The form of argument in this presentation has emphasized several specific points: first, that the Asian values argument, as a challenge to the implementation of constitutional
democracy, is exaggerated and fails to account for the richness of values discourse in the East Asian region -
local values do not provide a justification for harsh authoritarian practices; second, that the cultural prerequisites arguments fail because they
ignore the discursive processes for value development and they are tautological, excessively deterministic and
ignore the importance of human agency it, therefore, makes little sense to take an entry test for constitutional
democracy; third, the difficulties of importing Western communitarian ideas into an East Asian authoritarian environment without adequate liberal constitutional safeguards; fourth, the positive role of constitutionalism in constructing empowering conversations in modern democratic development and as a venue for values discourse; fifth, the importance, especially in a cross-cultural context, of indigenization of constitutionalism through
local institutional embodiment; and sixth, the value of extending research focused on the positive engendering or enabling function of constitutionalism to the developmental context in general and East Asia in particular.