Sentences with phrase «in airway cells»

Researchers observed viral replication in airway cells from mice with genetic deficiencies in the immune system sensors that detect virus and in the antiviral response.

The analysis found that cyclists had 2.3 times more soot in their airway cells.

Not exact matches

Scientists at the Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center say they have preliminary evidence in laboratory - grown, human airway cells that a condensed form of cigarette smoke triggers so - called «epigenetic» changes in the cells consistent with the earliest steps toward lung cancer development.

To create the effect of tobacco smoke on cells, Vaz, Baylin and their colleagues began their studies with human bronchial cells, which line the airways of the lungs, and grew them in a laboratory.

Until now, there was no knowledge about a potential correlation between the classification of the inflammatory cells in the airways and the lung tissues.»

The unaltered hemagglutinin is akin to a key that unlocks a so - called receptor molecule in cells lining the upper airways of humans and other mammals.

The experiments indicated that when dectin - 1 recognizes tropomyosin in house dust mites, shrimp or other common allergy - triggering species it suppresses airway cells» production of an immune molecule, IL - 33, which otherwise would promote an allergic response by immune cells.

«Our findings suggest that people who have sufficient dectin - 1 in the cells that line their airways won't experience an allergic response when exposed to airborne dust mites or related allergens — but people with a defect in dectin - 1 expression will lack this protection,» Wills - Karp says.

Now, scientists from the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania reveal that the release of AMPs is partially controlled by bitter taste receptors in the upper airway on a cell previously identified in animals and only recently in humans known as solitary chemosensory cells (SCCs).

The artificial system is used to observe the effects of air pollutants on cells in the upper airway.

[Chinedu Nwokoro et al., «Inhaled black carbon in the lower airways of London cyclists»] Researchers at the London School of Medicine collected sputum samples from healthy non-smokers who walk or bike to see how much black carbon was in airway macrophages — a type of white blood cell that takes in foreign material.

Using fluorescent antibodies designed specifically to light up the receptor in mice, the investigators observed it on vagus nerves, which serve as a main biochemical connection between airway cells and the brain.

Human nasal epithelial cells, cultured on a microchip, react to air pollutants just like they would in the upper airway.

So even if a virus were exhaled, it would need to lodge onto something in another person's cells that are already prepared for it in the upper airway.

Cells in the airways have mobile cilia which sweep mucus and dirt out of the lungs, but almost every cell in the body has a primary (sensory) cilium.

«In our human airway epithelial model system, one of the drugs destabilizes and deactivates the protein that the other drug tries to correct,» said Martina Gentzsch, PhD, an assistant professor of cell biology and physiology and senior author of the UNC Science Translational Medicine paper.

Initial tests on mice showed the hybrid virus was very efficient: the gene it carried was active in 24 per cent of airway cells after two months, a far better proportion than achieved by other delivery methods (New Scientist, 10 March 2001, p 19).

ICELL8 can isolate up to 1,800 single cells, ranging from 5 μm — 100 μm in size on a single chip, including cells from solid tumors, brain cells, pulmonary airway cells, and multiple cell lines.

While the PIV - infected epithelial cells retained their natural elongated, columnar shape, the same cells infected with RSV balled up and puffed out of the airway epithelium, causing the infected cells to accumulate in the lumen of the airway.

Using animal models, Pickles has already found candidate molecular biomarkers that indicate if the epithelial cells in the tiniest airways are expressing the RSV NS2 protein.

And when the researchers from Ruhr - University Bochum in Germany activated these receptors, they found that they regulated the way in which the airways smooth muscle cells contracted.

In this case, AAV acts as a Trojan horse and leads epithelial cells in the airways to make the antibodies; the question is how long they will continue doing sIn this case, AAV acts as a Trojan horse and leads epithelial cells in the airways to make the antibodies; the question is how long they will continue doing sin the airways to make the antibodies; the question is how long they will continue doing so.

To investigate the relationship between temperature and immune response, Iwasaki and an interdisciplinary team of Yale researchers spearheaded by Ellen Foxman, a postdoctoral fellow in Iwasaki's lab, examined the cells taken from the airways of mice.

«We compared the ability of RSV and parainfluenza virus (PIV3)-- another common virus in children that causes much less severe airway disease — to infect and cause inflammatory responses in a cell culture model of human epithelial cells, which compose the lining of the lung airway.

When Liesman infected human airway cells in the lab with this re-engineered virus, she saw infected cells ball up and puff out of the airway epithelium.

«But what we've now shown is that RSV has an increased ability to cause airway obstruction because, during an RSV infection, the virus expresses a specific RSV - encoded non-structural protein, or NS2, in epithelial cells, causing the cells to shed from the airway lining and into the airway lumen.

Two U.K. clinical trials of stem cell — based airway transplants are in limbo.

a) The Eye in your Thigh: a patch of skin cells on the leg that can distinguish between bright and dark conditions, perhaps to help regulate the body clock b) The Ear in your Rear: nerves in the buttocks attuned to infrasound vibrations of between 10 and 25 hertz, perhaps to warn of approaching predators or thunderstorms c) The Nose in your Toes: scent - detecting sebaceous glands on the feet whose purpose is unclear d) The Tongue in your Lung: taste - bud - like receptors that detect bitter substances and dilate or restrict the airways accordingly

In mice with asthma, AIP - 2 suppresses airway inflammation, Navarro and her colleagues report, and the protein also appears to damp down the proliferation of some immune cells in the blood of people with allergieIn mice with asthma, AIP - 2 suppresses airway inflammation, Navarro and her colleagues report, and the protein also appears to damp down the proliferation of some immune cells in the blood of people with allergiein the blood of people with allergies.

In both human airway cells and mouse nasal cells, the researchers observed corrections in the targeted geneIn both human airway cells and mouse nasal cells, the researchers observed corrections in the targeted genein the targeted genes.

T lymphocytes and NH cells in the asthmatic lung produce proteins named interleukin (IL)-5 and IL - 13 that are responsible for severe airway inflammation.

Some of the IgE - related genes were known to encode proteins produced by eosinophils, a type of white blood cell that promotes inflammation in asthma sufferers» airways.

IFITM3 is an anti-viral protein that helps to block flu infection of lung cells and to promote survival of the killer T cells that help clear flu infection in the airways.

Researchers also found more killer T cells — which help patients fight the infection — in the upper airways of flu patients with the protective variant compared to other patients.

The Memphis flu patients also had fewer of the killer T cells in their upper airways.

This study has identified airway NK cells as a pro-resolving target for lipoxins; however, lipoxins are under - produced in severe asthma.

Their test includes three types of human cells that are typically in a person's airway.

«It was known that the epithelial cells which line the airways in the lungs produce a protein called thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) that causes inflammation.

These cells are thought to kick - start inflammation in the lungs, which causes airways to narrow during an asthma attack.

Stem cells that were engineered to have higher amounts of Miro1 were able to transfer mitochondria more efficiently and were therapeutically more effective when tested in mouse models of airway injury and asthma, compared to untreated cells.

In addition, because the investigators have data indicating that other important airway pathogens that cause acute bacterial pneumonia also may use M - cells to cause severe disease, they are extending their work beyond tuberculosis.

The deposited particle mass from 10 to 350 nanograms (a billionth of a gram) per square centimeter of cell surface corresponds to an airway daily dose of slightly polluted, rural air with 20 micrograms (a millionth of a gram) PM per cubic meter of air through to very high air pollution in a megacity (1000 micrograms PM per cubic meter of air).

The outer surface of many of our cells, including those in the airways, has a protein called the H1 receptor.

Researchers observed that the immune cells, called CD4 T - cells, in the airways of severe asthmatics secreted different inflammatory proteins than those in mild disease, particularly interferon gamma.

Human flu strains can infect both kinds of cells, but avian flu strains can bind to and infect only the ciliated kind, which are similar to cells in the airway and the gut of birds.

According to Earl Brown, professor of medicine at the University of Ottawa, the more limited ability of the avian flu virus to infect cells in the human airway thus also appears to be associated with infection of the deep areas of the lung where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged.

Microscopic images show that RMC - 1 prevented FOXM1 from entering the nucleus in cultured human airway epithelial cells and in mouse allergen - sensitized respiratory airways.

The research team then tested RMC - 1 in cultured human airway epithelial cells and mouse models of asthma (via injection into the animals» peritoneal cavities).

Exposure to Alternaria produced more cell damage in the cells of the airway's lining.

Dulling nerve cells in mice's lungs soothes irritated airways by easing inflammation and out - of - control coughing, researchers report online June 25 in Neuron.