Despite its well - known municipal dysfunction, political corruption and financial
disarray (the
state of Michigan assigned an emergency manager
in July who sought bankruptcy protection
after the city's debt rose to $ 18 billion), there are many encouraging signs that the city can rebuild.
The IDC was formed
in the wake
of the 2012 elections by Bronx
State Senator Jeff Klein
after several Democrats concerned with the «
disarray»
of the Democratic party agreed to work with the Republican party to give them a majority.