In this study, we examined the effectiveness of a vaccination targeting tumors that produced IL - 15 and its cell surface receptor called IL - 15R - alpha -LRB--RRB- and examined their ability to up - regulate (or increase)
immune responses to tumor antigens,» Morris says.
Dr. Gnjatic's research focuses on human antigen - specific
immune responses to tumor antigens, in an attempt to define new targets for the development of cancer immunotherapies, assess the efficacy of these immunotherapies, and learn why they may fail.
Not exact matches
The central idea is
to encode an
antigen as RNA and inject that into the skin of the patient, whose own cells then produce the protein that triggers an
immune response, either
to kill
tumor cells or
to prevent an infection.
Principal Investigator John Morris, MD, clinical co-leader of the Molecular Therapeutics and Diagnosis Program for the CCC, co-leader of the UC Cancer Institute's Comprehensive Lung Cancer Program, professor in the division of hematology oncology at the UC College of Medicine and UC Health medical oncologist, says a number of antitumor vaccines have shown promise for causing
immune responses against
tumor antigens to improve patient outcomes.
He also studies the mechanisms of
antigen presentation
to T cells, the impact of immunoregulation on
tumor antigen - specific
responses, and characterization of the
tumor -
immune microenvironment.
The light - sensitive cells and nanoparticles, called opto - CRAC, were then delivered with the
tumor antigen surrogate ovalbumin
to mice with melanoma
tumors in their lymph nodes
to see if an
immune response could be activated
to target cancer cells.
Mechanistic studies showed that IFN increases antitumor
immune responses by enhancing
antigen presentation
to T cells by dendritic cells present in the
tumor microenvironment.
To trigger a vigorous
immune response,
antigen - presenting cells (APCs) put on display chopped - up peptides from pathogens or
tumor cells.
However, despite this success, the use of immunotherapy remains limited by the scarcity of
tumor - specific
antigens — substances that can trigger an
immune system
response to a particular type of cancer.
Immunity is key
to long - term
responses Knowing that the
immune system is capable of recognizing distinctive features of cancer cells and launching a T cell attack against those
tumor antigens, and that checkpoint blockade removes a roadblock
to that attack, it's logical that these drugs should work against many
tumor types.
Hu14.18 K332A is a laboratory - produced antibody designed
to activate the
immune response against
tumor cells by recognizing and binding
to an
antigen found on the surface of most neuroblastoma
tumor cells.
Using transplantable
tumor models expressing
antigen in an inducible manner or spontaneous
tumor models expressing nominal
antigens, we try
to decipher whether the
tumor is ignored or leads
to deletion, anergy or class switch of the specific
immune response or generate suppressor T cells.
Cancer vaccines are designed
to stimulate an
immune response against
tumor - specific or
tumor - associated
antigens, encouraging the
immune system
to attack cancer cells bearing these
antigens.
While much recent research has not been published in this area, there is actually a long history of studies that show: (1) there is a significant number of
antigens shared between
tumors and embryonic tissues (called «oncofetal
antigens») and, consequently, antibodies made against
tumors can also recognize embryonic tissues, and vice versa; (2) pregnancy confers some immunity against cancer (accompanied by antibody production against oncofetal
antigens), not only against its occurrence but also against its growth; (3) similar
to pregnancy, an
immune response against cancer can be generated by vaccinating animals with embryonic tissues.
Stimulation of the STING pathway appears essential
to generate a de novo
immune response comprising
tumor cell death, generation of
antigens, and activation of the innate and adaptive
immune system.
Therapeutic vaccines are designed
to elicit an
immune response against
tumor - specific or
tumor - associated
antigens, encouraging the
immune system
to attack cancer cells bearing these
antigens.
Therapeutic cancer vaccines are designed
to elicit an
immune response against
tumor - specific or
tumor - associated
antigens, encouraging the
immune system
to attack cancer cells bearing these
antigens.
Cancer vaccines are designed
to elicit an
immune response against
tumor - specific or
tumor - associated
antigens.
There, they will be exposed
to tumor antigens released from dying glioma cells through TK + valacyclovir - induced glioma cell death, and thus mediate a specific anti-malignant glioma
immune response against remaining malignant glioma cells.
Low - dose chemotherapy, radiation, or targeted therapies given in combination with
immune checkpoint blockade may prove
to be an effective and efficient way
to immunize the body against
tumor cells,» says CRI Scientific Advisory Council associate director James P. Allison, Ph.D., who identified the first
immune checkpoint blockade with his discovery in 1995 that the cytotoxic T lymphocyte
antigen - 4 (CTLA - 4) receptor inhibited T cell
responses.
They do, however, play a key role in helping
to boost the anti-
tumor immune response by: (1) expanding the number and improving the function of existing CTLs that are specific
to the same
tumor antigen; and (2) providing help
to other
immune cells, including B lymphocytes that are precursors
to antibodies and natural killer (NK) cells that are also important in the overall anti-
tumor immune response.
In the experiments described in the paper, the MGH team confirmed that their mesothelin - targeting fusion protein binds
to mesothelin on either ovarian cancer or mesothelioma cells, activates dendritic cells, and enhances the cells» processing and presentation of several different
tumor antigens, inducing a number of T - cell - based
immune responses.
«We have created a potentially much less expensive approach
to making a therapeutic cancer vaccine that, while targeting a single
tumor antigen, generates an
immune response against multiple
antigens.
About G100: G100 is
Immune Design's first product candidate solely generated from the GLAAS ® platform and is designed
to leverage the range of endogenous
antigens (including neoantigens) found in the
tumor microenvironment
to create a systemic anti-
tumor immune response from local injection.