Sentences with phrase «impacts of a given policy»

The key to CBA is identifying and quantifying all of the relevant impacts of a given policy or investment (versus other scarce choices) as both benefits and costs, from one or more viewpoints, in terms of money and discounted for time.»

Not exact matches

Kostin said that these correlations are «mean - reverting» and are likely to fall given the idiosyncratic impact of policy risks, adding that equities within the consumer discretionary and health care sectors offer the best stock - picking opportunities.

Such risks, uncertainties and other factors include, without limitation: (1) the effect of economic conditions in the industries and markets in which United Technologies and Rockwell Collins operate in the U.S. and globally and any changes therein, including financial market conditions, fluctuations in commodity prices, interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates, levels of end market demand in construction and in both the commercial and defense segments of the aerospace industry, levels of air travel, financial condition of commercial airlines, the impact of weather conditions and natural disasters and the financial condition of our customers and suppliers; (2) challenges in the development, production, delivery, support, performance and realization of the anticipated benefits of advanced technologies and new products and services; (3) the scope, nature, impact or timing of acquisition and divestiture or restructuring activity, including the pending acquisition of Rockwell Collins, including among other things integration of acquired businesses into United Technologies» existing businesses and realization of synergies and opportunities for growth and innovation; (4) future timing and levels of indebtedness, including indebtedness expected to be incurred by United Technologies in connection with the pending Rockwell Collins acquisition, and capital spending and research and development spending, including in connection with the pending Rockwell Collins acquisition; (5) future availability of credit and factors that may affect such availability, including credit market conditions and our capital structure; (6) the timing and scope of future repurchases of United Technologies» common stock, which may be suspended at any time due to various factors, including market conditions and the level of other investing activities and uses of cash, including in connection with the proposed acquisition of Rockwell; (7) delays and disruption in delivery of materials and services from suppliers; (8) company and customer - directed cost reduction efforts and restructuring costs and savings and other consequences thereof; (9) new business and investment opportunities; (10) our ability to realize the intended benefits of organizational changes; (11) the anticipated benefits of diversification and balance of operations across product lines, regions and industries; (12) the outcome of legal proceedings, investigations and other contingencies; (13) pension plan assumptions and future contributions; (14) the impact of the negotiation of collective bargaining agreements and labor disputes; (15) the effect of changes in political conditions in the U.S. and other countries in which United Technologies and Rockwell Collins operate, including the effect of changes in U.S. trade policies or the U.K.'s pending withdrawal from the EU, on general market conditions, global trade policies and currency exchange rates in the near term and beyond; (16) the effect of changes in tax (including U.S. tax reform enacted on December 22, 2017, which is commonly referred to as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017), environmental, regulatory (including among other things import / export) and other laws and regulations in the U.S. and other countries in which United Technologies and Rockwell Collins operate; (17) the ability of United Technologies and Rockwell Collins to receive the required regulatory approvals (and the risk that such approvals may result in the imposition of conditions that could adversely affect the combined company or the expected benefits of the merger) and to satisfy the other conditions to the closing of the pending acquisition on a timely basis or at all; (18) the occurrence of events that may give rise to a right of one or both of United Technologies or Rockwell Collins to terminate the merger agreement, including in circumstances that might require Rockwell Collins to pay a termination fee of $ 695 million to United Technologies or $ 50 million of expense reimbursement; (19) negative effects of the announcement or the completion of the merger on the market price of United Technologies» and / or Rockwell Collins» common stock and / or on their respective financial performance; (20) risks related to Rockwell Collins and United Technologies being restricted in their operation of their businesses while the merger agreement is in effect; (21) risks relating to the value of the United Technologies» shares to be issued in connection with the pending Rockwell acquisition, significant merger costs and / or unknown liabilities; (22) risks associated with third party contracts containing consent and / or other provisions that may be triggered by the Rockwell merger agreement; (23) risks associated with merger - related litigation or appraisal proceedings; and (24) the ability of United Technologies and Rockwell Collins, or the combined company, to retain and hire key personnel.

«This would offset the impact of a decline in the long - run neutral real rate of interest by giving the (Fed) more «policy space» to respond to adverse shocks,» Kocherlakota said.

They contend that its open policies prove the benefits of experimenting with data and using information to establish a «direct relationship between an individual's decisions and their impact on the business» — something the grocery chain accomplishes by giving each employee high - level access to the company's financial data, and therefore a greater stake in the business.

Instead of multiple currencies slowing the impact of German wage policies, the creation of the euro gave these policies far more traction than they would have otherwise had.

In my personal opinion, the emphasis upon taking out insurance against downside risks lies in conflict with the shift to data dependency given long and variable lags of monetary policy impacts on the broader economy which could have counselled front - loading insurance cuts rather than scattering them (if delivering any more at all) in which case precious little insurance has been taken out.

These changes, their drivers and the potential impact that both might have on fixed income markets are of particular interest to policymakers, given the relevance of these markets to monetary policy and financial stability.

However, given the recent deterioration in the growth outlook in Europe and several Emerging Market countries, our view is that Canada's larger share of exports will likely have a relatively larger «negative» impact on Canadian growth, and by inference cause the BoC to be more cautious raising policy rates than the Fed.

Given the introduction of several new ECB policies yesterday (expanded QE; purchases of nonfinancial, investment grade corporate debt; new refinancing programs; incentives to reduce the impact of negative interest rates on banks and spur lending) we think the outlook for European credit and equities is quite constructive.

Whether you have concerns about school lunch or child nutrition happens to be a passion for you, joining your school districts local wellness policy committee could give you the opportunity to have a positive impact on school food for all of the school children in your area.

Priority should be given to framing policy to reflect the impact on rural communities, on a number of different issues:

Lords reform, tax reform, and some movement on civil liberties (the National ID card scheme, or the Digital Economy Act) would give visible evidence of their policy impact.

According to him, given the level of impact the policy had made on parents who have been relieved of the financial...

The SLF therefore reiterates its strong support for Coalition policy towards the Post Office, and calls on Liberal Democrat ministers to carefully bear in mind the impact of reforms to Royal Mail, giving full consideration to increased worker - and public - ownership.

Given that Medicare data from other states are available, the approach could be used more broadly to measure the health impacts of immigration policy nationwide, says Tom Wong, a political scientist at the University of California, San Diego.

This will give policy makers a comprehensive picture of where there's been a lack of funding relative to the impact of the disease and help to set global research investment priorities,» Dr Clarke adds.

«Given the novelty, we would expect that the study will be useful in demonstrating just how much of an impact changes in food production can make and increase the utility of such options in climate - change policy,» Harwatt said.

Given the difficulty of impacting change in small stores, much of the policy focus has been on decreasing food deserts by increasing the number of supermarkets in these areas.

And my reputation as a committee chair is that I gave an awful lot of things for freshman and sophomore committee members to do, so that they could go back to their districts and say that they had accomplishments, both in terms of their standing in their districts but also in impacting national policy.

The policies governing NIH grants, contained in a document called Office of Management and Budget Circular A-21, do not include a broader impacts criterion, although PIs and postdocs each have a «dual role» as persons who are simultaneously both working on a specific research project and giving or receiving training, says Walter Schaffer, NIH senior scientific adviser for extramural research, in an interview with Science Careers.

Given the rapidly evolving landscape of marijuana policy, they say further study will be important to understand how changes in marijuana laws impact the use of alcohol and other drugs.

Given the contentiousness of these policies and the political volatility associated with Mayor Fenty's loss and Chancellor Rhee's resignation, teachers may have reasonably doubted the staying power of IMPACT's performance - based dismissal threats, opting not to respond to its incentives.

Given the various social, economic, and educational factors at work before and after NCLB was implemented, it is difficult to draw strong conclusions about the policy's impact from a simple comparison of achievement trends before and after enactment of the law.

The departments, citing the Civil Rights Act of 1964, gave the school districts «guidance on how to identify, avoid, and remedy discriminatory discipline,» telling them they risked legal action if school disciplinary policies had «a disparate impact, i.e., a disproportionate and unjustified effect on students of a particular race.»

Reporting on the statistics The effects of this disastrous triumvirate on the education pipeline is made apparent in the NSEAD Survey Report 2015 ‑ 16, that asked how, over the last five years, has government policy impacted on art craft and design education, looking at curriculum provision in art and design, the value given to art and design in schools and colleges, professional development opportunities and the well ‑ being and workload of art and design teachers.

Early impact studies will virtually never provide the «final answer» as to the effectiveness of any given policy, and researchers should explicitly caution against the interpretation of their work as such.

Given the existence of sizable gaps in English achievement between boys and girls, the impact of the program by gender is also of policy interest.

The studies themselves weren't designed to isolate any of those factors to measure their direct impact — and more research doing just that is needed to give policymakers a clear road map to success, says Grover Whitehurst, director of the Brown Center on Education Policy at The Brookings Institution in Washington.

There is little research about the impact of school closings on student achievement, according to Barbara Gross of the Annenberg Institute for School Reform, a nonprofit educational research and policy group that has been giving technical help to the activists.

The article discusses the impact of personalized learning which includes as per policy analyzer RAND Corp., students scored over the national averages, it gave flexible environment and customized learning, however, experts noted it caters to individual needs and controls randomly.

Kane doesn't give many details about his model, but if we look at Mathematica Policy Research, which creates the value - added for Washington, D.C., they write «for teachers with the lowest possible IMPACT score in math — the bottom 3.6 percent of DCPS teachers — one can say with at least 99.9 percent confidence that these teachers were below average in 2010.»

Given the complex needs and challenges that Lampron's students face, it's a huge and important question to tackle — and it's led to a core team of teachers, district staff, support staff, and administrators engaging in conversations around topics such as discipline policies, classroom management, staff roles, forming relationships with students, and shifting school culture to understand the impact of trauma.

On October 11, 2016, Dr. Mwangi Githuri, the Director of Biodiversity and Social Monitoring at Wildlife Works, leading teams assessing environmental and social impacts of REDD + projects in Africa, gave a thrilling seminar on Implementing Redd +: Policy and practical issues from the local to the national levels.

Items like storm - resistant roofing can also give locals a benefit in terms of home policy rates, since the area does get impacted by some types of storms.

It's unfortunate that this loss or delay of valuable information that would support solid policy shift on mitigating climate change and reducing impacts including saving human lives, is not given more meaningful coverage in mainstream press.

By midcentury, this would add up to nearly a quarter - billion more Chinese than currently projected by the U.N. And given China's impact on the environment, especially greenhouse gas emissions, this change of policy clearly portends a great deal.

Given the human tendency to favor current needs over future risks, some environmental and legal scholars are proposing that governments at various levels appoint a «legal guardian of future generations» to consider the impact of policy choices on citizens yet unborn.

To many economists and policy - makers, a market - based means of limiting carbon dioxide emissions makes sense, given that they are produced in every sector of the global economy, with impacts felt over the entire planet.

Climate policy through the abatement of greenhouse gas emissions is important, given the likelihood that continued warming of the planet could lead to other (sometimes irreversible) impacts in second half of the 21st century.

The problem is, the selling of this climate policy process has been trying to avoid the conversation of the impact of cap, giving everybody something to beat on in terms of trade (and therefore association with wall street, derivatives, china bashing, and a host of other things)

When you argue that a nation emitting high levels of ghgs need not adopt climate change policies because there is scientific uncertainty about adverse climate change impacts, are you arguing that a nation need not take action on climate change until scientific uncertainties are resolved given that waiting to resolve all scientific uncertainties before action is taken may very likely make it too late to prevent catastrophic climate change harms to millions of people around the world?

Similar adaptations and coping strategies can, given supportive policies and institutions, form the basis for adaptation to climate change, although the effectiveness of such approaches will depend on the severity and speed of climate change impacts.

As policy makers contend with deve - loping responses to climate change and its impacts in Alaska and beyond, it is imperative that the use and interpretation of scientific studies to support policy development minimizes any potential for bias by giving due consideration to the methodsused to estimate temperature change.

More substantively, the Telegraph, Mail and others fail to give a full picture of the impact of government policy on bills.

The administrator and the administration has decided to move forward on endangerment, and your comments do not help the legal or policy case for this decision... I can only see one impact of your comments given where we are in the process, and that would be a very negative impact on our office.»

CCC's Sandee Recabar expounded on climate policies for local governments and the role of the Commission in support of them, as well as gave examples of subnational contributions given emerging directions of nationally determined contributions or efforts by each country to reduce national emissions and adapt to the impacts of climate change.

First off, they certainly do have the most expertise when it comes to «what is the likely impact of a given emission policy on CO2 concentrations and global mean temperature»?

More importantly, you say: «First off, they (climate scientists) certainly do have the most expertise when it comes to «what is the likely impact of a given emission policy on CO2 concentrations and global mean temperature»?

Externalities may be addressed by either a tax / credit or some other public policy, public ownership and management of the commons, or privatization of the commons, or through court actions — each option may have it's own costs — for example, the large - scale privatization of the climate system may be impractical with given technology (analogy with toll roads), and even without that, it has at least an aesthetic cost (nature is supposed to be nature; and psychologically, humans may benifit from some amount of public space) and perhaps scientific (ie nature — in this context, nature as it is with relatively small impacts of humankind — is not nature if it is not being itself) costs; there may be inefficiencies in the court system that could be bypassed for issues that are easily addressed with legislation (unless we had a class - action lawsuit on behalf of all people now until the year).