Sentences with phrase «immune microenvironment»

Title: The immune microenvironment in hormone receptor - positive breast cancer and treatment outcome following preoperative chemotherapy plus bevacizumab Date / Time: Tuesday, April 17 2018, 1:00 pm - 5:00 pm CT Author: A. Waks et al, Dana Farber Cancer Institute Poster # / Location: 4565 / Section 26, Board 1 Hyperlink: http://www.abstractsonline.com/pp8/#!/4562/presentation/7859 HR + / HER2 - breast tumors with higher levels of tumor immune activity have a more favorable response to chemo plus bevacizumab.

Data generated by the working group, which includes molecular profiling of over 10,000 tumors across 33 tumor types as well as a series of results on immune - tumor interaction and response mechanisms, will provide rich characterizations of the relationship between tumors and the immune microenvironment and its impact on patient outcomes.

PEGylated arginine deiminase can modulate tumor immune microenvironment by affecting immune checkpoint expression, decreasing regulatory T cell accumulation and inducing tumor T cell infiltration.

«Our data suggest that early - stage HER2 - positive breast cancers treated with neoadjuvant combination docetaxel, carboplatin, and trastuzumab with or without pertuzumab demonstrate tumor immune microenvironment phenotype changes,» the authors concluded.

Although this benefit has not been seen in all patients treated with immunotherapy, one of the goals of the CCIR is to improve our understanding of the immune system, especially in the context of the tumor immune microenvironment, in order to modulate immunity to optimally enhance patient outcome.

NEW YORK and SEATTLE — April 5, 2018 — The Cancer Research Institute (CRI), Institute for Systems Biology (ISB) and Sage Bionetworks — three organizations on the forefront of cancer immunotherapy, systems biology and bioinformatics — today announced the release of the Cancer Research Institute iAtlas, a comprehensive web - based tool that allows oncologists and researchers to study and analyze interactions between tumors and the immune microenvironment.

The Cancer Research Institute (CRI) iAtlas (www.cri-iatlas.org) is an interactive web - based platform and set of analytic tools for studying interactions between tumors and the immune microenvironment.

He also studies the mechanisms of antigen presentation to T cells, the impact of immunoregulation on tumor antigen - specific responses, and characterization of the tumor - immune microenvironment.

The researchers analyzed the samples using immunohistochemistry and RNA sequencing to study the changes in the tumor immune microenvironment of patients who received and did not receive chemotherapy, and changes before and after chemotherapy.

Not exact matches

The Company focuses on discovering and developing small molecule drugs directed against tumor and immune cell targets that control key metabolic pathways in the tumor microenvironment.

The acceleration of the healing process occurs due to changes in the microenvironment in the wound, which change the behaviour of specific immune cells.

«We're interrogating the tumor microenvironment,» she says, «by looking at suppressive cues as well as cells and secreted proteins that protect tumors from the immune response.»

The study results builds on prior investigations by the research team which demonstrated that activation of the PI3K pathway by PTEN tumor loss created a «microenvironment» allowing tumors to evade immune suppression.

Wistar scientists have previously shown that age - related changes in the tumor microenvironment — or the surrounding area where tumor cells crosstalk with normal and immune cells — can drive melanoma progression and therapy resistance.

«Dendritic cells are essential for prompting the immune response against malignant cells and for driving the clinical success of cancer immunotherapy, but their function is often defective in cancer patients,» said Dmitry I. Gabrilovich, M.D., Ph.D., Christopher M. Davis Professor and program leader of the Immunology, Microenvironment & Metastasis Program at Wistar.

In this rewriting of the textbooks, a tumor is not just a clump of aberrant cells; it also includes a support system, a tumor microenvironment, which encompasses a multitude of varying immune cell types and crisscrossing chemical signals, along with a network of blood vessels.

The researchers are now planning to address the impact of targeting autophagy either clinically and pharmacologically on the immune landscape of melanomas by phenotyping other immune cells in the melanoma tumor microenvironment.

However, tumor cells can circumvent this immune defense by establishing a surrounding microenvironment that prevents the infiltration of NK cells and thus promotes tumor survival and growth.

The findings, published today in Nature, demonstrate that these myeloproliferative neoplasias only appear after damage to the microenvironment that sustains and controls the hematopoietic stem cells — the cells that produce the cells of the blood and the immune system.

But mounting evidence implicates the immune system in the overproduction of cell - signalling molecules called cytokines, which stimulate skin cells called keratinocytes to express genes that maintain an inflammatory microenvironment.

Mechanistic studies showed that IFN increases antitumor immune responses by enhancing antigen presentation to T cells by dendritic cells present in the tumor microenvironment.

The result is an immune system less able to fight the virus, and, if the virus causes cancer, a «microenvironment» near the tumor in which the immune system is suppressed.

In cancer, the protein helps malignant tumors evade the immune system as they metastasize and alter their microenvironment in a stealth type of expansion.

Numerous studies have already shown that cancer spreads particularly aggressively if there is an unfavorable balance between suppressing and active immune cells in the tumor microenvironment.

Cells of the latter cancer types contain many DNA mutations, which are thought to make distinctive «neoantigens» that help the patient's immune system recognize and attack tumors, and make the cancer cells» «microenvironment» hospitable to tumor - fighting T cells.

Learn how dendritic cells maintain a local antitumor immune response within the tumor microenvironment

Given its potential ability to block the function of immune suppressive cells in the tumor microenvironment, entinostat is also being evaluated in combination with approved PD - 1 antagonists.

Ongoing projects are directed toward understanding the role that the alpha2 beta1 integrin plays in immune modulation in the tumor microenvironment.

Called «tumor microenvironments of metastasis,» these on - ramps are sites on blood vessels that special immune cells flock to.

We are particularly interested in leverage our interdisciplinary expertise in polymer chemistry, nanomedicine, drug delivery and immunobiology to innovate new approaches to modulate the tumor microenvironment and enhance cellular immune responses to cancer vaccines.

Our findings show how the tumor microenvironment drives the acquisition of CD39 as an immune regulatory molecule on CD8 + T cells, with implications for defining a biomarker of T cell dysfunction and a target for immunotherapeutic intervention.

Research Interests: Mechanisms of immune regulation in the breast and ovarian tumor microenvironment

Depending on characteristics such as how many tumor cells, blood vessel cells, and immune cells are touching each other, the tumor microenvironment can nearly triple the chance that a common type of breast cancer (estrogen - receptor positive / HER2 negative) that has reached the lymph nodes will also metastasize, Condeelis and colleagues showed in a 2014 study of 3,760 patients.

We want to understand how to use innate immune cells to reverse immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment.

In both cases, paclitaxel changed the tumor microenvironments in three ways, all more conducive to metastasis: The microenvironment had more of the immune cells that carry cancer cells into blood vessels, it developed blood vessels that were more permeable to cancer cells, and the tumor cells became more mobile, practically bounding into those molecular Lyfts.

Altered stromal microenvironments in non-lymphoid organs may also impact immune function.

Anna Huttenlocher, University of Wisconsin, USA Neutrophils in the Tumor Microenvironment Neutrophils, Wounds, and Cancer Progression Stefan Kaufmann, Max Planck Institute, Germany Pathology and immune reactivity: understanding multidimensionality in pulmonary tuberculosis Constitutive BAK activation as a determinant of drug sensitivity in malignant lymphohematopoietic cells Kathryn Moore, New York University, USA MicroRNA -33-dependent regulation of macrophage metabolism directs immune cell polarization in atherosclerosis Lalita Ramakrishnan, University of Cambridge, UK Myeloid Growth Factors Promote Resistance to Mycobacterial Infection by Curtailing Granuloma Necrosis through Macrophage Replenishment Beth Stevens, Harvard University, USA Microglia: Dynamic Mediators of Synapse Development and Plasticity Do glia drive synaptic and cognitive impairment in disease?

For instance, we previously demonstrated that DGKζ - deficient T cells demonstrate partial insensitivity to several important mediators of immune inhibition within the tumor microenvironment, including PGE2 (12), adenosine (12), TGF - β (13), and PD - L1 (10).

This advance will allow biomedical scientists to study the functioning of an individual's intestinal lining in a controlled microenvironment, where the lining can interact with immune cells, blood cells and drugs, said Robert Barrett, PhD, assistant professor of Medicine and research scientist at the Cedars - Sinai Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute.

The cellular composition of the tumour microenvironment affects how well a tumour can grow and the extent to which it responds to targeted and immune - modulatory therapy.

For understanding the biology of gene - gene, gene - drug and gene - microenvironment interactions, a considerably broader range of in vitro and in vivo model systems is required — we are generating 1,000 organoid cultures from human cancers, characterising their genomes, functional dependencies and drug response, and we are expanding our in vivo models to study the interface between cancer and the immune system and microenvironment.

Research in the Immunology, Microenvironment and Metastasis program is aimed at 1) merging basic mechanistic understanding of multidisciplinary pathways of host - tumor interactions and metastatic dissemination with novel translational opportunities for diseases diagnosis and immunotherapy, as well as 2) investigating mechanisms regulating immune responses in cancer and their potential therapeutic manipulation.

The company showed how they first defined A2A as the receptor required for mediating the effect of adenosine on immune cells within the tumor microenvironment and reported the characterization of a novel immuno - oncology - dedicated adenosine receptor 2A antagonist that functions in the high adenosine concentration found in tumors.

Other critical factors to consider include the mucosal immune system and the potential impact of a tolerogenic microenvironment on the development and progression of disease.

Our underlying premise is that the tumor microenvironment is immune suppressive because cancer cells elicit responses characteristic of wound healing and tissue regeneration.

We take a multidisciplinary approach to explore the mechanisms and evolution of stromal - mediated immune dysfunction in the tumour microenvironment and uncouple the immunoregulatory systems governing their suppressive function.

In the next year, members of the Dream Team will continue to study the tumor microenvironment before and after checkpoint blockade, to develop algorithms to identify and predict the best antigens on cancer cells that can be used for cancer immunotherapies, to analyze tumor tissues and blood for biomarkers that will help in selecting patients who will benefit, and identifying the best approaches to increase the strength of immune cells for adoptive cell therapy.

«This comes at a time when unprecedented development of novel immune agents is intersecting with our deeper understanding of colorectal molecular subtypes and of the complexities of the tumor microenvironment.»

Dr. Matsuzaki has accumulated extensive expertise in T - cell biology and mechanisms of immune suppression in periphery and tumor microenvironments in patients with ovarian cancer.

Current projects include quantitative models of the tumor microenvironment, the adaptive immune repertoire, and tumor evolution.