Most importantly, we discovered that there is bias
in the classroom observation scores due to student ability.
In our report, we introduced a method for adjusting for the bias
in classroom observation scores by taking into account the demographic make - up of teachers» classrooms.
Not exact matches
State lawmakers earlier this year agreed to a package of education policy changes that linked test
scores to evaluations as well as
in -
classroom observation and made it more difficult for teachers to obtain tenure.
But
in recent weeks, Cuomo has indicated he will begin to emphasize a new direction
in education after a legislative session that saw yet more changes to the state's teacher evaluation system that linked performance reviews to tenure as well as student test
scores and
in -
classroom observation.
Whatever the parties negotiate or King decides, the evaluation system will be based 20 percent on standardized test
scores when applicable, 20 percent on other evidence of student learning and 60 percent on
classroom observation and other measures of teacher effectiveness,
in keeping with the 2010 state law on teacher evaluation.
Using pre - and post-course surveys, open - ended questions, self - reports of section leader teaching practices, and
classroom observations, the researchers compared student examination
scores and end - of - course evaluations from 150 Masters - level candidates
in the «Principles of Epidemiology» introductory course.
Early adopter states have struggled with data integrity, inflated
scores, and bias
in classroom observations,» he wrote.
After extensive research on teacher evaluation procedures, the Measures of Effective Teaching Project mentions three different measures to provide teachers with feedback for growth: (1)
classroom observations by peer - colleagues using validated scales such as the Framework for Teaching or the
Classroom Assessment
Scoring System, further described
in Gathering Feedback for Teaching (PDF) and Learning About Teaching (PDF), (2) student evaluations using the Tripod survey developed by Ron Ferguson from Harvard, which measures students» perceptions of teachers» ability to care, control, clarify, challenge, captivate, confer, and consolidate, and (3) growth
in student learning based on standardized test
scores over multiple years.
Chronic absenteeism; a mix of attendance indicators; choice to re-enroll
in same school; standardized
observations that take into account factors including
classroom organization, emotional support, and instructional support; college - readiness measured by ACT, AP, and IB participation and
scores
The new evaluations, set to begin
in the 2009 — 10 school year, will include student test
scores and five
classroom observations of each teacher each year.
Jay accuses the foundation of failing to disclose the limited power of
classroom observation scores in predicting future test
score gains over and above what one would predict based on value - added
scores alone.
The question is whether teachers who were dismissed for low evaluation
scores in the districts we studied would have received substantively different evaluation
scores if their
classroom observation scores had been adjusted as we recommend.
Performance - based accountability evaluates teachers» effectiveness through a comprehensive, research - based system that combines such criteria as position responsibilities,
classroom observations, and students» gains
in test
scores.
But
in the districts we examined, only teachers at the very tail end of the distribution are dismissed because of their evaluation
scores, and it turns out that teachers who get the very worst evaluation
scores remain at the tail end of the distribution regardless of whether their
classroom observation ratings are biased.
These new systems depend primarily on two types of measurements: student test
score gains on statewide assessments
in math and reading
in grades 4 - 8 that can be uniquely associated with individual teachers; and systematic
classroom observations of teachers by school leaders and central staff.
For our second report, the Educational Testing Service (ETS)
scored 7,500 lesson videos for 1,333 teachers
in six school districts using five different
classroom -
observation instruments.
(If some teachers are assigned particularly engaged or cohesive
classrooms year after year, the results could still be biased; this approach, however, does eliminate bias due to year - to - year differences
in unmeasured
classroom traits being related to
classroom observation scores.)
Teachers»
scores on the
classroom observation components of Cincinnati's evaluation system reliably predict the achievement gains made by their students
in both math and reading.
While this approach contrasts starkly with status quo «principal walk - through» styles of class
observation, its use is on the rise
in new and proposed evaluation systems
in which rigorous
classroom observation is often combined with other measures, such as teacher value - added based on student test
scores.
In addition, our analysis does not compare value added with other measures of teacher quality, like evaluations based on
classroom observation, which might be even better predictors of teachers» long - term impacts than VA
scores.
Or, put another way, if teachers were generating high test
score gains from their students by creating a climate of abject fear
in their
classrooms, their
observation scores should be low and that information is useful.
Jason Kamras, deputy to D.C. Schools Chancellor Michelle Rhee
in charge of human capital, talks with Education Next about the new teacher evaluation system put
in place
in D.C. Beginning this year, teachers
in D.C. will be evaluated based on student test
scores (when available) and
classroom observations (by principals and master educators), and poorly performing teachers may be fired, regardless of tenure.
In the MET data, this group consisted of teachers who
scored ineffective on all three measures (
classroom observation, student assessment, and student perception surveys).
Cincinnati's merit pay plan, proposed
in 2002, was overwhelmingly voted down by teachers (1892 to 73), even though the program did not base bonuses on student test
scores, but rather on a multifaceted evaluation system that included
classroom observations by professional peers and administrators and portfolios of lesson plans and student work.
For example, the publisher of the SAT10, used
in the current Policy, says that for student promotion decisions, test
scores «should be just one of the many factors considered and probably should receive less weight than factors such as teacher
observation, day - to - day
classroom performance, maturity level, and attitude.
In most cases, new teacher evaluations will consist of two parts:
observations of
classrooms, which look at how teachers teach; and outcomes on tests, including
scores for students and value - added data, which measure how students progress.
In Florida, the state paid Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, a for - profit textbook publisher, $ 4.8 million to develop
classroom observation methods and nearly $ 4 million to the American Institutes for Research, a nonprofit, to create a value - added model for grading teachers based on student test
scores, according to state officials.
The manual for the SAT - 10, which CPS used last year to retain students, states that test
scores «should be just one of the many factors considered and probably should receive less weight than factors such as teacher
observation, day - to - day
classroom performance, maturity level, and attitude» — just the kind of information
in report cards.
Optimism, test
scores on the rise at English High School November 30, 2015
In a fourth - floor classroom, students diligently scrawled notes across lined pages one recent morning as social studies teacher Frank Swoboda explained the role of politics in economic development, peppering his lesson with observations from students... read mor
In a fourth - floor
classroom, students diligently scrawled notes across lined pages one recent morning as social studies teacher Frank Swoboda explained the role of politics
in economic development, peppering his lesson with observations from students... read mor
in economic development, peppering his lesson with
observations from students... read more.
In contrast to their view of VAM scores, teachers reported to us that they found classroom observations helpful in providing actionable feedback on their teaching in real time — so they didn't have to wait until the end of the year to make adjustment
In contrast to their view of VAM
scores, teachers reported to us that they found
classroom observations helpful
in providing actionable feedback on their teaching in real time — so they didn't have to wait until the end of the year to make adjustment
in providing actionable feedback on their teaching
in real time — so they didn't have to wait until the end of the year to make adjustment
in real time — so they didn't have to wait until the end of the year to make adjustments.
Observations of Effective Teacher - Student Interactions
in Secondary School
Classrooms: Predicting Student Achievement With the Classroom Assessment
Scoring System - Secondary.
In a regression to predict student test
score gains using out of sample test
score gains for the same teacher, student survey results, and
classroom observations, there is virtually no relationship between test
score gains and either
classroom observations or student survey results.
In only 3 of the 8 models presented is there any statistically significant relationship between either
classroom observations or student surveys and test
score gains (I'm excluding the 2 instances were they report p <.1 as statistically significant).
And
in all 8 models the point estimates suggest that a standard deviation improvement
in classroom observation or student survey results is associated with less than a.1 standard deviation increase
in test
score gains.
Teachers who
score «ineffective» on either student performance or principal
observations can still be rated «developing» overall if they
score highly on the other metric, meaning some teachers that would have previously been pushed out of the system will be allowed to stay
in the
classroom at least a while longer.
Using multiple measures such as teacher evaluations,
classroom observation and student test
scores, TNTP rated about half the teachers
in their 10th year or beyond as below «effective»
in core instructional practices such as developing students» critical thinking.
They then use as an example the 0.044 (p < 0.05) coefficient (as related to more
classroom observations with explicit feedback tied to the Common Core) and explain that «a difference of one standard deviation
in the
observation and feedback index was associated with an increase of 0.044 standard deviations
in students» mathematics test
scores — roughly the equivalent of 1.4 scale
score points on the PARCC assessment and 4.1 scale
score points on the SBAC.»
Value - added
scores account for up to 50 percent of evaluations
in some states, and a smaller portion
in many others, with the remainder of teachers» ratings comprised of
classroom observations and other measures.
It further found that some teachers who were highly rated on student surveys,
in classroom observations by principals, and through other indicators of quality had students who
scored poorly on tests.
As Dropout Nation noted last week
in its report on teacher evaluations, even the most - rigorous
classroom observation approaches are far less accurate
in identifying teacher quality than either value - added analysis of test
score data or even student surveys such as the Tripod system used by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation as part of its Measures of Effective Teaching project.
In addition to the AGT scores, the process includes classroom observation by a school administrator and a professional peer - Deasy himself participated in one evaluation - along with self - assessments and goal - setting session
In addition to the AGT
scores, the process includes
classroom observation by a school administrator and a professional peer - Deasy himself participated
in one evaluation - along with self - assessments and goal - setting session
in one evaluation - along with self - assessments and goal - setting sessions.
No state bases more than 50 percent of a teacher's evaluation on student performance
scores (see the infographic on p. 4), and many incorporate multiple additional measures, such as
classroom observations, student writing and artwork, teacher lesson plans, peer review, student reflections and feedback, and participation
in professional development (Shakman et al., 2012).
In the first step, principal supervisors and principals use student test
scores, self - assessments,
classroom observations and
observations of principal practice to identify the most pressing student learning problems and contributing teaching and leading problems of practice.
The AFT and the state education department have only agreed that
classroom observations — which, even under the best of circumstances, are far less reliable
in measuring student performance than either value - added analysis of student test
score performance or even surveys of students — should be the «majority» element
in the new evaluation system.
A new teacher evaluation system
in Louisiana requires frequent
classroom observations and the use of test
score data
in teacher ratings.
The school system
in the nation's capital is unique among large school districts for the complexity of its teacher - evaluation system, which
scores the performance of teachers based on
classroom observations, student test
scores and other factors.
It's
observations like this that many teachers hope will provide a clearer picture of their
classrooms and make up for any deficiencies
in using test
scores to judge their performance.
Teachers
in NYC fear
classroom observations are not being used to help them grow professionally, but instead teachers must teach to try to
score points on Ms. Danielson's often misused framework.
Louisiana has adopted part, but not all, of her framework for use
in classroom observations, which will factor into a teacher's annual
score and which will ultimately determine whether educators can keep their jobs.
Another issue that has cropped up
in both D.C. and Memphis is how well the teacher ratings based on
classroom observations match the student test -
score data that make up the other half of a teacher's overall rating.