Among other things, a subclinical zinc deficiency in humans has been attributed to increased levels of inflammation markers and
reduced immunocompetence.
[Jean - Nicolas Audet et al., The town bird and the country bird: problem solving and
immunocompetence vary with urbanization
An implicit assumption of this hypothesis is that males that can afford to produce more elaborate carotenoid - dependent displays must be healthier individuals with
superior immunocompetence.
From a 2014 review article in World Journal of Diabetes: «As the only glucose - lowering hormone in the body, insulin not only alleviates the detrimental effects of hyperglycemia through its metabolic regulation, but also directly modulates inflammatory mediators and acts upon immune cells to
enhance immunocompetence.
The theorized concerns such as the potential for stunted growth, obesity, perivulvar dermatitis vaginitis, urinary incontinence, behavioral changes,
impaired immunocompetence, and urethral obstruction in male cats for early age neutering (8 weeks) are unfounded.
The type of lesion produced and the course of infection within the CNS depends on the age and
immunocompetence of the host, as well as the neurotropic and immunosuppressive properties of the virus.
Vaccine manufacturers warn, in their data sheets, that the following factors can render vaccines harmful (they use the phrase, «
immunocompetence may be compromised»):