Sentences with phrase «improved observations and modeling»

These include fundamental climate research, improved observations and modeling, increased computational capability, and very importantly, education of the next generation of climate scientists.

Not exact matches

Medvigy and Jeong found that prediction modeling for the entire United States indeed improves dramatically when the analyses include data from macro-scale observations, meaning from multiple sites spread over a large area.

They go on to suggest that «lowering levels of TNF may be an effective strategy in improving host defense against S. pneumoniae in older adults,» and that, «although it may be counterintuitive to limit inflammatory responses during a bacterial infection, [some existing] clinical observations and our animal model indicate that anti-bacterial strategies need to be tailored to the age of the host.»

These real - world observations will help USGS scientists fine - tune their models and improve their damage predictions before the next big storm.

This observation required a revision of common theoretical models describing the photoemission from solids, i.e. this initial intra-atomic interaction had to be taken into account and sets a new cornerstone for future improved models of the photoemission process from solids.

According to the researchers, to better understand if Matthew's intensification was aided by the warm - water eddies and the residing barrier layer in the Caribbean Sea's upper ocean, more ambient and in - storm upper ocean observations in this basin are needed to improve forecast models for the region.

New observations and new models contributed to this certainty, ranging from Antarctic ice cores to improved understanding of solar fluxes.

«As astrophysical observations and simulations improve, we're doing increasingly precise comparisons between the models of how galaxies form and the observations of what galaxies actually look like,» Carroll says.

The ARM Climate Research Facility is managed to ensure it fulfills its mission to provide observation data to improve the understanding of climate processes and the representation of those processes in climate models.

The models need to be tested against observations, to make way for new and improved models.

All these observations will be combined to improve climate models, which will provide an estimate of present - day and future surface melt on the East Antarctic ice shelves.

Over five days, the conference will offer a fruitful meeting of observers involved in various ground - and space - based programs with modelers and theoreticians, in order to raise new observations and new models to improve our comprehension and knowledges of exoplanets.

The effort uses innovative ARM radar observations from the MC3E field campaign to evaluate a series of high - resolution simulations, which results in an improved understanding of cloud transitions and how to diagnose these transitions in models.

The meeting presentations will focus on synergies among various approaches and provide recommendations on how to improve the use of earth observations, ground data and modeling techniques for the improved understanding of land use sources and sinks.

Individual components continue to be improved via systematic evaluation against observations and against more comprehensive models.

To improve parameterization, the researchers propose developing Earth system models that learn from the rich data sets now available (thanks, in large part, to satellite observations) and high - resolution simulations on local scales.

The ARM Aerosol Measurement Science Group (AMSG) coordinates ARM Climate Research Facility observations of aerosols and atmospheric trace gases with user needs to ensure advanced, well - characterized observational measurements and data products — at the spatial and temporal scales necessary — for improving climate science and model forecasts.

The Southern Ocean Carbon and Climate Observations and Modeling project, which involves Climate Central staff and aims to track changes underway surrounding Antarctica, has developed improved pH sensors that could operate for five years or more on autonomous diving instruments.

A wide variety of quantitative scientists (computational biologists, statisticians, mathematicians, computer scientists, engineers, and physicists) are working to improve the quality of these approaches and to create, refine, and retest the models to accurately reflect observations.

(2) A program must use information from paragraph (b)(1) of this section with informal teacher observations and additional information from family and staff, as relevant, to determine a child's strengths and needs, adjust strategies to better support individualized learning and improve classroom practices in center - based and family child care settings and improve home visit strategies in home based models.

To meet both the objectives of a PDS model and to improve the diversity of field experiences, the GOALS model uses two concurrent quasi-PDS partnerships: the distance - learning observation partnership and the PK - 12 school practica partnership.

Still besides empirical observations and good inferences, the models are what are available to work with, and they serve several purposes quite well and they are the basis for improved models in the future.

Improving observations to better characterize that state, and improving models to carry this information forward in time is our best hope to improve seasonal predicImproving observations to better characterize that state, and improving models to carry this information forward in time is our best hope to improve seasonal predicimproving models to carry this information forward in time is our best hope to improve seasonal predictability.

The available tools are time - dependent model forecasts which incorporate the improved observations of changes in the ocean and simulate its likely influence on the short - to medium - term future.

eg pg xii To improve our predictive capability, we need: • to understand better the various climate - related processes, particularly those associated with clouds, oceans and the carbon cycle • to improve the systematic observation of climate - related variables on a global basis, and further investigate changes which took place in the past • to develop improved models of the Earth's climate system • to increase support for national and international climate research activities, especially in developing countries • to facilitate international exchange of climate data

Progress in the longer term depends on identifying and correcting model biases, accumulating as complete a set of historic observations as possible, and developing improved methods of detection and correction of observational biases.»

Penn State and the University of Hawaii both shared a grant of $ 770,000 for a research project called «Improved Projections of the Climate Response to Anthropogenic Forcing: Combining Paleoclimate Proxy and Instrumental Observations with an Earth System Model».

Improving the representation of feedbacks in climate models, and checking them against observations, is probably the most important area of climate modelling research at present.

We also need to improve the systematic observation of climate - related variables on a global basis; to investigate further past changes; to develop improved models of the Earth's climate system; to increase support for national and international climate research activities, especially in developing countries; and to facilitate the international exchange of climate data.

If only let's say 90 % of the budgets spent on computer modeling had gone on more extensive, more detailed observations since 1979 (the date of that sensitivity of 3 plus or minus 1.5 which seems to have so influenced the modelers and proven so hard for them to improve upon much).

But ideas (geometry) and instruments (telescopes) provided observations that improved the accuracy of the model.

To improve parameterization, the researchers propose developing Earth system models that learn from the rich data sets now available (thanks, in large part, to satellite observations) and high - resolution simulations on local scales.

We demonstrate that the combination of lower estimates of the 20th century GMSL rise (up to 1990) improved modeling of the GIA process and that the correction of the eclipse record for a signal due to angular momentum exchange between the fluid outer core and the mantle reconciles all three Earth rotation observations.

There are some source of predictability that are still not fully resolved (including those dealing with improving climate models, but also related to unexplored initial conditions or driving conditions), and a great benefit of these predictability studies is that they mimic the practice of weather prediction by confronting models with observations at the relevant time and spatial scales, leading to the necessary inspiration for this model improvement.

These two projects and cooperative partners will improve sea ice observation and modelling on regional and local scale as well as support to climate research in the Polar Regions.

The present scope includes accurately monitoring column ozone with Dobson spectrophotometers globally, monitoring the ozone profile at key sites, monitoring all relevant chlorine - and bromine - containing compounds globally, improving and developing new instrumentation, conducting laboratory studies of newly proposed chemicals, and using statistical models to test the observations for signs of ozone layer recovery.

This project will advance our understanding of seasonal ice zone (SIZ) cloud - ice feedbacks and our ability to forecast SIZ weather and ice conditions through the combination of carefully designed model experiments, observations, and technology developments which are targeted to validate and improve the models.

Such adjustments, even if they improve the match between model output and observations, do not mean that we have improved the model.

For what it's worth, I have talked to model developers at length about this and I've been involved in improving the way that observations are used to challenge models.

Removing the influence of two major modes of natural internal variability (the Arctic Oscillation and Pacific Decadal Oscillation) from observations further improves attribution results, reducing the model - observation discrepancy in cold extremes.

However, the heat island effect, if present, would in fact improve rather than worsen the agreement between models and observations (without it, the temperature in the most recent years would be lower, while GCMs predict a rise of temperature).

Climate change researchers can not hide behind the need to improve models and observations any longer.

Furthermore, high - resolution satellite observations are increasingly being used to validate and improve model realism.

Identify new sources of predictive skill and improve predictions of weather, water, and climate through observations, understanding, and modeling of physical processes and phenomena of the coupled Earth system.

Higher resolution observations have recently become available, and model A could possibly be improved in future studies.

A study by Mitrovica et al. (2015) has demonstrated that the combination of lower estimates of the GMSL rise between 1900 and 1990 (~ 1.2 mm yr - 1), improved modeling of the GIA process and the signal due to core - mantle coupling in ancient eclipse observations resolves «Munk's enigma.»

Develop interagency and international support for enhanced observations of the arctic atmosphere via buoys, soundings, etc. in order to constrain, evaluate, and improve operational model performance in the central Arctic.

Predictions of sea ice changes will have large uncertainties without sustained observations; improved understanding of ice, ocean, land, and atmospheric processes; and advances in coupled and system models.

The ARM Climate Research Facility is managed to ensure it fulfills its mission to provide observation data to improve the understanding of climate processes and the representation of those processes in climate models.