Screen J. A., C. Deser, D. M. Smith, X. Zhang, R. Blackport, P. J. Kushner, T. Oudar, K. E. McCusker and L. Sun (February 2018): Consistency and discrepancy
in the atmospheric response to Arctic sea - ice loss across climate models.
Consistency and discrepancy
in the atmospheric response to Arctic sea - ice loss across climate models.
Not exact matches
Using information on how
atmospheric rivers have previously behaved
in response to these oscillations, they found that the quasi-biennial oscillation matters — a lot.
The researchers believe the greening is a
response to higher
atmospheric carbon dioxide inducing decreases
in plant stomatal conductance — the measure of the rate of passage of carbon dioxide entering, or water vapor exiting, through the stomata of a leaf — and increases
in soil water, thus enhancing vegetation growth.
A substantial portion of the planet is greening
in response to increasing
atmospheric carbon dioxide, nitrogen deposition, global warming and land use change.
E. coli cells will be genetically engineered to change color
in response to conditions under study: carbon dioxide levels,
atmospheric pollutants and pathogens, for example.
Paul Dirmeyer, a professor
in the department of
atmospheric, oceanic and earth sciences at George Mason University who was not involved
in the study, notes: «Green et al. put forward an intriguing and exciting new idea, expanding our measures of land -
atmospheric feedbacks from mainly a phenomenon of the water and energy cycles to include the biosphere, both as a
response to climate forcing and a forcing to climate
response.»
He and Abordo, a mathematics major at the time, jumped at the chance to study how plants adjust their stomata
in response to different
atmospheric conditions.
Consequently the global climate
in these models becomes less sensitive
in its
response to
atmospheric carbon dioxide.
«1C rise
in atmospheric temperature causes rapid changes to world's largest High Arctic lake: An interdisciplinary team of scientists explores Lake Hazen's
response to climate change.»
Kevin Trenberth, an
atmospheric scientist at the National Center for
Atmospheric Research
in Colorado, gets asked the question so often about the connection between big rain events and climate change that he had this
response via email: «Here we go again.»
Earth's climate may warm considerably more than expected
in response to a doubling of
atmospheric carbon dioxide, a new study hints.
Their results showed that changes
in key water - stress variables are strongly modified by vegetation physiological effects
in response to increased CO2 at the leaf level, illustrating how deeply the physiological effects due to increasing
atmospheric CO2 impact the water cycle.
«Our finding that vegetation plays a key role future
in terrestrial hydrologic
response and water stress is of utmost importance to properly predict future dryness and water resources,» says Gentine, whose research focuses on the relationship between hydrology and
atmospheric science, land / atmosphere interaction, and its impact on climate change.
«These results suggest that continuing increases
in atmospheric CO2 associated with global climate change will increase both the level of Alternaria exposure and antigenicity [the ability to produce an immune
response] of spores that come
in contact with the airways.»
The CO2 physiological
response has a dominant role
in evapotranspiration and has a major effect on long - term runoff and soil moisture compared to radiative or precipitation changes due to increased
atmospheric CO2.
ARM
atmospheric observatories operate continuously but the facility is always changing
in response to new science and user needs, and available technology.
Your statement that «Thus it is natural to look at the real world and see whether there is evidence that it behaves
in the same way (and it appears to, since model hindcasts of past changes match observations very well)» seems to indicate that you think there will be no changes
in ocean circulation or land use trends, nor any subsequent changes
in cloud
responses thereto or other
atmospheric circulation.
The role of ocean — atmosphere coupling
in the zonal - mean
atmospheric response to Arctic sea ice loss.
Chen, K., Gawarkiewicz, G. G., Lentz, S. J. & Bane, J. M. Diagnosing the warming of the Northeastern US Coastal Ocean
in 2012: a linkage between the
atmospheric jet stream variability and ocean
response.
The climate sensitivity classically defined is the
response of global mean temperature to a forcing once all the «fast feedbacks» have occurred (
atmospheric temperatures, clouds, water vapour, winds, snow, sea ice etc.), but before any of the «slow» feedbacks have kicked
in (ice sheets, vegetation, carbon cycle etc.).
The
atmospheric circulation
response seems to be sensitive to the magnitude and geographic pattern of sea - ice loss and,
in some cases, to the background climate state.
Blackport, R. & Kushner, P. J. Isolating the
atmospheric circulation
response to Arctic sea ice loss
in the coupled climate system.
The seasonal
atmospheric response to projected sea ice loss
in the late twenty - first century.
Seasonal
atmospheric responses to reduced Arctic sea ice
in an ensemble of coupled model simulations.
Predictions of the climate's development
in response to elevated
atmospheric CO2 levels started
in earnest over 25 years ago.
[
Response: You may also be interested
in the article by Richard Feely and colleagues, Impact of Anthropogenic CO2 on the CaCO3 System
in the Oceans arguing that quite apart from any climate impact from
atmospheric CO2, there is a much more direct impact from the dissolution of CO2
in the world's oceans.
Here, we analyze a 28 - year record of tropical flower phenology
in response to anthropogenic climate and
atmospheric change.
Alexander, M.A., et al., 2004: The
atmospheric response to realistic Arctic sea ice anomalies
in an AGCM during winter.
«We know rather little about how much methane comes from different sources and how these have been changing
in response to industrial and agricultural activities or because of climate events like droughts,» says Hinrich Schaefer, an
atmospheric scientist at the National Institute of Water and
Atmospheric Research (NIWA)
in New Zealand, who collaborates with Petrenko.
Hu, A.X., G.A. Meehl, W.M. Washington, and A. Dai, 2004:
Response of the Atlantic thermohaline circulation to increased
atmospheric CO2
in a coupled model.
Wood, R.A., A.B. Keen, J.F.B. Mitchell, and J.M. Gregory, 1999: Changing spatial structure of the thermohaline circulation
in response to
atmospheric CO2 forcing
in a climate model.
Stouffer, R.J., and S. Manabe, 2003: Equilibrium
response of thermohaline circulation to large changes
in atmospheric CO2 concentration.
Webb will reveal the interplay of chemistry and
atmospheric dynamics
in response to the shift of Titan's seasons.
Gregory, J.M., et al., 2005: A model intercomparison of changes
in the Atlantic thermohaline circulation
in response to increasing
atmospheric CO2 concentration.
«We find this fingerprint both
in a high - resolution climate model
in response to increasing
atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations, and
in the temperature trends observed since the late nineteenth century.»
[
Response: I agree that there are serious problems with the representation of
atmospheric feedbacks
in the model, but the lack of a fourth - power dependence
in infrared emission vs T is not the key one them.
In the tropical Pacific, the distance from Indonesia to South America and the way tropical winds push warm water west combine to allow special waves to travel along the equator and are amplified by the atmospheric wind response to produce large fluctuations in temperatures (up to 3 degrees Celsius) in the Eastern Pacific that last for month
In the tropical Pacific, the distance from Indonesia to South America and the way tropical winds push warm water west combine to allow special waves to travel along the equator and are amplified by the
atmospheric wind
response to produce large fluctuations
in temperatures (up to 3 degrees Celsius) in the Eastern Pacific that last for month
in temperatures (up to 3 degrees Celsius)
in the Eastern Pacific that last for month
in the Eastern Pacific that last for months.
In response to the board's decision, three plaintiffs — a retired high - school math teacher, a professor of
atmospheric science at the University of Washington, and a mother of a high - school student — filed suit, calling the Discovering series deficient and dumbed down.
This page outlines a map of assessment through the unit, including skill based questions, short writing
responses and extended writing
responses including essays.The
atmospheric system, including the natural greenhouse effect and energy balance (incoming shortwave radiation and outgoing long wave radiation) Changes
in the global energy balance, and the role of feedback loops, resulting from: Glossary - Student should make...
It feels nothing short of rabid
in a straight line, with the kind of throttle
response that only ever comes from a big,
atmospheric engine that revs high and hits hard, everywhere.
Constant upstream air pressure,
atmospheric for naturally aspirated and higher for turbocharged engines, together with the extremely fast air mass control, cylinder - by - cylinder and stroke - by - stroke, result
in a superior dynamic engine
response.
Lisa Grossman's oil paintings of the wide open rural eastern Kansas, painted en plein air (or on location), are a meditation on open spaces, exploring the emotional
responses to
atmospheric shifts
in light, color, and the vast distance of land and sky.
[
Response: The ratio is not constant
in time, because aerosols have a much shorter perturbation time on
atmospheric composition than CO2.
The climate sensitivity classically defined is the
response of global mean temperature to a forcing once all the «fast feedbacks» have occurred (
atmospheric temperatures, clouds, water vapour, winds, snow, sea ice etc.), but before any of the «slow» feedbacks have kicked
in (ice sheets, vegetation, carbon cycle etc.).
[
Response: You may also be interested
in the article by Richard Feely and colleagues, Impact of Anthropogenic CO2 on the CaCO3 System
in the Oceans arguing that quite apart from any climate impact from
atmospheric CO2, there is a much more direct impact from the dissolution of CO2
in the world's oceans.
Since the climate
response to the North Atlantic SST anomalies is primarily forced at the low latitudes and the AWP is
in the path of or a birthplace for Atlantic tropical cyclones, the influence of the AMO on Atlantic tropical cyclone activity may operate through the mechanism of the AWP - induced
atmospheric changes.
Presumably the water vapour feedback
in models is dealt with by determining / estimating / calculating the radiative forcing from water vapour and then making some assumption about the water vapour
response to
atmospheric warming (e.g. assuming constant relative humidity).
The other challenge we readily acknowledge is that Arctic amplification has only emerged from the noise of natural variability within the last decade or so (strongest
in fall and winter, weakest
in summer), thus finding a statistically robust
atmospheric response in the real world is not easy.
For example, they describe the unexpectedly high amounts of beetle herbivory
in soybeans
in response to elevated
atmospheric carbon dioxide, as evidenced by FACE experiments.