Impact craters are scars or holes on the surface of a planet, moon, or asteroid that are caused by the collision of an object, such as a meteor or comet, with that celestial body.
Full definition
A
small impact crater near the tip of the heart is responsible for the formation of the bright, heart - shaped feature.
A team of Italian scientists has found evidence of a possible
impact crater about 10 kilometers from ground zero.
Previous studies
of impact craters on Earth hinted that these 60 - atom balls of carbon might exist in space.
For their exhibition at the MCA, the Belknaps look both to the skies overhead and the ground beneath our feet to find their subjects, whether they are modeling the cratered surface of the moon or distant exoplanets in a set of new sculptures or comparing the two largest
impact craters on the moon and the earth in other recent works.
Especially astonishing to scientists was the total absence of
impact craters in a zoom - in shot of one otherwise rugged slice of Pluto.
Moreover, they add, five out of the six
largest impact craters of the last 260 million years on earth correlate with mass extinction events.
Ancient impact craters on Mars were probably also home to hydrothermal activity, making them good places to search for signs of life, the team reports online February 19 in Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta.
The record of history, as written in the
many impact craters on Earth and the moon, demonstrate that it is just a matter of time before astronomers discover a near Earth object (NEO) headed toward a collision with Earth.
By contrast, the findings of this new study suggest that extensive hydrothermal systems operated in an enclosed
impact crater at Sudbury, Ontario, Canada.»
Hubble resolves Martian surface features with a level of detail only exceeded by planetary probes, such
as impact craters and other features as small as 30 miles (50 kilometers) across.
The moon is a cold, dry orb whose surface is studded with craters and strewn with rocks and dust (called Figure Meteor Crater, Arizona, is a
recent impact crater similar to those found on the Moon.
Researchers from Brown University have used satellite data to detect deposits of glass
within impact craters on Mars.
The funnellike shape of Lake Cheko, in contrast, resembles those of
known impact craters of similar size — for instance, the so - called Odessa crater, which was created 25,000 years ago by the impact of a small asteroid in what is now Odessa, Tex..
In order to prepare Canadian Space Agency (CSA) astronaut Jeremy Hansen for future international missions to the Moon or Mars, he joins Western University planetary geologist Gordon «Oz» Osinski and his research team to the Canadian Arctic July 1 - 12 to investigate a possible new
meteorite impact crater.
He journeys to the center of the
Chicxulub impact crater in Mexico and to the site of purported tsunami deposits on a Texas ranch.
And in September, Brandon Johnson, also at Brown, and colleagues published in the same journal that an ancient
impact crater called Sputnik Planum (part of the world's famous «heart») also shows signs of sitting over a watery jackpot.
The most conspicuous feature on Vesta is a
giant impact crater located around its south polar region, which is 310 miles (499 kilometers) across and nearly 12 miles (19 km) deep around a «bull's - eye» central peak rising 11 miles (or 18 km) above the exposed mantle rock of the crater floor — that is characteristic of rock rebounding from an impact.
The scarps directly expose bright glimpses into vast underground ice previously detected with spectrometers on NASA's Mars Odyssey (MRO) orbiter, with ground - penetrating radar instruments on MRO and on the European Space Agency's Mars Express orbiter, and with observations of
fresh impact craters that uncover subsurface ice.
Recently, geologists suggested these grains may have formed in huge
impact craters produced as chunks of rock from space, up to several km in diameter, slammed into a young Earth.
This is a map view of the impact region outlining the
Alamo impact crater and the possible location (dotted lines and question marks) of its complex crater features.
Peering down
into impact craters, the probe's cameras have seen evidence that the planet was shaped by several massive floods of lava billions of years ago.
«The most striking thing about this image is, we have not yet found a
single impact crater on this region,» Spencer said, adding that the smooth terrain suggests it is much younger than the 4.5 - billion - year - old solar system.
Indeed, a paper by co-author John Sutherland — a chemist at the Medical Research Council Laboratory for Molecular Biology in Cambridge, U.K. — suggests that all the basic chemicals for life can be cooked up in a water -
filled impact crater.
There are
few impact craters on the surface; in general, the older a surface is on Mars, the more cratered it appears.
Getting better dates
for impact craters on the Moon, for instance, can help establish whether the Solar System experienced a cataclysmic meteorite bombardment 4 billion years ago.
Each grainy image took eight hours to receive, but the payoff was huge: Surprising evidence of
deep impact craters banished the popular idea of Mars as a chillier version of Earth.
Hubble Space Telescope had already revealed the peak or mound in the left - center; it marks the heart of an
enormous impact crater spanning 460 kilometers (apparently hard to see from this perspective).
Overturn from convection would
erase impact craters and renew this section of the dwarf planet's surface, which fits with the data New Horizons provided.
In another scene, mimicking the popular Absolut Vodka advertising of the time, GALA's ad featured a liquor - bottle
shaped impact crater as damage to the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building, site of the 1995 Oklahoma City Bombing, a domestic terrorist attack that killed 168 people.
«The red arcs must be geologically young because they cut across older features
like impact craters, but we don't know their age in years,» Paul Helfenstein, a Cassini imaging scientist at Cornell University, Ithaca, in New York, said in the statement.
But rather than a monotonously uniform surface homogenized by
impact cratering over the eons, the first up - close look at the asteroid reveals a full palette of mineral «colors» (mapped here in false color reflecting the wide range of rock compositions).
The map also shows that some small
impact craters up to 2,000 kilometers from Orientale have been filled in with plains material.
Some smaller
impact craters appear filled in with the material, potentially reshaping our understanding of the moon's history.
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