This is the first dataset, where we tried to capture all known industry
immune cell therapy developers.
Then immunotherapy firm Juno Therapeutics shook hands with gene - editing start - up Editas to create anticancer
immune cell therapies; Vertex Pharmaceuticals and Crispr Therapeutics, another start - up, inked an agreement that could be valued at $ 2.6 billion; while Regeneron Pharmaceuticals formed a patent licence agreement with ERS Genomics, which holds the rights to the foundational Crispr intellectual property from Emmanuelle Charpentier, one of the Crispr pioneers.
«If
immune cell therapies for cancer or autoimmune diseases (like rheumatoid arthritis, for example) are going to be safe and effective alternatives to more traditional medications, we must gain control over the activity of the cells to reduce risks of toxicity to the patient,» said Roybal.
His laboratory harnesses the tools of synthetic and chemical biology to engineer
the immune cell therapies for cancer and autoimmunity of the future.
Not exact matches
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on Tuesday gave Swiss drug giant Novartis a second approval for its pioneering CAR - T cancer
therapy, which uses patients» own
immune cells (re-engineered outside the body and then replicated) to destroy blood cancers.
Basically, CAR - T
therapy involves taking a patient's own
immune «killer» T -
cells, inserting new genetic code into those
cells which turn them into cancer - hunters that can home in on malignant B -
cells (another kind of
immune cell), and then pumping these specialized leukemia - busting
cells back into the patient.
The treatment is a type of so - called CAR T -
cell therapy — taking a patient's own
immune cells, called T
cells, genetically manipulating them to attack specific proteins on cancer, and infusing them back into the patient.
Gilead subsidiary Kite Pharma (which the biotech giant scooped up ahead of the FDA's approval for Yescarta, a treatment that reengineers patients»
immune cells to fight cancer) will have access to Sangamo's platform technology, which could be used to create various types of cancer
cell therapies.
CAR - T
cell therapy is a form of immunotherapy, a rapidly developing cancer treatment that uses patients» own
immune cells to attack tumors.
Bellicum is among the flurry of biotechs investing heavily into
cell therapies such as experimental chimeric antigen receptor T -
cell (CAR - T) treatments for cancer (this is the next - gen treatment that involves reprogramming
immune cells to become cancer killers and has shown promise in blood cancers, which Bellicum specializes in).
Swiss pharmaceutical giant Novartis has made waves with a drug pipeline that includes one of the most talked - about experimental cancer
therapies in recent years — a treatment called Kymriah that reconfigures the body's own
immune cells to become aggressive blood - cancer killers.
giant Novartis has made waves with a drug pipeline that includes one of the most talked - about experimental cancer
therapies in recent years — a treatment called Kymriah that reconfigures the body's own
immune cells to become aggressive blood - cancer killers.
Santa Monica, California - based Kite is developing chimeric antigen receptor T -
cell therapy, known as a CAR T, which harnesses the body's own
immune cells to recognize and attack malignant
cells.
With major clinical successes in areas such as CAR - T, gene
therapy,
immune - oncology,
cell therapy and gene editing, many see 2017 as the year that biotech really came of age.
For example, we've seen new discoveries in health care recently, especially in immuno - oncology
therapies, which help the
immune systems of cancer patients recognize and destroy cancerous
cells.
During the sessions, U.S. and Cuban scientists explored such topics as the molecular mechanisms cancer
cells employ to evade the body's
immune system, new tools to image and manipulate that system, and ways to rethink how such
therapies can best be deployed to reach patients where they receive health services.
A group of the nation's leading cancer research scientists and their Cuban counterparts are exploring how to advance cancer
therapy, diagnosis, and prevention, including the use of immunotherapy to harness the body's
immune systems to attack and eliminate cancer
cells.
A type of
immune therapy known as PD - 1 blockade controlled cancer in 77 percent of patients with defects in DNA mismatch repair — the system
cells use to spell - check and fix errors in DNA (SN Online: 10/7/15).
A transformative cancer
therapy based on modified
immune cells has lured doctors, companies, and patients alike, but many are hitting a frustrating roadblock: generating enough of these chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)- T
cells to meet surging demand.
On its own, this
immune response had no immediate effect in the fight against the utilized breast tumors, but in combination with the ADC it proved itself effective in attacking cancer
cells in mice, resulting in the complete cure of the majority of mice receiving the combination
therapy.
«Current
therapies in clinical trials are focused on targeting genetic changes in tumors and helping to boost one's
immune system to fight the cancer
cells.
In the GD2 CAR - T treated animals, the residual cancer
cells did not express GD2, suggesting that these remaining
cells were not vulnerable to the
immune therapy and might be able to cause the cancer to recur.
Patients with metastatic non-small
cell lung cancer will always progress after chemotherapy, so most patients go on to be treated with immunotherapy, a type of
therapy that uses the body's
immune system to fight cancer.
Because the CAR - T
cells do not eradicate all cancer
cells, the researchers think the
immune therapy will need to be combined with other treatments.
Ten years after infection with HIV, a typical person has progressed to where tens if not hundreds of thousands of copies of the virus can be found in a single milliliter of their blood and more than three quarters of their CD4
immune cells are destroyed, if they have not started drug
therapy.
Antibodies and T
cells against the protein could cause the
immune system to attack
cells carrying it, making gene
therapy ineffective.
And early stage startup Neochromosome, which includes Boeke, intends to raise money to design synthetic chromosomes for medicine that could be used in an off - the - shelf universal
cell line in
cell therapies and transplants with minimal risk of rejection from the
immune system.
«Our study reveals a new mechanism that could be harnessed for biological
therapies for lupus and other autoimmune diseases, where the
immune system mistakenly targets the body's own
cells,» says senior study author Boris Reizis, PhD, professor of Pathology and Medicine at NYU Langone.
EMD Serono, Kirschbaum says, «focuses on the development of targeted cancer
therapies on three therapeutic platforms: targeting the tumor
cell, the tumor environment, and the
immune system.»
Researchers are developing many different versions of CAR - T
cell therapies, but the basic premise is the same: Doctors remove a patient's T
cells (
immune system
cells that attack invaders) from a blood sample and genetically modify them to produce artificial proteins on their surfaces.
Oral immunotherapy for peanut allergy induces early, distinct changes in
immune T -
cell populations that potentially may help researchers determine which people will respond well to the
therapy and which
immune mechanisms are involved in the response, a new study suggests.
Eye diseases — such as age - related macular degeneration, as well as a genetic condition called Stargardt's macular dystrophy that afflicts young people — are considered excellent candidates for stem
cell therapy because the eye is an
immune - privileged site, meaning transplanted
cells are not as likely to be rejected as foreign compared with transplants elsewhere.
HIV also hides in
cells and continues to undermine the host's
immune system despite antiretroviral
therapy that has improved the outlook of those with AIDS.
Researchers at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center developed a novel chimeric mouse model to test the combination
therapy using
immune checkpoint blockades with
therapies targeting myeloid - derived suppressor
cells (MDSCs).
A phase 3 trial of lenalidomide / dexamethasone with elotuzumab (Empliciti ™), an antibody
therapy that attacks myeloma
cells directly and spurs the
immune system to launch an attack of its own.
Diabetes researchers are considering various replacements for insulin injections: Transplanting new pancreatic islet
cells that make insulin, coaxing the patient's own islets to regenerate, or treating diabetics early in the disease with
immune - suppressing
therapies to prevent their body from destroying the rest of their pancreatic islets.
With additional genome tinkering to avoid rejection by the
immune system, they could be used clinically as a universal stem
cell therapy.
Researchers have designed a nanoparticle - based
therapy that is effective in treating mice with multiple myeloma, a cancer of
immune cells in the bone marrow.
Wistar scientists have previously shown that age - related changes in the tumor microenvironment — or the surrounding area where tumor
cells crosstalk with normal and
immune cells — can drive melanoma progression and
therapy resistance.
A new wave of potential
immune therapies aims to target the network of complex sugars that coat cancer
cells, Esther Landhuis reported in «Cancer's sweet cloak» (SN: 4/1/17, p. 24).
«Because we observed microbial effects mainly in the gut, we believe that a microbe - based
therapy would avoid the collateral damage seen with drugs that wipe out classes of
immune cells across the body,» said Benoist, a professor of microbiology and immunobiology at HMS.
The team also compared the animals» responses to the
therapy's effects in laboratory
cell samples and found that in vitro studies did not predict how well the viral
therapy and
immune response would fight tumor
cells in vivo.
Dr. Cripe and his colleagues at The Ohio State University, the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center tested how well the oncolytic viral
therapy — a cancer - killing form of the herpes simplex virus, called oHSV — infected and killed tumor
cells in mice with and without a healthy
immune system.
Epigenetic
therapies are thought to work in two ways to fix these errors in cancer
cells — by correcting the «position» of the gene switches and by making the
cell appear as though it's infected by a virus, triggering the
immune system.
2011: Another success makes headlines: David Porter and Carl June report that
immune cells modified with gene
therapy had cured two terminal leukemia patients of their cancer.
According to Dr. Cripe, the study suggests that some patients could respond to
therapy even if their tumors aren't very infectable by the virus, provided their
immune systems were stimulated by the viral
therapy to attack the tumor
cells.
Immune therapy for ovarian, breast and colorectal cancer — treatments that encourage the
immune system to attack cancer
cells as the foreign invaders they are — has so far had limited success, primarily because the
immune system often can't destroy the cancer
cells.
However, ChABC gene
therapy decreased the presence of these
cells and increased the presence of other
immune cells called M2 macrophages that help to reduce inflammation and enhance tissue repair.
The researchers were able to reverse these epigenetic changes with the use of an FDA - approved drug, forcing the cancer
cells out of hiding and potentially making them better targets for the same
immune therapy that in the past may have failed.
«We haven't held out much hope for
immune therapy to work in them because before you can enter cancer
cells to knock them down, you have to be able to get inside.