«We need to understand what would happen
if gene drive transferred into other species,» Kuiken said.
Esvelt, now based at MIT's Media Lab, wants to see
if gene drive can eliminate Lyme disease.
«A lot of pet owners would be sad,» he says,
if a gene drive went wrong and escaped worldwide during some future attempt to rid, say, Australia of its terribly destructive feral cats.
Not exact matches
Nations that release
gene drives could also be accused of violating the United Nations Biological Weapons Convention
if gene -
drive — carrying organisms cause harm to native species in another country.
If they can nimbly edit any
gene in any organism, scientists ought to be able to design a
gene drive for that species as well.
«What's it going to do to public trust
if we accidentally release a
gene drive into the wild?»
Even
if field testing
gene drives safely was possible, it is at least five to 10 years away.
In 2016, for example, researchers reported that they had created a CRISPR / Cas9
gene drive that forces a fertility - reducing
gene modification into female Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes — which could quickly reduce local Anopheles populations
if unleashed in the wild.
And we could explore when it would be smart to use
gene drives,
if ever, and when they'd be a colossal mistake.
Although bacteria have a seemingly limitless capacity to alter their
genes by swapping bits of DNA between strains, this mechanism doesn't seem enough to account for the swift pace of change and the high variability of E. coli and other strains.Thomas Cebula of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) wondered
if this rapid evolution is being
driven by microbes capable of much faster - than - normal variation.
(My admittedly wild hypothesis is that the
gene, CD32, may help
drive Zika virus to copy itself to higher levels
if a person was previously infected with dengue and has antibodies to that virus.)
(C) By ensuring that the
gene is almost always inherited, the
gene drive can spread the altered
gene through a population over many generations, even
if the associated trait reduces the reproductive fitness of each organism.
And
if an introduced
gene had unexpected consequences, researchers might reverse a
gene drive by introducing more wild, unmodified individuals to outnumber the new ones.
«
If the public ever considers making use of a
gene drive, we will need to develop appropriate safeguards.
Alterations accomplished using CRISPR, which enables scientists to edit a cell's DNA with unprecedented precision, are different in one crucial respect: The process can result in «
gene drive,» a naturally occurring feature of some
genes that enables them to spread through a population over generations, even
if they do not help survival (and thus reproduction).
Gene drive systems can spread even
if they decrease the odds of the host organism surviving and reproducing.
At its headiest, it's like Singin» in the Rain with a souped - up engine, but even
if Baby is the
Gene Kelly of the getaway car, watching Baby Driver always feels like watching someone else do the
driving rather than being behind the wheel yourself.
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