Once they were able to isolate skeletal muscle cells using the newly
identified surface markers, the research team matured those cells in the lab to create dystrophin - producing muscle fibers.
Haihui Lu, Ph.D., a CRI fellow at the Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, has
identified a surface marker that distinguishes a population of breast cancer cells that are more prone to metastasis and demonstrate higher levels of «stemness,» the ability to seed other tumors.
Not exact matches
Weeks later, Yee realized that he didn't have the equipment he needed to pluck out of Ziskin's blood the rare (perhaps one in 100,000) T cells that could
identify the subtle peptide
markers on the
surface of her cancer cells and attack the disease.
Several studies have used cell -
surface markers — proteins found on the outer membranes of tumor cells — to
identify glioblastoma stem cells; but the specific
markers used have been controversial and can not reflect molecular processes going on within tumor cells.
In order to actually
identify genetic mutations in DNA, they had to develop a way to place
markers or labels on the
surface of the DNA molecules so they could recognize patterns and irregularities.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have
identified cell
surface markers specific for the very earliest stem cells in the human embryo.
The cancer cell
marker that Johnson and her team
identified was a specific change in protein glycosylation, that is, a unique pattern of sugars decorating a protein found on the cell
surface.
In breast cancer, CSCs or tumor - initiating cells were first
identified by using a combination of cell
surface markers, CD24 − / CD44 + / ESA (EpCAM) + (2).
HLA (human leukocyte antigen)-
markers on the
surface of a body's cell that
identify the cell as one's own (as opposed to a foreign cell) and prevent the immune system from attacking itself.
There are no specific
markers to
identify them; however, they are negative for hematopoietic cell
markers like CD34 / 45 / HLA - DR and express CD90 / 73/105 on their
surface 2, 3, 4.
Macrophages were
identified by their typical morphology, as well as by their reactivity to the cell
surface marker F4 / 80 (Fig. 2A) ⇓.
Using single water molecules as atomic
markers, the team successfully
identified the atomic species of this
surface; result that was additionally confirmed by the comparison of simultaneous AFM and STM measurements with the outcomes of first - principles calculations.
Since very few studies have demonstrated the formation of macro-metastasis from low numbers of sorted CSCs and currently proposed CSC
markers might not be sufficient to
identify all stem cell populations [13], we believe that our study presents a promising approach to isolate stem - like and metastatic breast CSCs as opposed to the cell - sorting strategy based on putative stem cell
surface markers.
Luckily, different cell types tend to have different things on their
surfaces, which play particular parts in their specialized roles in the tissue, so it is a matter of
identifying and targeting cell -
surface markers that are specific to these abnormal cell types.
Most of these CSCs have been
identified using
surface markers that
identify their corresponding normal tissue stem and progenitor cells, thus reinforcing the resemblance of tumor development to normal organogenesis.