Recent research has identified the innate
immune receptor genes TREM2 and CD33 / SIGLEC3 as particularly relevant to Alzheimer's disease.
Not exact matches
One key
gene encodes the making of a
receptor called TREM2, a docking site for molecules on the surface of microglia and other innate
immune cells.
The
gene codes for an
immune receptor on red blood cells; lack of that
receptor prevents infection by Plasmodium vivax, a species of the malaria parasite.
Jarjour and his team studied a family of
immune response
genes called toll - like
receptors (TLRs), which are responsible for sending out chemical «danger signals» when a bacteria or virus is detected.
In addition, they identified two variants in a second
immune system
gene, IL2RA, which codes for a protein called the IL - 2
receptor.
It binds to a type of
receptor found in almost every cell in the body and can regulate the expression of
genes that deal with
immune response.
The researchers used the new technique to mutate the
genes CXCR4 and CCR5, which encode
receptor molecules that different strains of the HIV virus use to sneak in and infect
immune cells and which have been targeted in previous cell therapy trials.
These
genes typically encode
immune receptors that recognize specific protein components of the fungal pathogen to trigger resistance.
CAR - T immunotherapy involves genetically outfitting a patient's
immune cells with a new artificial
gene, a chimeric antigen
receptor (CAR), which allows the cells to recognize and attack specific cancer cells.
Specific canonical pathways enriched with such
genes included PPAR signalling, cytokine signaling between
immune cells and G - protein coupled
receptor signalling (Table S2).