Sentences with phrase «immune responses to infection in»

«Our results suggest a role for gestational maternal infection and innate immune responses to infection in the onset of at least some cases of autism spectrum disorder,» says first author Mady Hornig, associate professor of Epidemiology and director of Translational Research at CII.

If D levels are low or even undetectable, adequate and effective immune response to any infection in the body will be severely hampered.

Not exact matches

Researchers in my lab think that this impact of influenza infection on muscles is another unintended consequence of the immune response to the virus.

In addition, the buildup of mucous in the lungs, as a result of this immune response to infection, induces coughing as a reflex to try to clear the airwayIn addition, the buildup of mucous in the lungs, as a result of this immune response to infection, induces coughing as a reflex to try to clear the airwayin the lungs, as a result of this immune response to infection, induces coughing as a reflex to try to clear the airways.

Anti-inflammatory agents in breast milk help to regulate the body's immune system response against infection.

They are referred to as serotypes 1 - 4 because, following infection, individuals have distinct antibody profiles in their blood serum, resulting from specific immune responses to each of the four virus types.

Because an increased immune response triggers many lethal diseases in people with HIV, giving the drug to people soon after infection may prolong lives.

Understanding how dendritic cells are created will aid scientists in finding ways to boost the immune response to infections or dampen it in autoimmune diseases such as lupus and rheumatoid arthritis.

«If we learn how to control dendritic cells, we could strengthen our immune response to infection when needed, or weaken the action of certain immune cells that attack the body's own tissues in autoimmune disease.»

«As you look for methods to discern complex immune responses in human cells, more and more people look at what genes are turned on with infections or vaccination procedures.»

An inflammatory protein that triggers a pregnant mouse's immune response to an infection or other disease appears to cause brain injury in her fetus, but not the premature birth that was long believed to be linked with such neurologic damage in both rodents and humans, new Johns Hopkins - led research suggests.

Based primarily at Harvard with Maniatis, tenOever developed a knockout mouse model to study a particular protein, IKKε, that's involved in the immune response to viral infection.

«If we can demonstrate that the body mounts an immune response to having an IUD placed, for example, then we could begin investigating whether an IUD can clear a persistent HPV infection in a clinical trial,» explains gynecologic oncologist and study coauthor Laila Muderspach, MD, chair of obstetrics and gynecology at the Keck School.

They focused on the role of monocytes, immune cells that normally pass along the blood vessels and in response to a local infection move quickly into the affected organ and contribute to the localized immune defense there.

Some scientists speculate that the placement of an IUD stimulates an immune response in the cervix, giving the body an opportunity to fight an existing HPV infection that could one day lead to cervical cancer.

«Prior studies have suggested that poor baseline mental health can lead to more significant postoperative complications possibly due to impaired immune response associated with higher levels of stress,» explained Scott M. Gilbert, MD, MS, of the H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL. «This may delay both wound healing and the ability to fight infection in the postoperative state, for example.

The work was aided by the identification six years ago of a person in Africa whose HIV was diagnosed within weeks of infection and who provided blood samples to researchers periodically from the time of diagnosis, allowing researchers to examine in real time the co-evolution of the virus and the body's immune response.

They found that gene expression is different at 209 sites in chronically lonely people and that many of those changes fit a pattern of elevated immune activation, inflammation, and depressed response to infection.

The vaccine also induced a sharp rise in CD4 T - cells, whose job is to mobilize the antibody response and other immune elements against viral infections.

For instance, Dawson says, Autism Speaks is funding studies investigating the idea that disorders in the cellular powerhouses, mitochondria, might influence responses to immune challenges such as infection and immunization.

CANTOS grew out of years of ups and downs in the heart disease field, as scientists tried to trace the role of inflammation, a complex cascade of immune signals and various white blood cells that occurs in response to wounds, infections, and more.

Interferons are molecules produced by cells in response to viral or bacterial infection, and which act on neighboring cells to prevent the spread of the infection, shut down protein synthesis, and activate the immune system.

The short - term changes detected by fructosamine are also associated with changes in cytokine levels, another factor in promoting strong immune responses to infection.

«We are pleased to have demonstrated such a potent and durable immune response to the vaccine,» said the study's lead author, Sita Awasthi, PhD, a research associate professor of Infectious Diseases at Penn. «If found effective in clinical trials, the vaccine will have a huge impact on reducing the overall prevalence of genital herpes infections and could reduce new HIV infections as well, especially in high - burden regions of sub-Saharan Africa.»

Originally, researchers thought Th2 response had evolved to promote tissue repair; however, in the context of lung virus infections, Th2 cells appear to contribute to the overactive immune responses that endanger patients.

«In that paper, we found a common response by the human immune system to multiple viruses that is distinct from that for bacterial infections.

A recent study published in Cell revealed that, while the related parasite Tritrichomonas musculis makes the intestine susceptible to both colitis and colorectal cancer, it induces an immune response that protects mice against Salmonella infection.

Research has already shown that immune response provided by nasal mucous membranes is compromised in cigarette smokers, which causes them to be more susceptible to the outcomes of a viral infection, said Ilona Jaspers, deputy director of the Center for Environmental Medicine Asthma and Lung Biology at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, but her new research revealed even more immune suppression effects in e-cigarette users than in smokers of traditional cigarettes.

In findings they call counterintuitive, a team of UCLA - led researchers suggests that blocking a protein, which is crucial to initiating the immune response against viral infections, may actually help combat HIV.

Children with high everyday levels of a protein released into the blood in response to infection are at greater risk of developing depression and psychosis in adulthood, according to new research which suggests a role for the immune system in mental illness.

«I was expecting to see ancestry - associated differences in immune response but not such a clear trend towards an overall stronger response to infection among individuals of African descent,» added Luis Barreiro of the University of Montreal and the CHU Sainte - Justine in Canada, senior author of the other study.

The regulation of NF - κB also plays an important role in regulating the body's immune response to infection.

The paper focuses on two key molecular players in the story of influenza infection: a human protein called TRIM25, which was recently discovered to play an important role in the human immune response to flu infection; and a protein called NS1 present in all strains of the influenza A virus and shown to bind TRIM25 to keep it from doing its job.

The reason for the reduced glucose levels associated with bacterial meningitis was believed to be the need for glucose as fuel by infiltrating immune cells in response to infection.

Because Zika typically has trouble establishing infections in mice, the researchers used animals that were genetically altered so that they could not produce interferon, a key immune system signaling molecule, thus dampening the animals» immune response to the virus.

To simulate an infection, mice were injected with lipopolysaccharides (a component of the bacterial cell wall), which results in an immune response and generalized disease symptoms.

«Our study highlights the important role of STIM1 and calcium channels in shutting down the immune response to chronic infection and in preventing injurious inflammation,» Feske says.

And the key to vaccine success is that, afterward, the immune system starts to create fast - response infection fighters called memory cells that will circulate throughout the body and be able to recognize (and fend off) that same pathogen in the future.

The UNC research team, led by Lemon and Jason Whitmire, Ph.D., Associate Professor in UNC's Department of Genetics, is now poised to investigate the complicated interplay of nonspecific «innate» and specific «adaptive» immune responses that ultimately control the infection and eliminate HAV from the host — processes that are not well understood for any of the five human hepatitis viruses.

It may be that PM2.5 causes damage to the airway so that a virus can successfully cause an infection or that PM2.5 impairs the immune response so that the body mounts a less effective response in fighting off the infection.

This gene encodes a protein that plays a well - known role in regulating the body's immune response to infection.

The researchers found that the gene expression levels in immune cells changed in response to the macaque's new social rank within 3 months of establishing the new groups, and the cells got better at fighting infection.

«These data provide the basis for understanding the immune response to filovirus infections in humans,» said Bukreyev.

Analysis of daily gene activation in a patient with severe Ebola virus disease cared for at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in 2015 found changes in antiviral and immune response genes that pinpointed key transition points in the response to infection.

Many of these progenitors are maintained in a quiescent state or «standby mode» and are ready to differentiate in response to immune challenges (such as stress, infection or disease).

Until now, he says, it took as long as three months to produce enough monoclonal antibodies to protect huge populations, because the immune system only pumps out small quantities in response to infections.

The researchers noticed that in highly infected mice, NK cells produced IL - 10 about 3.5 days into the infection — days later than when they'd produce IFN - gamma, a protein that helps to mount, rather than defuse, the immune system response.

Current therapies to treat pathological inflammation generally focus on quieting the overactive immune response, but in suppressing the immune system, patients are vulnerable to severe infections arising from other sources.

The scientists believe that the heightened immune response to viral infection in the mother's body may be responsible for disrupting the timing of microglia development.

Maybe this little pause is an opportunity for a reset — a chance for the scientific community to acknowledge that the CRISPR system, as some have quietly suggested all along, was actually «invented» by bacteria eons ago as an ingenious immune response to viral infection, and that its rediscovery was accomplished by so many heroic (if you will) hands and with so much public coin that the technology ultimately belongs in the public commons and should not be patented and...