Modifying a histone called H3K27 shuts down the activity of
some imprinted genes in mice, Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) Investigator Yi Zhang and colleagues report July 19 in the journal Nature.
This study led to the discovery of 18 new imprinted genes, validated some known genes and resolved the disputed status of some others to provide a gold standard list of 93
imprinted genes in mouse.
FINDINGS The researchers identified 32 known imprinted genes, but no new ones, implying that the list of
imprinted genes in the mouse — at least in embryonic fibroblasts — is nearly complete, says Morison, who was not involved in the study (Nucleic Acids Res, 42:1772 - 83, 2014).
Not exact matches
Until now, roughly 150
imprinted genes have been found
in mice and about half that number
in humans.
One leap forward came
in 1991, when the first
imprinted genes were reported
in mice, says Marisa Bartolomei, one of the co-discoverers, who was a postdoctoral fellow at the time and is now at the University of Pennsylvania.
There is also the fact that Kono and Kawahara had to manipulate two
genes to create their bi-maternal
mice — so the differences
in lifespan might be due to this genetic manipulation, rather than the absence of paternally
imprinted genes.
«This is the first study to offer an unbiased profile of novel
imprinted genes in a mammal other than
mice,» said lead author Xu Wang, a postdoctoral associate
in the laboratory of Andrew Clark, professor of molecular biology and genetics and the study's senior author.
At the same time, as
in mice, paternally
imprinted genes heavily regulate placental development
in these animals.
So they bred mutant
mice in which the
imprinting - control regions for these
genes were deleted, allowing them to be expressed the way they would be
in the male genome.
TEST CASE RESEARCHER Piroska Szabó, Associate Professor, Center for Epigenetics, Van Andel Research Institute ORGANISM
Mouse METHOD RNA - seq In 2014, Szabó and colleagues reported how they'd used mouse embryonic fibroblasts to test whether the relatively new method of RNA sequencing could reveal known and novel imprinted g
Mouse METHOD RNA - seq
In 2014, Szabó and colleagues reported how they'd used
mouse embryonic fibroblasts to test whether the relatively new method of RNA sequencing could reveal known and novel imprinted g
mouse embryonic fibroblasts to test whether the relatively new method of RNA sequencing could reveal known and novel
imprinted genes.
The variation of the retrotransposons Erv and Iap mRNA amounts and of one of the three
imprinted genes analyzed (paternal expressed Zrsr1) suggests that some epigenetic alterations are produced by IVC
in the testes of adult
mice.