Its charge was simple: Look for signs that Gale crater, a huge
impact basin with a mountain at its center, might once have been habitable (for microbes, not...
Not exact matches
The work also suggests — based on the sizes of other
impact basins in the Moon, Mars and Mercury — that the early solar system was likely well stocked
with protoplanet - sized asteroids.
Combining these new estimates
with the fact that there are even larger
impact basins on the Moon and other planets, Schultz concludes that protoplanet - sized asteroids may have been common in the early solar system.
Key to the
basin's identification as a potential
impact crater are the decrease in the strength of Earth's gravity over the site, indicating a large
basin filled
with younger low - density sediments, and a strong increase in the strength of Earth's magnetism at the site.
The researchers say this indicates an upper crust made of a mixture of rock and ice — in which small craters could be carved — supported by a more viscous mantle of ice lower down, which would allow the biggest
impact basins to relax away
with time, like silly putty returning to its original shape.
Scientists have explained Sputnik Planitia's youthful appearance by positing that it is an ancient
impact basin — a giant crater filled
with thick floes of younger ice that, driven by heat seeping up from below, churn and refresh the surface.
They also took into account the large
impact basins that have shaped the moon's topography, and they considered the moon's gravity field together
with its topography.
In an article published in Science on May 11, 2012, scientists working
with NASA's DAWN Mission revealed that Vesta's south polar
basin was created by
impacts roughly a billion years apart.
Snowfall varies across the region, comprising less than 10 % of total precipitation in the south, to more than half in the north,
with as much as two inches of water available in the snowpack at the beginning of spring melt in the northern reaches of the river
basins.81 When this amount of snowmelt is combined
with heavy rainfall, the resulting flooding can be widespread and catastrophic (see «Cedar Rapids: A Tale of Vulnerability and Response»).82 Historical observations indicate declines in the frequency of high magnitude snowfall years over much of the Midwest, 83 but an increase in lake effect snowfall.61 These divergent trends and their inverse relationships
with air temperatures make overall projections of regional
impacts of the associated snowmelt extremely difficult.
Comparison of streamflow from two adjacent USGS monitored
basins Thunder Creek and Newhalem Creek, the former
with 14 % glacier cover the latter
with 0 % glacier cover highlight the
impact of glaciers on streamflow.
Kind of like mentioning the
impact of ocean heat transport and the inherent lags associated
with huge irregularly sized
basins.
Even
with warming of 2 °C, we can expect to see adverse effects on water availability in critical river
basins, a more than doubling of forest fires in Amazonia by 2050,
impacted coral reef recovery from bleaching events, among other effects.
To ascertain
with confidence the extent to which deep water production
impacts the ocean's meridional circulation and hence the ocean's contributions to the global poleward heat flux, continuous measures of trans -
basin mass and heat transports are needed.
The future of glaciers and associated runoff is projected for 56 large drainage
basins globally,
with glacier wastage
impacting on runoff and water resources even in
basins with limited glacier cover.
US CLIVAR is engaging
with the SEARCH Program to define common research topics, including changes in climate, sea ice extent, ice sheet mass in the Arctic
basin, and climate
impacts on ocean circulation and regional sea level.
In the 2050s, differences in the population projections of the four SRES scenarios would have a greater
impact on the number of people living in water - stressed river
basins (defined as
basins with per capita water resources of less than 1,000 m3 / year) than the differences in the emissions scenarios (Arnell, 2004b).
The cream surface contrasts
with the dark floor and vanity unit for
impact, while the round
basins mirror the curves of the bath.