Sentences with phrase «if changing those genes»

They want to determine if changing those genes experimentally changes rodent behavior as expected.

If a changed gene can not be shown to act differently or to have a demonstrated new physiological effect on the animal in question, the changes themselves mean next to nothing — especially for evolution!

Not exact matches

If Chad and others argue that naturalistic evolution must be dismissed because we don't know exactly what happened with gene mutation and transmission frequencies during particular periods of rapid change, then how can we accept a replacement argument in which we don't even know what happens at all?

Yeah, if you don't intervene at all in births, evolution (changes in relative frequencies of genes) will select for genotypes that don't die in a non-intervention system.

«This is exciting because if genes affected differences between individuals in these traits, it means they could also change in response to natural selection,» said Dr Bolund.

If you think that the difference between two species involves changes in certain genes, you can swap those genes between the species.

The direct methylation of the DNA changes the gene expression permanently if it takes place in the control regions of genes (so - called CpG islands), that have been made accessible by the modification of the histones.

Even if you are trying to change hundreds or thousands of genes at once, after a few cycles in the machine, a good proportion of the cells should have all the desired changes.

However, very little is known about how the circadian clock regulates this critical part of gene expression to organize the day - night rhythm of protein expression, and if the formation of this looping changes over the day.

You can't necessarily see the change happening in the adult, but you can see that if you change that nucleic acid base right there in that gene, at that particular point in embryonic development, that animal is darker.

If the genes in the chick embryo are very close to those of an ancestral, nonavian dinosaur — and if the changes, over more than 150 million years, have been almost all in regulation of the genes — then we could reactivate the old pattern of regulatioIf the genes in the chick embryo are very close to those of an ancestral, nonavian dinosaur — and if the changes, over more than 150 million years, have been almost all in regulation of the genes — then we could reactivate the old pattern of regulatioif the changes, over more than 150 million years, have been almost all in regulation of the genes — then we could reactivate the old pattern of regulation.

«These genes must determine some component of intelligence if changes in them damage intelligence,» Hameister says.

If it is true that epigenetic changes to genes active in certain regions of the brain underlie our emotional and intellectual intelligence — our tendency to be calm or fearful, our ability to learn or to forget — then the question arises: Why can't we just take a drug to rinse away the unwanted methyl groups like a bar of epigenetic Irish Spring?

«If this approach works in humans, it will really change the conversation that providers have with patients,» Scadden said, especially for those «who have these underlying genetic disorders and for who the new gene - editing and gene therapy techniques are being developed.»

The researchers propose that this epigenetic mechanism allowed the cavefish to shed its eyes faster than if the change had happened via DNA mutations in eye genes.

And when asked about the possibility of gene editing giving babies a much reduced risk of serious disease, some 49 % of adults say this would be less acceptable if it changed the genetic makeup of the whole population.

But what if you could change how these genes play out by taking certain drugs or better yet, just changing your diet?

Instead, Peter Forster and Colin Renfrew of the University of Cambridge wondered if changes could be traced via maternal or paternal genes, by studying mitochondrial DNA or Y - chromosome genes, respectively.

What if the comeback virus has changed its genes, as they can?

A change in every 100th base could affect thousands of genes, and the percentage difference becomes much larger if you count insertions and deletions.

The study involved extracting Ribonucleic acid or RNA — found in the cells of all living organisms — to develop a transcriptome — the gene readouts in a cell — to examine what occurs during the different developmental stages of the cockroach pregnancy and to explore if those changes hold wider applications for other mammals.

An example is changing a gene's expression and asking if a phenotype changes.

Even in the half or so of all diabetes cases that seem to be related to genes that have programmed a person's cells to need less fuel, exercise and moderate diet changes can work wonders if the progress of insulin resistance is noticed soon enough during regular checkups.

Curious about the possibility of circular RNAs contributing to cancer, Pandolfi and his colleagues set out to see if they could detect relevant changes in tumors known to harbor distinct fusion proteins, which result when different chromosomes abnormally join together, melding two separate genes into a new centaur - like gene.

MacArthur's team calculated how many variants each gene should have if those changes arise by chance.

Although bacteria have a seemingly limitless capacity to alter their genes by swapping bits of DNA between strains, this mechanism doesn't seem enough to account for the swift pace of change and the high variability of E. coli and other strains.Thomas Cebula of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) wondered if this rapid evolution is being driven by microbes capable of much faster - than - normal variation.

«If you told someone that it matters whether they inherited genes from their mother or father, then that would change the way you conducted an experiment,» Valdar says, «because now you know what to look for.»

«Genetic tests could be performed on the released CTCs, indicating if the gene therapy is triggering changes in gene expression,» says Liu.

If the living conditions change, say when the temperature drops or the lipid composition changes, then a different lipid uptake gene adapted to that condition sets in.

If you could figure out which modifications work, and if you could also find some gene - therapy technique for delivering those changes to the host cells, you could in principle make a person (or livestock, or any other creature) inherently resistant not to just one virus but to all viruses, even those that have not been discovereIf you could figure out which modifications work, and if you could also find some gene - therapy technique for delivering those changes to the host cells, you could in principle make a person (or livestock, or any other creature) inherently resistant not to just one virus but to all viruses, even those that have not been discovereif you could also find some gene - therapy technique for delivering those changes to the host cells, you could in principle make a person (or livestock, or any other creature) inherently resistant not to just one virus but to all viruses, even those that have not been discovered.

If so, it could make cell fate more resilient to random mutations in a plant's genetic code, even when such changes keep some gene - regulating proteins from binding their intended DNA targets.

If you are going to try to change the genetic makeup of the cancer cells by inserting genes, you must first get the genes to the cancer cells.

Imagine the consequences if some of those piddly nucleotide changes arose in a protein that happened to be a transcription factor: Suddenly, instead of activating 23 different genes, the protein might charge up 21 or 25 of them — or it might turn on the usual 23 but in different ratios than normal.

If a person with athal2 and a partner with athal1 have children, some of the children may inherit changes in three of their a globin genes.

If you make random changes to a gene, you'll still be able to get a protein out of the result about a third of the time (though for any specific gene the ratio might be much higher or lower).

Then, they added estrogen to see if gene activity changed, honing in on TLR8, an X chromosome - linked gene whose expression has already been implicated in the development of lupus.

If it turns the wrong genes on or off, it can affect health and disease just as surely as can changes in the DNA itself.

Professor Seymour said: «In laboratory experiments we have demonstrated that if this gene is turned off, the fruit soften much more slowly, but still show normal changes in colour and the accumulation of taste compounds such as acids, sugars and aroma volatiles.

If you look globally things are different because for demographic reasons there will be an enormous increase in the proportion of Africans which will change the world's genetic balance for skin color and other genes; but within the developed world so far this has had little effect.»

«We wanted to see if field - resistant pink bollworm from India harbored these same changes in the cadherin gene,» Fabrick said.

So that it can go about doing its [these] things and not die if the temperature changes, for example, and that system is built into the way that the genes work together.

Another dogma in cell biology seems about to be toppled: If a mutation in a gene doesn't change the basic sequence of building blocks, then it has no effect.

«Our hypothesis was, if a disease is characterized by certain changes in gene expression and if a drug causes the reverse changes, then that drug could have a therapeutic effect on the disease,» he says.

Such changes would be strongly selected for, especially if the misexpression of genes incorporated into centromeric regions is detrimental to individual fitness and regular expression could be restored by the expansion of centromere repeats.

It is as if Saccharomyces cerevisiae has found the philosopher's stone but instead of changing lead to gold, it turns noncoding DNA into a gene that codes for a partially structured protein.

If the genes undergo internal reshuffling, the proteins change and each generation of bacteria presents a different appearance to the immune system, as if the bacteria were changing clothes, or donning hats and dark glasseIf the genes undergo internal reshuffling, the proteins change and each generation of bacteria presents a different appearance to the immune system, as if the bacteria were changing clothes, or donning hats and dark glasseif the bacteria were changing clothes, or donning hats and dark glasses.

Many, if not all, oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes induce metabolic reprogramming in cancer cells through changes in the regulation of enzymes and transporters.

«We saw hundreds of changes in genes in cancer cells that had not been identified before, and for each of these, HHMI research associate Alberto Bardelli had to perform comparisons with the normal tissues of the same patient, to see if the mutation was specific to the cancer,» he said.

If left unchecked, these changes in gene expression cause the heart to become enlarged, inflamed, and full of scar tissue.

If such seemingly transient changes persist, they may alter the expression of genes needed to ward off cancer and other diseases.