Sentences with phrase «immune cell surface»

These immune cell surface proteins in themselves help the body by making our DNA less vulnerable to attack by our immune system which may have gone on the attack of foreign particles in our blood, such as dead cells, parasites, viruses, pollens and more.

A Postdoctoral Research Associate Position is available funded by the Wellcome Trust, to study the nanoscale organisation of human immune cell surfaces by super-resolution fluorescence microscopy.

Not exact matches

They use molecules on the bacteria's surfaces as reins, to ride towards host cells, or backstage passes to sneak past the immune system.

Further study revealed that these so - called immune proteins are actually present on the surface of certain nerve cells, but that they functioned differently in the brain than they did in the rest of the body; rather than scouting for germs, they influenced signals sent between neurons.

Epitopes are displayed on the surface of circulating immune cells and are where T cells bind antigens to fuel the immune response.

The immune system depends on molecules called T cell receptors on the surface of T cells to recognize and respond to foreign antigens from virus - infected cells, tumors and other threats.

His team also notes that LTA's protective role seems limited to the skin's surface: in immune cells taken from deeper layers, it provoked inflammation.

The experiments included sorting immune cells found at injury sites by molecules on their cellular surfaces, and many hours looking at mouse cells through the microscope.

Damaged mouse sciatic nerves produced hundreds of times the normal amount of two «chemoattractant» molecules, Cxcl1 and Cxcl2, which attach to the surfaces of neutrophils and draw the immune cells into injured tissue.

This drug (vedolizumab) blocks a specific adhesion molecule on the surface of the T - cell and thereby inhibits immune cells from binding themselves to receptors present in the intestine, preventing the T - cells from penetrating the blood vessels in the intestinal tissue.

In this study, the SIgN team discovered for the first time that the integrity of p53 affects the production of a special cell surface protein called Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) class I. MHC class I molecules on the cancer cell surface serve as targets for the immune system.

For instance, LKB1 also helped to repress cell surface markers on immune cells called dendritic cells that fueled the allergic reaction.

The inner surface is «greasy» and is believed to interact with cell membranes, while the outer surface, once secreted into the blood, can interact with the patient's immune system.

One key gene encodes the making of a receptor called TREM2, a docking site for molecules on the surface of microglia and other innate immune cells.

CRH, in turn, triggered production of the cell surface protein FasL; trophoblasts expressing FasL then form a protective shield of sorts around the embryo by forcing any attacking immune cells to self - destruct.

Cell surface antigens are large molecules sticking out from a cell that help the immune system determine whether the cell is harmless or harmCell surface antigens are large molecules sticking out from a cell that help the immune system determine whether the cell is harmless or harmcell that help the immune system determine whether the cell is harmless or harmcell is harmless or harmful.

What they discovered was that an inflammatory factor known as TGF - beta (transforming growth factor - beta) can give cancer cells properties of immune cells by supplying the surface of the cancer cell with a receptor that normally only exists on the white blood cells that travel through the lymphatic system.

Researchers are developing many different versions of CAR - T cell therapies, but the basic premise is the same: Doctors remove a patient's T cells (immune system cells that attack invaders) from a blood sample and genetically modify them to produce artificial proteins on their surfaces.

The drug blocks CTLA - 4, a protein receptor on the surface of T - cells that serves as a molecular stop sign, preventing the immune system from going into overdrive.

Although some cancers — particularly those that are rife with mutations like lung cancer or melanoma — create more tangible targets on the surface of cells for the immune system to recognize and attack, other malignancies such as prostate and pancreatic cancers have proved more intransigent.

An animal's immune system detects foreign cells by scanning for proteins, called antigens, that stick out from the surface of each cell.

In particular, it has evolved to show itself three to nine months after infection, allowing its own destruction by displaying antigens on its cell surfaces so the dog's immune system can destroy it.

In 1963, the couple moved to NYU to work as immunology research fellows in the lab of Baruj Benacerraf (who shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1980 for his work on the role of genetically determined, cell - surface structures in the regulation of immune reactions).

In their report published in Science Immunology they describe how expression of a specific molecule — complement C5a — is required to cause the immune cells called neutrophils to adhere to joint surfaces and migrate into the joint, a process known to set off the inflammatory cascade.

Soon he and Janeway discovered a new class of sensor on the surface of a certain kind of immune cell.

But when PD - 1 binds to proteins called PD - L1 and PD - L2 on the surface of certain cancer cells, the T cells essentially become paralyzed: the immune attack on cancer is called off.

DCs are specialized immune cells that can ingest foreign antigens, degrade them and present the fragments on their surface to activate T cell - mediated immunity.

The patients received biweekly infusions of nivolumab, which is an antibody that blocks a protein called PD - 1 on the surface of immune system T cells.

The protein sits on the surface of T cells and helps dampen the activity of the cells after an immune response, but tumors have found ways to hide from T cell attack by flipping on the PD - 1 switch themselves.

They looked specifically for genes coding the major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-- a molecule found on the surface of cells that acts as a crucial component of the immune systems of most vertebrates.

The ADGRE2 gene provides instructions for production of ADGRE2 protein, which is present on the surface of several types of immune cells, including mast cells.

Questions the group hopes to answer over the next five years include if LRAs will promote the expression of viral protein on the surface of infected cells, and if pairing LRAs with immune interventions will lead to the clearance of persistent, latent infection.

To help the new organ withstand the assault from the recipient's natural defenses, doctors developed tissue type matching, a technique to determine if the chemistry of the donor's immune system, defined by antigens on the surface of cells, was similar to that of the recipient's.

The immune system recognizes transplanted organs as foreign tissue by telltale proteins, called the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), that coat cell surfaces.

In this study, we examined the effectiveness of a vaccination targeting tumors that produced IL - 15 and its cell surface receptor called IL - 15R - alpha -LRB--RRB- and examined their ability to up - regulate (or increase) immune responses to tumor antigens,» Morris says.

The researchers speculate that the act of reprogramming adult cells to pluripotency may induce the expression of cell - surface molecules the immune system has not seen since the animal (or person) was an early embryo.

In clinical trials already underway, for example, researchers have used an older gene - editing technique, enzymes call zinc finger nucleases, in immune cells to deactivate the gene for CCR5, a surface protein that HIV latches onto in order to infect cells.

With gene - editing tools such as CRISPR, scientists can now eliminate immune - provoking sugars from the surface of pig cells, introduce human genes that regulate blood coagulation to prevent dangerous clots, and snip out viral sequences that some fear could infect a human host.

Immune cells called dendritic cells educate T cells, infection - fighting immune cells, to smell the outer surface of the skin and go there to do battle.

S. mansoni IPSE binds to Immunoglobulin E (IgE), an antibody produced by the immune system that is expressed on the surface of basophils, a type of immune cell; and mast cells, another immune cell that mediates inflammation; and sequesters chemokines, signaling proteins that alert white cells to infection sites.

PD - 1 (programmed cell death protein 1) is a receptor on the surface of T cells (the white blood cells that are part of the immune system), while PD - L1 (programmed death - ligand 1) is a molecule that binds to PD - 1 and is often over-expressed on the surface of cancer cells, enabling them to evade the immune system and allow cancer to grow and spread.

In the current study, the researchers showed that FGPs are present on the surface of the zebrafish brain and that these blood vessel - associated FGPs do not arise from the immune system, as had been previously thought, but from endothelial cells themselves.

It targets the CD52 glycoproteins on the surface of mature immune cells, or lymphocytes, depleting levels of the aggressive T and B cells without affecting other lymphocytes.

Their preliminary results identified two types of immune cells, CD4 + and CD8 + T cells, which become mobilized to attack various surface molecules on the TB bacterium.

A study of the way malaria parasites behave when they live in human red blood cells has revealed that they can rapidly change the proteins on the surface of their host cells during the course of a single infection in order to hide from the immune system.

These molecules function by shuttling broken - down proteins called peptides from inside the cell to the surface, where other immune cells inspect them to see whether they are invaders.

New findings published in the journal Nature Chemical Biology by UNC School of Medicine scientists show that MRGRPX2, a receptor protein on the surface of mast cells, can trigger the immune system response that leads to itching associated with some opioids.

CD74 is broken into products that fit into the groove of cell surface immune response proteins as part of the chain of events that activates T cells — immune cells that normally attack infected (or damaged) cells in the body.

«Making the movements of HIV visible so that we can follow, in real time, how surface proteins on the virus behave will hopefully tell us what we need to know to prevent fusion with human cells — if you can prevent viral entry of HIV into immune cells, you have won,» says Dr. Blanchard, who is also associate director of Weill Cornell's chemical biology program.

Antigens are flags on the surface of cells, and they trigger the immune response when the flags are foreign.