Sentences with phrase «impacts of aerosols on climate»

The impacts of aerosols on climate are significant, but also very uncertain.

[~ 17 model years](Motivation: Variation in the climate response across models will be a function of (a) different climate sensitivity in the GCMs, (b) different impact of aerosols on climate (due to location with respect to clouds, water uptake, natural aerosols, mixing, etc), and (c) different 3D constituent fields from the composition models.

Not exact matches

«We've shown that under clean and humid conditions, like those that exist over the ocean and some land in the tropics, tiny aerosols have a big impact on weather and climate and can intensify storms a great deal,» said Fan, an expert on the effects of pollution on storms and weather.

Unfortunately, current simulation models, which combine global climate models with aerosol transport models, consistently underestimate the amount of these aerosols in the Arctic compared to actual measurements during the spring and winter seasons, making it difficult to accurately assess the impact of these substances on the climate.

«There is a link between the chemistry that goes on in this type of air motion and the subsequent effects on the trace gases and aerosols in the atmosphere that ultimately impact climate.»

ARO scientists monitor a range of atmospheric phenomena, from the influence of gases and aerosols on Earth's climate to the impact of pollutants in the atmosphere.

In the tug of war, aerosols don't necessarily counter the impacts of climate change on sea ice (or the planet as a whole for that matter).

Moving the chemical complexity of the ocean to the laboratory represented a major advance that will enable many new studies to be performed,» said Kimberly Prather, Distinguished Chair in Atmospheric Chemistry at the University of California, San Diego and director of the Center for Aerosol Impacts on Climate and the Environment, who led the team of more than 30 scientists involved in this project.

He is particularly interested in the role of aerosols and clouds in the atmosphere, and has worked on the processes that describe these components of the atmosphere, the computational details that are needed to describe them in computer models, and on their impact on climate.

These changes made China a unique region to investigate the impact of aerosols on regional climate and the hydrological cycle.

From its base in Namibia, the Observations of Clouds above Aerosols and their Interactions (ORACLES) study will use airborne instruments this fall to probe the impact on climate and rainfall of the interaction between clouds over the southeastern Atlantic Ocean and smoke from vegetation burning in southern Africa.

He is leading projects investigating the impacts of snow and ice impurities on climate and water resources, and the aerosol sub-grid progress and parameterizations in climate models.

From the Physical Science Basis: «Shindell et al. (2009) estimated the impact of reactive species emissions on both gaseous and aerosol forcing species and found that ozone precursors, including methane, had an additional substantial climate effect because they increased or decreased the rate of oxidation of SO2 to sulphate aerosol.

'' Nunn - McCurdy certified NPOESS — Priority placed on continuity of operational weather measurements — Pre Nunn - McCurdy: 3 orbits and 6 spacecraft — Post Nunn - McCurdy: 2 orbits and 4 spacecraft • Impacts to Climate Sensors — Five climate oriented sensors de-manifested • APS (aerosols), TSIS (solar Climate Sensors — Five climate oriented sensors de-manifested • APS (aerosols), TSIS (solar climate oriented sensors de-manifested • APS (aerosols), TSIS (solar irrad.)

Basic physical science considerations, exploratory climate modeling, and the impacts of volcanic aerosols on climate all suggest that SWCE could partially compensate for some effects — particularly net global warming — of increased atmospheric CO2.

I have devoted 30 years to conducting research on topics including climate feedback processes in the Arctic, energy exchange between the ocean and atmosphere, the role of clouds and aerosols in the climate system, and the impact of climate change on the characteristics of tropical cyclones.

I added several comments e.g. about the (minor) impact of human aerosols on temperature, which implies that the effect of GHGs is also less than incorporated in climate models.

The estimates — based on analysis of fire's impact on emissions of carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, and methane; albedo or the reflectivity of Earth's surface; and release of aerosols and other particulates — suggest fire plays a major large role in climate than conventionally believed.

As part of that calculation, researchers have relied on simplifying assumptions when accounting for the temperature impacts of climate drivers other than carbon dioxide, such as tiny particles in the atmosphere known as aerosols, for example.»

«Evidence for climate change in the satellite cloud record» «Cloud feedback mechanisms and their representation in global climate models» «A net decrease in the Earth's cloud, aerosol, and surface 340 nm reflectivity during the past 33 yr (1979 — 2011)» «New observational evidence for a positive cloud feedback that amplifies the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation» «Impact of dataset choice on calculations of the short - term cloud feedback»

Current global climate models suggest that the water vapor feedback to global warming due to carbon dioxide increases is weak but these models do not fully resolve the tropopause or the cold point, nor do they completely represent the QBO [Quasi Biennial Oscillation], deep convective transport and its linkages to SSTs, or the impact of aerosol heating on water input to the stratosphere.

Aerosol collections on the NOAA Ron Brown for subsequent processing of INP activation temperature spectra and composition analyses, add a valuable measurement to the ACAPEX and related CalWater2 (NOAA) studies for use in parameterizing and modeling the impacts of marine boundary layer and other aerosols on climate and radiation via aerosol - indirect effects on mixed phase Aerosol collections on the NOAA Ron Brown for subsequent processing of INP activation temperature spectra and composition analyses, add a valuable measurement to the ACAPEX and related CalWater2 (NOAA) studies for use in parameterizing and modeling the impacts of marine boundary layer and other aerosols on climate and radiation via aerosol - indirect effects on mixed phase aerosol - indirect effects on mixed phase clouds.

Pitari, G., E. Mancini, V. Rizi, and D.T. Shindell, 2002: Impact of future climate and emission changes on stratospheric aerosols and ozone.

Menon, S., and A.D. Del Genio, 2007: Evaluating the impacts of carbonaceous aerosols on clouds and climate.

This section assesses (1) the impact of meteorological (climatic) factors like wind, temperature and precipitation on the natural aerosol burden and (2) possible effects of aerosols on climate parameters and biogeochemistry.

As is, the huge uncertainty about aerosols means that in principle net human impact on climate could have always netted out to something close to zero with most of the temperature change due to natural trends.

The impact of aerosols on the atmosphere is widely acknowledged as one of the most significant and uncertain aspects of climate change projections.

Aerosol impacts remain a source of major uncertainty in climate prediction in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 4th Assessment Report (2007).5 Recent and ongoing missions and instruments providing aerosol information include TOMS (1979 --RRB-, AVHRR (1979 --RRB-, MODIS (1999 --RRB-, MISR (1999 --RRB-, POLDER (2002 --RRB-, (A) ATSR (1991 --RRB-, PARASOL (2006 --RRB-, SCIAMACHY (2003 --RRB-, CALIPSO (2006 --RRB-, GLAS (2003 --RRB-, OMI (2004 --RRB-, and AIRS (2002 Aerosol impacts remain a source of major uncertainty in climate prediction in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 4th Assessment Report (2007).5 Recent and ongoing missions and instruments providing aerosol information include TOMS (1979 --RRB-, AVHRR (1979 --RRB-, MODIS (1999 --RRB-, MISR (1999 --RRB-, POLDER (2002 --RRB-, (A) ATSR (1991 --RRB-, PARASOL (2006 --RRB-, SCIAMACHY (2003 --RRB-, CALIPSO (2006 --RRB-, GLAS (2003 --RRB-, OMI (2004 --RRB-, and AIRS (2002 climate prediction in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 4th Assessment Report (2007).5 Recent and ongoing missions and instruments providing aerosol information include TOMS (1979 --RRB-, AVHRR (1979 --RRB-, MODIS (1999 --RRB-, MISR (1999 --RRB-, POLDER (2002 --RRB-, (A) ATSR (1991 --RRB-, PARASOL (2006 --RRB-, SCIAMACHY (2003 --RRB-, CALIPSO (2006 --RRB-, GLAS (2003 --RRB-, OMI (2004 --RRB-, and AIRS (2002 Climate Change (IPCC) 4th Assessment Report (2007).5 Recent and ongoing missions and instruments providing aerosol information include TOMS (1979 --RRB-, AVHRR (1979 --RRB-, MODIS (1999 --RRB-, MISR (1999 --RRB-, POLDER (2002 --RRB-, (A) ATSR (1991 --RRB-, PARASOL (2006 --RRB-, SCIAMACHY (2003 --RRB-, CALIPSO (2006 --RRB-, GLAS (2003 --RRB-, OMI (2004 --RRB-, and AIRS (2002 aerosol information include TOMS (1979 --RRB-, AVHRR (1979 --RRB-, MODIS (1999 --RRB-, MISR (1999 --RRB-, POLDER (2002 --RRB-, (A) ATSR (1991 --RRB-, PARASOL (2006 --RRB-, SCIAMACHY (2003 --RRB-, CALIPSO (2006 --RRB-, GLAS (2003 --RRB-, OMI (2004 --RRB-, and AIRS (2002 --RRB-.

The aerosol indirect effects are the greatest source of uncertainty in assessing the human impact on climate change (reviewed here.

The climate feedbacks involved with these changes, which are key in understanding the climate system as a whole, include: + the importance of aerosol absorption on climate + the impact of aerosol deposition which affects biology and, hence, emissions of aerosols and aerosol precursors via organic nitrogen, organic phosphorus and iron fertilization + the importance of land use and land use changes on natural and anthropogenic aerosol sources + the SOA sources and impact on climate, with special attention on the impact human activities have on natural SOA formation In order to quantitatively answer such questions I perform simulations of the past, present and future atmospheres, and make comparisons with measurements and remote sensing data, all of which help understand, evaluate and improve the model's parameterizations and performance, and our understanding of the Earth system.

Topics that I work on or plan to work in the future include studies of: + missing aerosol species and sources, such as the primary oceanic aerosols and their importance on the remote marine atmosphere, the in - cloud and aerosol water aqueous formation of organic aerosols that can lead to brown carbon formation, the primary terrestrial biological particles, and the organic nitrogen + missing aerosol parameterizations, such as the effect of aerosol mixing on cloud condensation nuclei and aerosol absorption, the semi-volatility of primary organic aerosols, the importance of in - canopy processes on natural terrestrial aerosol and aerosol precursor sources, and the mineral dust iron solubility and bioavailability + the change of aerosol burden and its spatiotemporal distribution, especially with regard to its role and importance on gas - phase chemistry via photolysis rates changes and heterogeneous reactions in the atmosphere, as well as their effect on key gas - phase species like ozone + the physical and optical properties of aerosols, which affect aerosol transport, lifetime, and light scattering and absorption, with the latter being very sensitive to the vertical distribution of absorbing aerosols + aerosol - cloud interactions, which include cloud activation, the aerosol indirect effect and the impact of clouds on aerosol removal + changes on climate and feedbacks related with all these topics In order to understand the climate system as a whole, improve the aerosol representation in the GISS ModelE2 and contribute to future IPCC climate change assessments and CMIP activities, I am also interested in understanding the importance of natural and anthropogenic aerosol changes in the atmosphere on the terrestrial biosphere, the ocean and climate.