenvironments, including bone cells, brain cells, liver cells, pancreatic beta cells and heart cells.
Transforming growth factor (TGF)-- alpha, TGF - beta, and granulocyte colony - stimulating factor (G - CSF) are also
identified in human milk.
Not exact matches
Over the years scientists have
identified a number of anti-infective substances
in human milk that may help fight respiratory and gastrointestinal infections, and such devastating conditions as acute inflammation of the intestines and colon, to which premature infants are particularly vulnerable.
Of the over 200
identified elements of
human milk that interact
in this complex fluid, about 30 can be artificially produced
in infant formula.
Other growth - promoting factors including
human milk growth factors I, II, and III (HMGF), and insulin - like growth factor (IGF - I) have also been
identified in human breast
milk.
Although most of these biosubstances have been
identified in mother's
milk in quantities that exceed maternal serum levels, their exact role
in human newborns is uncertain; most current information is from animal models whose development may significantly differ.
The study, which revealed the first comprehensive macaque
milk proteome and newly
identified 524
human milk proteins, is reported online
in the Journal of Proteome Research.
Using this new method, Lemay and colleagues
identified 1,606 proteins
in human milk and 518 proteins
in rhesus macaque
milk.
Artificial infant formulas got their start
in the early nineteenth century as scientists began to
identify the basic building blocks
in food - proteins, fats, and carbohydrates - as central to
human nutrition, as well as to determine the chemical components of
human and animal
milks.
Updated statement as of September 1, 2016 Even as Zika virus outbreaks continue to be
identified in the U.S. and abroad, HMBANA affirms that donor
human milk is safe for even the most vulnerable
The Duke medical researchers and ecologists who have joined that project hope to
identify which species flourish
in early stages of the
human microbiome, how they are influenced by the consumption of breast
milk, and what role they play
in critical diseases affecting infants as well as
in chronic diseases that occur later
in life.
The researchers expect the findings will provide a better understanding of
human breast -
milk composition and
identify fundamental nutrients that should be included
in infant formula.
Using this new method, Lemay and colleagues
identified 1,606 proteins
in human milk and 518 proteins
in rhesus macaque
milk.
The study, which revealed the first comprehensive macaque
milk proteome and newly
identified 524
human milk proteins, is reported online
in the Journal of Proteome Research.