Sentences with phrase «in brain maturation»

New research is revealing that poverty and stress not only affect the cognitive skills of young children but actually result in significant differences in brain maturation - especially in areas important for language and reading.

Ongoing work examines adolescents longitudinally, to identify the role of GABA in brain maturation, which may contribute to risky behavior and could in turn interfere with healthy neurodevelopment and compromise health and safety.

«Given the solid epidemiologic evidence supporting a link between cannabis exposure during adolescence and schizophrenia, we investigated whether the use of cannabis during early adolescence (by 16 years of age) is associated with variations in brain maturation as a function of genetic risk for schizophrenia,» said senior author Tomas Paus, MD, PhD, the Anne and Max Tanenbaum Professor and Chair in Population Neuroscience at Baycrest, University of Toronto, and the Dr. John and Consuela Phelan Scholar at Child Mind Institute, New York.

The stress hormone cortisol plays a role in brain maturation, which may help explain the result (Child Development, vol 81, p 115).

Not exact matches

Eicosonoids from Omega - 3's are hormone - like compounds that help regulate blood pressure, blood clotting, aid in growth and development of cells, needed for vision and brain development, and maturation of nerves.

A new study suggests that age - associated improvements in the ability to consider the preferences of others are linked with maturation of a brain region involved in self control.

Sleep is vital for healthy child development and brain maturation in babies.

And this can become tricky with premature babies, because the earlier your baby is born, the more adjustments you need to make in terms of brain maturation.

It has been shown that sleep plays an important role in maturation of infants» brains.

The long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and arachidonic acid (AA) are considered essential for maturation of the developing brain, retina and other organs in newborn infants.

CERP 90 — 150 minutes When un-hampered by imposed fears of spoiling or hindering maturation, the biochemical interplays of frequent, close contact between parent and child create positive life - long brain alterations in all who participate.

Seeking additional insight into similar mechanisms at work in other centers of the brain, Donato and his team discovered that the signal to develop one area known to be involved in more abstract functions, including memory and navigation, originated from deep within the brain, in a specific population of neurons that kicks off the maturation of an entire neural network.

They found that two specific genes, DLX1 and DLX2, regulate GABA synthesis during brain development, and that mutations to the genes resulted in abnormal brain maturation.

The results all appeared consistent with an overgrowth of neural connections without the usual pruning back, or refinement, of connections that characterizes normal maturation in the brain.

Girls have been shown to have earlier brain maturation, eye contact, and joint attention, which may in turn influence greater maternal responsiveness.12, 25,26 A significant gap in language input from fathers may have long - term implications.

In «normal» «base» low - levels (sufficiently low, but not extinguished either) IGF is very important for brain development, sexual development, growth development, reproductive development, neuronal maturation and survival... too many things - in humanIn «normal» «base» low - levels (sufficiently low, but not extinguished either) IGF is very important for brain development, sexual development, growth development, reproductive development, neuronal maturation and survival... too many things - in humanin humans.

The team used genetically engineered mice to study the effects of different human apoE variants on the maturation of neural stem cells or progenitor cells, from which new neurons develop in the adult brain.

This is a unique scientific paradigm: the first publication determining the role of human - specific gene duplications during brain development came out of our laboratory recently (Charrier et al., 2012) and represents a milestone in our understanding of the genetic and neurobiological mechanisms underlying the emergence of human - specific traits of brain development, for example neoteny during synaptic maturation (Benavides - Piccione et al., 2002; Petanjek et al., 2011).

McFall - Ngai's own research shows that bacteria are necessary for the development of organs in squid; others have found similar partnerships that shape the maturation of animal immune systems, the guts of zebra fish and mice, and even mammalian brains.

As highlighted throughout, a potentially informative way of stratifying a sample would be to group individuals by pubertal stage to examine brain maturation as a function of sexual maturity in ASD.

White matter maturation reshapes structural connectivity in the late developing human brain.

Uhlhaas and colleagues summarize decades of work to hypothesize that «in ASDs abnormal brain maturation during early prenatal and postnatal periods results in cortical circuits that are unable to support the expression of high - frequency oscillations during infancy.

Because of the effective use of the ketogenic diet in reducing seizures (see above), it has been suggested that it may also improve the clinical status in brain injury, especially by reducing the incidence of long - term consequences, such as epilepsy.79 Positive effects of a ketogenic diet have also been reported in reducing the cortical contusion volume in an age - dependent manner in an animal model of cortical injury, which is related to the maturation - dependent variability in brain ketone metabolism.92 These findings were also supported by the demonstration that a ketogenic diet reduced post-traumatic cognitive and motor function impairment, at least in a rat model.93

FSH is released by the pituitary gland in the brain and signals the ovaries to prepare for follicle maturation and egg release.

The brain first goes through a rapid maturation phase in the months before and after birth, and a second maturation phase throughout later childhood and adolescence.

This window in their brain development begins at about three weeks, when the puppy's eyes first open and they can begin to experience their world, and ends at about 16 - 20 weeks (depending on the breed and the rate of maturation; i.e. giant breeds take longer to mature).

Early parental care is important for hippocampal maturation: Evidence from brain morphology in humans

We know that this is a period in which brain maturation takes place and so it is important to consider the impact of moving into adulthood.

The upper brain is developing in infancy and continues to develop throughout childhood, not reaching maturation until the mid 20's!

Sowell, E.R., Thompson, P.M., Holmes, C.J., et al (1999) In vivo evidence for postadolescent brain maturation in frontal and striatal regionIn vivo evidence for postadolescent brain maturation in frontal and striatal regionin frontal and striatal regions.

Given their typical age of onset, a broad range of mental disorders are increasingly being understood as the result of aberrations of developmental processes that normally occur in the adolescent brain.4 — 6 Executive functioning, and its neurobiological substrate, the prefrontal cortex, matures during adolescence.5 The relatively late maturation of executive functioning is adaptive in most cases, underpinning characteristic adolescent behaviours such as social interaction, risk taking and sensation seeking which promote successful adult development and independence.6 However, in some cases it appears that the delayed maturation of prefrontal regulatory regions leads to the development of mental illness, with neurobiological studies indicating a broad deficit in executive functioning which precedes and underpins a range of psychopathology.7 A recent meta - analysis of neuroimaging studies focusing on a range of psychotic and non-psychotic mental illnesses found that grey matter loss in the dorsal anterior cingulate, and left and right insula, was common across diagnoses.8 In a healthy sample, this study also demonstrated that lower grey matter in these regions was found to be associated with deficits in executive functioning performancin the adolescent brain.4 — 6 Executive functioning, and its neurobiological substrate, the prefrontal cortex, matures during adolescence.5 The relatively late maturation of executive functioning is adaptive in most cases, underpinning characteristic adolescent behaviours such as social interaction, risk taking and sensation seeking which promote successful adult development and independence.6 However, in some cases it appears that the delayed maturation of prefrontal regulatory regions leads to the development of mental illness, with neurobiological studies indicating a broad deficit in executive functioning which precedes and underpins a range of psychopathology.7 A recent meta - analysis of neuroimaging studies focusing on a range of psychotic and non-psychotic mental illnesses found that grey matter loss in the dorsal anterior cingulate, and left and right insula, was common across diagnoses.8 In a healthy sample, this study also demonstrated that lower grey matter in these regions was found to be associated with deficits in executive functioning performancin most cases, underpinning characteristic adolescent behaviours such as social interaction, risk taking and sensation seeking which promote successful adult development and independence.6 However, in some cases it appears that the delayed maturation of prefrontal regulatory regions leads to the development of mental illness, with neurobiological studies indicating a broad deficit in executive functioning which precedes and underpins a range of psychopathology.7 A recent meta - analysis of neuroimaging studies focusing on a range of psychotic and non-psychotic mental illnesses found that grey matter loss in the dorsal anterior cingulate, and left and right insula, was common across diagnoses.8 In a healthy sample, this study also demonstrated that lower grey matter in these regions was found to be associated with deficits in executive functioning performancin some cases it appears that the delayed maturation of prefrontal regulatory regions leads to the development of mental illness, with neurobiological studies indicating a broad deficit in executive functioning which precedes and underpins a range of psychopathology.7 A recent meta - analysis of neuroimaging studies focusing on a range of psychotic and non-psychotic mental illnesses found that grey matter loss in the dorsal anterior cingulate, and left and right insula, was common across diagnoses.8 In a healthy sample, this study also demonstrated that lower grey matter in these regions was found to be associated with deficits in executive functioning performancin executive functioning which precedes and underpins a range of psychopathology.7 A recent meta - analysis of neuroimaging studies focusing on a range of psychotic and non-psychotic mental illnesses found that grey matter loss in the dorsal anterior cingulate, and left and right insula, was common across diagnoses.8 In a healthy sample, this study also demonstrated that lower grey matter in these regions was found to be associated with deficits in executive functioning performancin the dorsal anterior cingulate, and left and right insula, was common across diagnoses.8 In a healthy sample, this study also demonstrated that lower grey matter in these regions was found to be associated with deficits in executive functioning performancIn a healthy sample, this study also demonstrated that lower grey matter in these regions was found to be associated with deficits in executive functioning performancin these regions was found to be associated with deficits in executive functioning performancin executive functioning performance.

Unfortunately, while fear - learning generally happens early in life, with emotional memories that are powerful and persistent, unlearning fears depends upon brain maturation that happens only later, and requires active work and evidence - based treatment.

Although development of self - regulation in children is the result of a dynamic interaction between maturation and learning, we have scarce knowledge about the role played by structural brain characteristics in this process.

The mechanism by which adverse life events may affect ODD is still unclear, and may vary between types of event; potential explanations include (a) negative effects on maturation of cerebral brain structures in the child due to stress, (b) teaching individuals to use antisocial strategies to cope with stressful situations, and (c) causing an overactive sympathetic nervous system [7, 29].