Male - Female Differences
in Labor Market Outcomes during the Early Transition to Market: The Case of Estonia and Slovenia
Our findings also add to prior evidence that differences
in labor market outcomes — employment rates and earnings — exacerbate racial debt gaps.
Our main message is that developing a theory of time allocation and occupational choice is important for understanding the forces that shape gender differences
in labor market outcomes,» the researchers from Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, University of Toronto and Princeton University write.
Not exact matches
Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those reflected
in such forward - looking statements and that should be considered
in evaluating our outlook include, but are not limited to, the following: 1) our ability to continue to grow our business and execute our growth strategy, including the timing, execution, and profitability of new and maturing programs; 2) our ability to perform our obligations under our new and maturing commercial, business aircraft, and military development programs, and the related recurring production; 3) our ability to accurately estimate and manage performance, cost, and revenue under our contracts, including our ability to achieve certain cost reductions with respect to the B787 program; 4) margin pressures and the potential for additional forward losses on new and maturing programs; 5) our ability to accommodate, and the cost of accommodating, announced increases
in the build rates of certain aircraft; 6) the effect on aircraft demand and build rates of changing customer preferences for business aircraft, including the effect of global economic conditions on the business aircraft
market and expanding conflicts or political unrest
in the Middle East or Asia; 7) customer cancellations or deferrals as a result of global economic uncertainty or otherwise; 8) the effect of economic conditions
in the industries and
markets in which we operate
in the U.S. and globally and any changes therein, including fluctuations
in foreign currency exchange rates; 9) the success and timely execution of key milestones such as the receipt of necessary regulatory approvals, including our ability to obtain
in a timely fashion any required regulatory or other third party approvals for the consummation of our announced acquisition of Asco, and customer adherence to their announced schedules; 10) our ability to successfully negotiate, or re-negotiate, future pricing under our supply agreements with Boeing and our other customers; 11) our ability to enter into profitable supply arrangements with additional customers; 12) the ability of all parties to satisfy their performance requirements under existing supply contracts with our two major customers, Boeing and Airbus, and other customers, and the risk of nonpayment by such customers; 13) any adverse impact on Boeing's and Airbus» production of aircraft resulting from cancellations, deferrals, or reduced orders by their customers or from
labor disputes, domestic or international hostilities, or acts of terrorism; 14) any adverse impact on the demand for air travel or our operations from the outbreak of diseases or epidemic or pandemic outbreaks; 15) our ability to avoid or recover from cyber-based or other security attacks, information technology failures, or other disruptions; 16) returns on pension plan assets and the impact of future discount rate changes on pension obligations; 17) our ability to borrow additional funds or refinance debt, including our ability to obtain the debt to finance the purchase price for our announced acquisition of Asco on favorable terms or at all; 18) competition from commercial aerospace original equipment manufacturers and other aerostructures suppliers; 19) the effect of governmental laws, such as U.S. export control laws and U.S. and foreign anti-bribery laws such as the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and the United Kingdom Bribery Act, and environmental laws and agency regulations, both
in the U.S. and abroad; 20) the effect of changes
in tax law, such as the effect of The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the «TCJA») that was enacted on December 22, 2017, and changes to the interpretations of or guidance related thereto, and the Company's ability to accurately calculate and estimate the effect of such changes; 21) any reduction
in our credit ratings; 22) our dependence on our suppliers, as well as the cost and availability of raw materials and purchased components; 23) our ability to recruit and retain a critical mass of highly - skilled employees and our relationships with the unions representing many of our employees; 24) spending by the U.S. and other governments on defense; 25) the possibility that our cash flows and our credit facility may not be adequate for our additional capital needs or for payment of interest on, and principal of, our indebtedness; 26) our exposure under our revolving credit facility to higher interest payments should interest rates increase substantially; 27) the effectiveness of any interest rate hedging programs; 28) the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting; 29) the
outcome or impact of ongoing or future litigation, claims, and regulatory actions; 30) exposure to potential product liability and warranty claims; 31) our ability to effectively assess, manage and integrate acquisitions that we pursue, including our ability to successfully integrate the Asco business and generate synergies and other cost savings; 32) our ability to consummate our announced acquisition of Asco
in a timely matter while avoiding any unexpected costs, charges, expenses, adverse changes to business relationships and other business disruptions for ourselves and Asco as a result of the acquisition; 33) our ability to continue selling certain receivables through our supplier financing program; 34) the risks of doing business internationally, including fluctuations
in foreign current exchange rates, impositions of tariffs or embargoes, compliance with foreign laws, and domestic and foreign government policies; and 35) our ability to complete the proposed accelerated stock repurchase plan, among other things.
Such risks, uncertainties and other factors include, without limitation: (1) the effect of economic conditions
in the industries and
markets in which United Technologies and Rockwell Collins operate
in the U.S. and globally and any changes therein, including financial
market conditions, fluctuations
in commodity prices, interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates, levels of end
market demand
in construction and
in both the commercial and defense segments of the aerospace industry, levels of air travel, financial condition of commercial airlines, the impact of weather conditions and natural disasters and the financial condition of our customers and suppliers; (2) challenges
in the development, production, delivery, support, performance and realization of the anticipated benefits of advanced technologies and new products and services; (3) the scope, nature, impact or timing of acquisition and divestiture or restructuring activity, including the pending acquisition of Rockwell Collins, including among other things integration of acquired businesses into United Technologies» existing businesses and realization of synergies and opportunities for growth and innovation; (4) future timing and levels of indebtedness, including indebtedness expected to be incurred by United Technologies
in connection with the pending Rockwell Collins acquisition, and capital spending and research and development spending, including
in connection with the pending Rockwell Collins acquisition; (5) future availability of credit and factors that may affect such availability, including credit
market conditions and our capital structure; (6) the timing and scope of future repurchases of United Technologies» common stock, which may be suspended at any time due to various factors, including
market conditions and the level of other investing activities and uses of cash, including
in connection with the proposed acquisition of Rockwell; (7) delays and disruption
in delivery of materials and services from suppliers; (8) company and customer - directed cost reduction efforts and restructuring costs and savings and other consequences thereof; (9) new business and investment opportunities; (10) our ability to realize the intended benefits of organizational changes; (11) the anticipated benefits of diversification and balance of operations across product lines, regions and industries; (12) the
outcome of legal proceedings, investigations and other contingencies; (13) pension plan assumptions and future contributions; (14) the impact of the negotiation of collective bargaining agreements and
labor disputes; (15) the effect of changes
in political conditions
in the U.S. and other countries
in which United Technologies and Rockwell Collins operate, including the effect of changes
in U.S. trade policies or the U.K.'s pending withdrawal from the EU, on general
market conditions, global trade policies and currency exchange rates
in the near term and beyond; (16) the effect of changes
in tax (including U.S. tax reform enacted on December 22, 2017, which is commonly referred to as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017), environmental, regulatory (including among other things import / export) and other laws and regulations
in the U.S. and other countries
in which United Technologies and Rockwell Collins operate; (17) the ability of United Technologies and Rockwell Collins to receive the required regulatory approvals (and the risk that such approvals may result
in the imposition of conditions that could adversely affect the combined company or the expected benefits of the merger) and to satisfy the other conditions to the closing of the pending acquisition on a timely basis or at all; (18) the occurrence of events that may give rise to a right of one or both of United Technologies or Rockwell Collins to terminate the merger agreement, including
in circumstances that might require Rockwell Collins to pay a termination fee of $ 695 million to United Technologies or $ 50 million of expense reimbursement; (19) negative effects of the announcement or the completion of the merger on the
market price of United Technologies» and / or Rockwell Collins» common stock and / or on their respective financial performance; (20) risks related to Rockwell Collins and United Technologies being restricted
in their operation of their businesses while the merger agreement is
in effect; (21) risks relating to the value of the United Technologies» shares to be issued
in connection with the pending Rockwell acquisition, significant merger costs and / or unknown liabilities; (22) risks associated with third party contracts containing consent and / or other provisions that may be triggered by the Rockwell merger agreement; (23) risks associated with merger - related litigation or appraisal proceedings; and (24) the ability of United Technologies and Rockwell Collins, or the combined company, to retain and hire key personnel.
«I don't see raising the target range for the fed funds rate above its current low level
in 2015 as being consistent with the pursuit of the kind of
labor market outcomes that we are charged with delivering,» he said.
New Evidence on How Skills Influence Human Capital Acquisition and Early
Labor Market Return to Human Capital between Canada and the United States Steven F. Lehrer, Queen's University and NBER Michael Kottelenberg, Huron University College Lehrer and Kottelenberg analyze the roles played by cognitive and non-cognitive skills in educational attainment and early labor market outcomes using the Youth in Transition Survey from Canada and earlier results from a study of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth in the United St
Labor Market Return to Human Capital between Canada and the United States Steven F. Lehrer, Queen's University and NBER Michael Kottelenberg, Huron University College Lehrer and Kottelenberg analyze the roles played by cognitive and non-cognitive skills in educational attainment and early labor market outcomes using the Youth in Transition Survey from Canada and earlier results from a study of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth in the United S
Market Return to Human Capital between Canada and the United States Steven F. Lehrer, Queen's University and NBER Michael Kottelenberg, Huron University College Lehrer and Kottelenberg analyze the roles played by cognitive and non-cognitive skills
in educational attainment and early
labor market outcomes using the Youth in Transition Survey from Canada and earlier results from a study of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth in the United St
labor market outcomes using the Youth in Transition Survey from Canada and earlier results from a study of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth in the United S
market outcomes using the Youth
in Transition Survey from Canada and earlier results from a study of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth
in the United States.
Among the factors that could cause actual results and
outcomes to differ materially from those contained
in such forward - looking statements are the following: macro-economic conditions (including fluctuations
in housing prices, oil
markets, jobless rates and other indicators), credit
market changes and constraints, foreign currency fluctuation, the company's ability to manage its property portfolio, the impact of
labor markets, failure to effectively manage costs or achieve anticipated expense and cost reductions, and disruptions
in our supply chain or information technology systems.
«To the best of our knowledge this study is the first to use a resume audit design to study
labor market outcomes for Hispanic applicants
in comparison to black and white applicants.
Her major fields of study are scientific
labor markets, gender differences
in employment
outcomes, wage inequality, scientific entrepreneurship, and children's educational attainments.
Second, these increases occur alongside evidence of growing racial gaps
in college graduates»
labor market outcomes, suggesting graduate school may for some students be a response to the weak post-recession
labor market.
Longer - term
outcomes are especially desirable for such a line of inquiry, as there is greater agreement on the value of enrolling
in college or finding success
in the
labor market than
in performance on a particular test.
Education researchers and policymakers are increasingly interested
in tracking students» long - term
outcomes, such as high school graduation, college enrollment, college graduation, and earnings
in the
labor market.
Her work focuses on college student access and choice and the factors that influence students» postsecondary and
labor market outcomes Long's current projects examine the roles of information and assistance
in promoting college enrollment and persistence.
And, even with small effects on the non-poor, shouldn't we have seen fairly dramatic improvements
in overall educational and
labor market outcomes?
This makes it difficult to confidently assess the causal effects of the program, separate from pre-existing characteristics which may simultaneously affect both who participates
in FWS as well as subsequent academic and
labor market outcomes (factors such as student's academic ability, organization, or motivation).
Among the first researchers to try to identify the impact of variation
in instructional time were economists studying the effect of schooling on
labor market outcomes such as earnings.
This argument begs the question about how large correlations should be to be considered as indicators of adult
outcomes, and it also discounts recent research showing that test scores improvements related to effective teachers were correlated with gains
in adult
labor -
market outcomes.
Researchers need to consider ways to measure other
outcomes that are meaningful
in the debate, such as by designing studies with long follow - up periods to enable future research on high school graduation, college - going, and
labor -
market outcomes.
The evidence suggests that teacher collective bargaining leads to worse student
outcomes that are reflected
in long - run
labor market success.
In this interactive, The Hamilton Project explores how college majors and occupations interact to produce a wide range of
labor market outcomes.
Variations
in skills measured by the international achievement tests are
in turn strongly related to individual
labor -
market outcomes and, perhaps more importantly, to cross-country variations
in economic growth.
If bilingual education programs are more available
in districts with better funding or
in metro areas with greater postsecondary and
labor market opportunities, then participants may realize superior
outcomes just because of where they happen to live.
So, the cause and effect that Hoxby and Leigh demonstrate is not an unexpected
outcome in the education
labor market.
Nevertheless, public policies that reduce differences
in skills between blacks and whites before they enter the workforce could substantially reduce racial differences
in labor -
market outcomes.
This study analyzes how maternal
labor market outcomes in Argentina are affected by the preschool
There are two relevant research questions: Do exit exams have beneficial effects on students
in terms of achievement or
labor -
market outcomes?
I am currently involved
in projects examining teacher recruitment and retention
in constrained
labor and housing
markets, how school sorting processes affect student opportunities to learn, and how educator - initiated curricula that center the cultural and historical experiences of traditionally marginalized students impact student
outcomes.
Advanced math coursework can affect college and
labor market outcomes, yet discretionary placement policies can lead to differential access at key points
in the college preparatory pipeline.
The Center for Public Education The Path Least Taken III: Rigor and Focus Pays Dividends The final installment
in this series focused on non-college goers
outcomes in the
labor market.
In this paper, we seek to provide a fairly comprehensive and up - to - date snapshot of the most important postsecondary education and labor market outcomes in the U.S. using two nationally representative sources of data: The Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) and The National Educational Longitudinal Survey (NELS
In this paper, we seek to provide a fairly comprehensive and up - to - date snapshot of the most important postsecondary education and
labor market outcomes in the U.S. using two nationally representative sources of data: The Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) and The National Educational Longitudinal Survey (NELS
in the U.S. using two nationally representative sources of data: The Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) and The National Educational Longitudinal Survey (NELS).
There is also evidence from across the globe that demonstrates that students enrolled
in Catholic schools attain more both academically and
in terms of
labor market outcomes (i.e. wages and subsequent employment).
As Kata Mihaly and her colleagues and Bruce Baker of Rutgers have demonstrated, when
labor markets result
in a non-random distribution of teachers across schools and districts, it's very difficult to disentangle the effects of the teacher - preparation program on teaching
outcomes from the effects of school context.
In the past, large - balance borrowers posed less of a risk to taxpayers and were unlikely to struggle with their loans because most went to graduate or professional schools, borrowed modest amounts and had strong
labor market outcomes.
A rising share of large - balance borrowers are not employed, and their
labor market outcomes measured
in various ways have not increased between 2000 and 2014.
The FFCWS studies add to a large body of earlier work that suggested that children who live with single or cohabiting parents fare worse as adolescents and young adults
in terms of their educational
outcomes, risk of teen birth, and attachment to school and the
labor market than do children who grow up
in married - couple families.
«
In addition, the father's educational attainment and wage rate were positively associated with higher
outcomes for the children when they entered the
labor market.