Kim M. J., G. A. Novak, M. C. Zoerb, M. Yang, B. W. Blomquist, B. J. Huebert, C. D. Cappa and T. H. Bertram (April 2017): Air - Sea exchange of biogenic volatile organic compounds and
the impact on aerosol particle size distributions.
Whether these reactions produce condensing vapours that can condense onto the smallest particles or even molecules can have strong
impacts on aerosol formation.
Not exact matches
Short - term exposure studies of e-cigarette use show a negative
impact on lung function and bystanders absorb nicotine from passive exposure to e-cigarette
aerosol, the authors report.
«Tiny particles have outsize
impact on storm clouds, precipitation: Amazon rainforest provides a unique natural lab to study effects of
aerosols.»
«We've shown that under clean and humid conditions, like those that exist over the ocean and some land in the tropics, tiny
aerosols have a big
impact on weather and climate and can intensify storms a great deal,» said Fan, an expert
on the effects of pollution
on storms and weather.
Unfortunately, current simulation models, which combine global climate models with
aerosol transport models, consistently underestimate the amount of these
aerosols in the Arctic compared to actual measurements during the spring and winter seasons, making it difficult to accurately assess the
impact of these substances
on the climate.
Computer models suggest that deploying
aerosols can have «an appreciable
impact on tropical cyclone intensity,» writes William Cotton, an atmospheric scientist at Colorado State University.
«There is a link between the chemistry that goes
on in this type of air motion and the subsequent effects
on the trace gases and
aerosols in the atmosphere that ultimately
impact climate.»
They conducted nine separate analyses, which spanned 2003 to 2014 and covered all of China, to compare the
impact of
aerosols compared to clouds
on solar power generation with and without technology that tracks the sun as it moves across the sky.
ARO scientists monitor a range of atmospheric phenomena, from the influence of gases and
aerosols on Earth's climate to the
impact of pollutants in the atmosphere.
In the tug of war,
aerosols don't necessarily counter the
impacts of climate change
on sea ice (or the planet as a whole for that matter).
«
Aerosols have quite a substantial
impact on Arctic climate.»
The National Science Foundation's Center for Chemical Innovation supports the Center for
Aerosol Impacts on Climate and the Environment (CHE 1038028).
Moving the chemical complexity of the ocean to the laboratory represented a major advance that will enable many new studies to be performed,» said Kimberly Prather, Distinguished Chair in Atmospheric Chemistry at the University of California, San Diego and director of the Center for
Aerosol Impacts on Climate and the Environment, who led the team of more than 30 scientists involved in this project.
In a separate study published Wednesday, researchers at the RIKEN Advanced Institute for Computational Science in Japan, said
aerosols in the Arctic have a «profound»
impact on the global climate system.
«Huge amounts of
aerosols from Asia go as high as six miles up in the atmosphere and these have an unmistakable
impact on cloud formations and weather.»
This mission is fulfilled by operating atmospheric observatories around the world that collect massive amounts of atmospheric measurements to provide data products that help scientists study the effects and interactions of clouds and
aerosols and their
impact on the earth's energy balance.
The ARM Facility has provided the world's atmospheric scientists with continuous observations of cloud and
aerosol properties and their
impacts on the Earth's energy balance for more than 20 years.
Zhang adds that «we need to do some future research
on exactly how these
aerosols are transported globally and
impact climate.
Hienola, A., Partanen, A. - I., Pietikäinen, J. - P., O'Donnel, D., Korhonen, H., Matthews, D., and Laaksonen, A.: The
impact of
aerosol emissions
on the 1.5 °C pathways, Environ.
Microphysical effects determine macrophysical response for
aerosol impacts on deep convective clouds, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, Early Edition online the week of November 11 - 15, 2013, DOI: 10.1073 / pnas.1316830110.
Most complete dataset ever collected helps scientists understand
aerosols»
impacts on clouds
Much of this uncertainty is due to the complexity of
aerosols and their interactions with and
impacts on cloud processes and properties, as well as the wide range of scales
on which these interactions occur.
Because small - scale climate features, such as clouds and atmospheric
aerosol particles, have a large
impact on global climate, it's important to improve the methods used to represent those climate features in the models.
He is particularly interested in the role of
aerosols and clouds in the atmosphere, and has worked
on the processes that describe these components of the atmosphere, the computational details that are needed to describe them in computer models, and
on their
impact on climate.
Delworth, T.L., V. Ramaswamy, and G.L. Stenchikov, 2005: The
impact of
aerosols on simulated ocean temperature and heat content in the 20th century.
The ARM data will provide more detailed measurements of both
aerosols and clouds to assist the research team in quantifying the
impacts of
aerosols on precipitation under a variety of atmospheric and pollution conditions.
These changes made China a unique region to investigate the
impact of
aerosols on regional climate and the hydrological cycle.
Analyzing such systems, whether they are
on the surface of a catalyst, a microbial community, or atmospheric
aerosols, and understanding their
impact requires tools that can accurately identify and quantify hundreds of molecules,» said Dr. Julia Laskin, a PNNL chemist, who has been advancing the frontiers of the Nanospray Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry, nicknamed nano - DESI, for the last 3 years.
From its base in Namibia, the Observations of Clouds above
Aerosols and their Interactions (ORACLES) study will use airborne instruments this fall to probe the
impact on climate and rainfall of the interaction between clouds over the southeastern Atlantic Ocean and smoke from vegetation burning in southern Africa.
He is leading projects investigating the
impacts of snow and ice impurities
on climate and water resources, and the
aerosol sub-grid progress and parameterizations in climate models.
This prompted him to both produce and direct a two hour documentary film
on the global
impact of
aerosol culture called Get The Message.
From the Physical Science Basis: «Shindell et al. (2009) estimated the
impact of reactive species emissions
on both gaseous and
aerosol forcing species and found that ozone precursors, including methane, had an additional substantial climate effect because they increased or decreased the rate of oxidation of SO2 to sulphate
aerosol.
Solar activity
impacts on climate are a fascinating topic, and encompass direct radiative processes, indirect effects via atmospheric chemistry and (potentially)
aerosol formation effects.
The results presented are of the
impact of ionization
on the formation rate of
aerosols with size ~ 4 nanometers (nm), as shown in the figure below:
Similarly, we have not been able to tell how much of the
aerosol is capable of interacting with liquid or ice clouds (which depends
on the different
aerosols» affinity for water), and that
impacts our assessment of the
aerosol indirect effect.
And, the massive plumes of China / India
aerosols may be having some
impact on ocean surface temperatures east of the Date Line.
To make such statements wouldn't we have to know the 3 - D dust field in the LGM and the
impact of those
aerosols on clouds (and planetary albedo)?
It is conceivable that
aerosol effects (which includes «smoke») could also affect the lapse rate, but the
aerosols tend to warm where they are located and depending
on the composition, cool below — this gives an
impact that — if it was a large factor in the tropical mean — would produce changes even larger than predicted from the moist adiabatic theory.
Similarly, the more protracted the state of reduced volcanic activity — > the larger and longer the reduction in
aerosol concentrations — > the larger and more persistent the
impact on temperatures.
'' Nunn - McCurdy certified NPOESS — Priority placed
on continuity of operational weather measurements — Pre Nunn - McCurdy: 3 orbits and 6 spacecraft — Post Nunn - McCurdy: 2 orbits and 4 spacecraft •
Impacts to Climate Sensors — Five climate oriented sensors de-manifested • APS (
aerosols), TSIS (solar irrad.)
This section only assesses the aspects that are unique to the aviation sector, namely the formation of persistent condensation trails (contrails), their
impact on cirrus cloudiness, and the effects of aviation
aerosols.
«
Impact of interannual variations in sources of insoluble
aerosol species
on orographic precipitation over California's central Sierra Nevada.»
And second, direct further use of stratospheric
aerosol injection (SAI)-- but in the opposite hemisphere, so as to partially stabilise
impacts on precipitation (while possibly further forcing down global temperature).
Now, since the cloud /
aerosols issue has reared its ugly head, internal ocean dynamics also can have a profound
impact on climate.
The long - term
impacts of
aerosols on the vertical development of clouds and precipitation.
Because sunlight affects the maximum day - time temperature,
aerosols should have a noticeable cooling
impact on it.
This reveals an ignorance of the literature, otherwise you'd know that the extent of
aerosol cooling is estimated from the measured
aerosol optical depth due to volcanic eruptions and their consequent
impact on global temperature, and estimates of
aerosol emissions during the 20th century.
The meeting will mainly cover the following themes, but can include other topics related to understanding and modelling the atmosphere: ● Surface drag and momentum transport: orographic drag, convective momentum transport ● Processes relevant for polar prediction: stable boundary layers, mixed - phase clouds ● Shallow and deep convection: stochasticity, scale - awareness, organization, grey zone issues ● Clouds and circulation feedbacks: boundary - layer clouds, CFMIP, cirrus ● Microphysics and
aerosol - cloud interactions: microphysical observations, parameterization, process studies
on aerosol - cloud interactions ● Radiation: circulation coupling; interaction between radiation and clouds ● Land - atmosphere interactions: Role of land processes (snow, soil moisture, soil temperature, and vegetation) in sub-seasonal to seasonal (S2S) prediction ● Physics - dynamics coupling: numerical methods, scale - separation and grey - zone, thermodynamic consistency ● Next generation model development: the challenge of exascale, dynamical core developments, regional refinement, super-parametrization ● High
Impact and Extreme Weather: role of convective scale models; ensembles; relevant challenges for model development
Basic physical science considerations, exploratory climate modeling, and the
impacts of volcanic
aerosols on climate all suggest that SWCE could partially compensate for some effects — particularly net global warming — of increased atmospheric CO2.