Sentences with phrase «in cellular organisms»

Sequence analysis of the virus revealed numerous genes previously thought to exist only in cellular organisms.

Not exact matches

Companies that operate in the Biotechnology industry primarily make use of living organisms or molecular and cellular techniques to provide chemicals, food and services that meet human needs.

We even use these principles when it comes to doing research that involves manipulating cellular organisms to evolve into what we want them to (since generations can pass in days instead of 100s of years for cellular organisms).

The ability of biology to detail the organisation and constitution of life - forms, not just on a cellular level, but now also on a genetic and molecular level, and its description of how such factors canaffect the global behaviour of an organism, should be taken into account in the theological and philosophical discussion of free will, individual identity / personality, conscience, the soul, and other areas concerning human behaviour, especially in regard to morality.

Upon an imaginary earth of constantly increasing extent, living organisms, being only loosely associated, might well remain at the mono - cellular stage (if indeed they got so far); and certainly Man, if free to live in a scattered state, would never have reached even the neolithic stage of social development.

To help make ideas about energy more concrete, for example, the new unit will use a variety of analogies from more familiar physical systems (e.g., combustion and charging a cellphone battery) to help students understand those same energy - releasing and energy - requiring chemical reactions and energy transfer when they occur in living organisms (e.g., cellular respiration, creating a charge across a membrane in mitochondria and nerve cells) where the reactions are more complex and difficult to observe.

Because every cell type in a mammalian organism requires access to genomic areas in a tempo - spatial specific manner, the epigenome is crucial for determining cellular identity.

The sense of smell may be linked to the cellular ageing process in many other organisms — even people.

As the research team noted in its report in the journal Science, the enormous complexity of the Mimivirus's genetic complement «challenges the established frontier between viruses and parasitic cellular organisms.»

But there are also certain things that if an investigator like [s] to do, and I came from cellular neurobiology having learnt from Grundfest and from Wade Marshall and from my period at the NIH how to study nerve cells in the brain; and I was until that point studying complex organisms — a cat; Aplysia fitted me to a tee.

Called mTOR in mammals, for the term «mammalian target of rapamycin,» this pathway has a critical evolutionary value — it helps an organism avoid too much cellular expansion and growth when energy supplies are insufficient.

The sea slug was the model organism for Kreiner's thesis research, which explored how cellular mechanisms mediate simple behaviors and led to a publication in Science.

The report, which drew heavily on two Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) workshops held in 1995, also recommends more research on such topics as DNA biomarkers that can gauge an organism's exposure to endocrine disruptors; models for predicting how endocrine disruptors are metabolized; mechanisms of how endocrine disruptors act at a cellular level; and the effects of mixtures.

What's more, only a very small percentage (6 %) of proteins encoded by Pandoravirus salinus are similar to those already identified in other viruses or cellular organisms.

Its cellular machinery will execute the program by producing the same protein as the native organism, taking on new qualities, just as in recombinant techniques.

This new technology has major implications not just for plant biology, but also for cellular biology research in every type of organism, including humans.

Organisms like zebra fish readily dedifferentiate cells near the injury, undergoing a cellular age regression in which «they form something like stem cells, although they are not quite the same as stem cells,» says Keating.

The only seemingly safe assumptions were that viruses will always be smaller in both physical size and genomic content than the simplest bacteria and that viruses had to have evolved after those same cellular organisms, on which their parasitism depends.

«First aid kit in some living organisms helps fix DNA after lengthy sun exposure: New study unveils the binding mechanisms of enzymes capable of repairing DNA damaged by UV light before any risk of cellular malfunction sets in.»

Drosophila serves as a model organism that helps geneticists to decode the molecular fundamentals of cellular biology and unravel mechanisms that are conserved in human beings and other vertebrates.

The budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, is a prime organism for studying fundamental cellular processes, with the functions of many proteins important in the cell cycle and signaling networks found in human biology having first been discovered in yeast.

His group studies the cellular and genetic control of gastrulation movements in zebrafish, one of the model organisms studied at the institute besides Drosophila, the C. elegans worm, frogs, mice, and newts.

After all, if the nanoparticles can boost photosynthesis in those simple cellular organisms, then fuel, food and other products derived from algae might become more viable.

Scientists use it as a model organism for studying cellular signals, disease, and the movement of cells in response to a chemical stimulus (chemotaxis).

Potassium channels, present in the cells of virtually living organisms, are core components in bioelectricity generation and cellular communication.

Through a variety of mechanistic interactions, mTORC1 interprets cues in the cellular environment, including the availability of nutrients, and signals the organism to act accordingly.

It is also a prime regulator of cellular metabolism and division in organisms as diverse as worms and humans.

Through a series of protein - mediated signals, mTORC1 interprets cues in the cellular environment, including nutrient availability, and instructs the organism to react accordingly.

The microbe seems to be able to replace phosphorus with arsenic in some of its basic cellular processes — suggesting the possibility of a biochemistry very different from the one we know, which could be used by organisms in past or present extreme environments on Earth, or even on other planets.

The goal is to not only provide broadly applicable experimental tools but also help transform the way in which we think about single cells, cell - cell interactions, diseased cellular states and therapeutics so as to create a new paradigm for understanding and designing systems - level cellular behaviors in multicellular organisms.

Genome editing is used in many different cell types and organisms to specifically modify genes for the interrogation of fundamental cellular pathways.

There, she has established the worm C. elegans as a novel model organism to examine the cellular transformations involved during a direct reprogramming event in vivo, as well as the genetic cascade involved.

These studies will provide new leads to understand the cellular pathways that control K2P function in other organisms.

Based on the previous evidences, it rusults important to maintain cellular NAD + availability especially in mitochondria when stresses induce a major consumption of NAD + and ATP and prone the organism more susceptible to ROS damages.

This tenet links and integrates basic molecular and cellular mechanisms in an organism with cognitive motivations and psychology.

Each form of the enzyme appears to have different cellular roles — i.e., allows the organism to use carbon monoxide in a different way.

Potassium channels, present in the cells of virtually all living organisms, are core components in bioelectricity generation and cellular communication.

The Alliance brings together the efforts of the major National Institutes of Health (NIH) National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI)- funded Model Organism Database (MOD) groups, and the Gene Ontology (GO) Consortium, in a synergistic integration of expertly - curated information about the functioning of cellular systems.

In animal systems, pluripotency can be verified through direct means: pluripotent stem cells can be introduced into an developing embryo and thus the cellular developmental potential of any given in vitro preparation can be directly determined by observing the amount of chimaerism or viability of organisms partially or fully derived from in vitro stem cellIn animal systems, pluripotency can be verified through direct means: pluripotent stem cells can be introduced into an developing embryo and thus the cellular developmental potential of any given in vitro preparation can be directly determined by observing the amount of chimaerism or viability of organisms partially or fully derived from in vitro stem cellin vitro preparation can be directly determined by observing the amount of chimaerism or viability of organisms partially or fully derived from in vitro stem cellin vitro stem cells.

(9) Indeed, the degenerative aging process is by definition one in which the organism progressively accumulates damage to its cellular and molecular components over time, so any genetic or environmental factor that leads to a greater burden of such damage will bear some resemblance to the aging phenotype, irrespective of the causal origin of the defect or its relationship to «normal» aging.

Basic research involves figuring out how living organisms, from the cellular level up to the whole animal or person, work and also what can go wrong in disease or injury.

Scientists have known that, in organisms ranging in complexity from yeast to humans, different kinds of cellular stress — such as a backlog of unfolded proteins, DNA - damaging UV light, a shortage of the amino acid building blocks needed to make protein, viral infection, iron deficiency — trigger different enzymes to act downstream to switch off eIF2 alpha.

We humans have descended from organisms that adapted to living in a prokaryotic world, and we humans retain (conserved in evolutionary terms) in our Eukaraotic mitochondria the cellular machinery to power our cells that we inherited (i.e., Endosymbiosis) from the prokaryotes of deep time on earth.

The protein, Argonaute - 2, is a key player in RNA interference, a powerful cellular phenomenon that has important roles in diverse biological processes, including an organism's development.

We have also identified a transcriptional signature of aneuploidy that is associated with cellular stress and slow proliferation, and is found in aneuploid primary and cancer cells across a host of organisms.

Parasites are the most common form of cellular life on our planet and can be defined as organisms that live in or on us, taking from us without giving anything back.

Our model should allow studies of the impact of aneuploidy on molecular adaptations and cellular fitness.IMPORTANCE Aneuploidy is usually detrimental in multicellular organisms, but in several microorganisms, it can be tolerated and even beneficial.

Studies cover a breadth of topics ranging from single molecules (molecular motors, DNA - protein interactions, membrane proteins) to cellular functions (cell adhesion, cell division, cell motility, intracellular transport) and the collective behaviour of cells in tissues and organisms (wound healing, morphogenesis).

Glucans can create up to 60 % of the cellular wall of many fungal organisms like Candida albicans, a major player in candida overgrowth in the G.I. tract.

Fasting vs dietary restriction in cellular protection and cancer treatment: from model organism to patients.