Sentences with phrase «in climate model experiments»

«Comparable increases are evident in climate model experiments.

Not exact matches

The model calculations, which are based on data from the CLOUD experiment, reveal that the cooling effects of clouds are 27 percent less than in climate simulations without this effect as a result of additional particles caused by human activity: Instead of a radiative effect of -0.82 W / m2 the outcome is only -0.60 W / m2.

It's for this reason that it's important to understand the differences in responses between geoengineering experiments, said Ben Kravitz, a climate modeler at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory who helps run the international Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project.

Three approaches were used to evaluate the outstanding «carbon budget» (the total amount of CO2 emissions compatible with a given global average warming) for 1.5 °C: re-assessing the evidence provided by complex Earth System Models, new experiments with an intermediate - complexity model, and evaluating the implications of current ranges of uncertainty in climate system properties using a simple model.

The ability of the inorganic component of sea spray particles to take up water has been the focus of this international study where a large suite of well - controlled laboratory experiments have shown, for the first time, that the hygroscopicity of the inorganic component of sea spray is significantly lower than pure sodium chloride, a substance routinely used to describe their hygroscopicity in climate models.

«These experiments will enable us to further test and refine the underlying processes in the CORPSE model and should lead to improved predictions of the role of plant - soil interactions in global climate change,» Sulman said.

Models and experiments only go so far in assessing the effects of climate change.

«When we analyzed IPCC climate model experiments driven with the time - evolution of observed sea surface temperatures, we found much larger rates of tropical widening, in better agreement to the observed rate — particularly in the Northern Hemisphere,» Allen said.

They also studied how these recent changes compared to those in experiments with climate models.

The group hopes other scientists will conduct similar experiments using different models to help hone in on a more reliable measure of climate sensitivity.

A main point in conducting the experiments was to show that climate models contain a bias that could be corrected.

To check their model forecast, as the dry season has gotten underway, the researchers have compared their initial forecast with observations coming in from NASA's precipitation satellite missions» multisatellite datasets, as well as groundwater data from the joint NASA / German Aerospace Center Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) mission.

An international group of atmospheric chemists and physicist could now have solved another piece in the climate puzzle by means of laboratory experiments and global model simulations.

The research made use of the weather@home citizen - science project, part of Oxford's climateprediction.net climate modelling experiment, to model possible weather for January 2014 in both the current climate and one in which there was no human influence on the atmosphere.

In addition, the E3SM project benefits from - DOE programmatic collaborations including the Exascale Computing Project (ECP) and programs in Scientific Discovery Through Advanced Computing (SciDAC), Climate Model Development and Validation (CMDV), Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM), Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison (PCMDI), International Land Model Benchmarking Project (iLAMB), Community Earth System Model Community Earth System Model (CESM) and Next Generation Ecosystem Experiments (NGEE) for the Arctic and the TropicIn addition, the E3SM project benefits from - DOE programmatic collaborations including the Exascale Computing Project (ECP) and programs in Scientific Discovery Through Advanced Computing (SciDAC), Climate Model Development and Validation (CMDV), Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM), Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison (PCMDI), International Land Model Benchmarking Project (iLAMB), Community Earth System Model Community Earth System Model (CESM) and Next Generation Ecosystem Experiments (NGEE) for the Arctic and the Tropicin Scientific Discovery Through Advanced Computing (SciDAC), Climate Model Development and Validation (CMDV), Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM), Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison (PCMDI), International Land Model Benchmarking Project (iLAMB), Community Earth System Model Community Earth System Model (CESM) and Next Generation Ecosystem Experiments (NGEE) for the Arctic and the Tropics.

To understand the role of human - induced climate change in these new records they compare simulations of the Earth's climate from nine different state - of - the - art climate models and the very large ensemble of climate simulations provided by CPDN volunteers for the weather@home ANZ experiments for the world with and without human - induced climate change.

Standard experiments, agreed upon by the climate modelling community to facilitate model intercomparison (see Section 8.1.2.2), have produced archives of model output that make it easier to track historical changes in model performance.

Using thus 10 different climate models and over 10,000 simulations for the weather@home experiments alone, they find that breaking the previous record for maximum mean October temperatures in Australia is at least six times more likely due to global warming.

The climate projections show on this map are based on Representative Concentration Pathway 2.6, 4.5, and 8.5 (van Vuuren et al., 2012) experiments run by global climate models participating in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) exercise (Taylor et al., 2012).

The weather@home regional climate modelling system for Australia and New Zealand has been used for a number of different experiments in 2016.

They conclude, based on study of CMIP5 model output, that equilibrium climate sensitivity (ECS) is not a fixed quantity — as temperatures increase, the response is nonlinear, with a smaller effective ECS in the first decades of the experiments, increasing over time.

The odds may have shifted to make some of them more likely than in an unchanging climate, but attribution of the change in odds typically requires extensive model experiments, a topic taken up in Chapter 9.

Then there are the tests of climate changes themselves: how does a model respond to the addition of aerosols in the stratosphere such as was seen in the Mt Pinatubo «natural experiment»?

We have also done experiments with PIOMAS in a climate projection mode by scaling atmospheric forcing data from a reanalysis to 2xC02 projections from the CMIP3 models (Zhang et al. 2010).

We examined 54 climate models and experiments that participated in the International Panel on Climate Change's Fifth Assessment climate models and experiments that participated in the International Panel on Climate Change's Fifth Assessment Climate Change's Fifth Assessment Report.

They show this with an elegant experiment, in which they «force» their global climate model to follow the observed history of sea surface temperatures in the eastern tropical Pacific.

Claudio Piani is currently working on a paper which attempts to provide a measure of model skill compared to recent climate (this work is in parallel to the sorts of things David Sexton has been doing at the Hadley Centre for the QUMP experiment, and similar to some of the work that has been undertaken as part of CMIP - 2).

Well, it is a very ambitions and painstaking project which has managed to bring together all the aforementioned modeling groups which run specified model experiments with very similar forcings and then performed coordinated diagnostic analyses to evaluate these model simulations and determine the uncertainty in the future climate projections in their models.

Certainly, the field that is lumped in under the 2 billion is much broader than the climate model development community and its policy - driven experiments, which I would guess amounts to less than 5 % of the total.

Here we analyze a series of climate model experiments along with observational data to show that the recent warming trend in Atlantic sea surface temperature and the corresponding trans - basin displacements of the main atmospheric pressure centers were key drivers of the observed Walker circulation intensification, eastern Pacific cooling, North American rainfall trends and western Pacific sea - level rise.

As a youth I participated in many of my father's experiments, observing first - hand the benefits of atmospheric CO2 on plant life and the manifold problems with the model - based theory of climate change, all of which events occurred long, long before James Hansen stood in front of the U.S. Senate and brought the CO2 debate to the eyes of the public in 1988.

The issue with the Mauritsen and Stevens piece is that it tries to go well beyond a «what if» modeling experiment, and attempts to make contact with a lot of other issues related to historical climate change (the hiatus, changes in the hydrologic cycle, observed tropical lapse rate «hotspot» stuff, changes in the atmsopheric circulation, etc) by means of what the «iris» should look like in other climate signals.

In hypothetical experiments (modelling), we can pick anything we want to be an externally - imposed condition, alter it and hold it fixed at will and consider how the climate responds.

Of course, in analyzing potential systematics in tornado classification, it is essential that the group not be guided by theoretical models, in this case, the «latest climate model experiments» that Markowski and team cite.

Kosaka and Xie made global climate simulations in which they inserted specified observed Pacific Ocean temperatures; they found that the model simulated well the observed global warming slowdown or «hiatus,» although this experiment does not identify the cause of Pacific Ocean temperature trends.

Standard experiments, agreed upon by the climate modelling community to facilitate model intercomparison (see Section 8.1.2.2), have produced archives of model output that make it easier to track historical changes in model performance.

Newspaper reports of climate modelling experiments normally focus on predicted changes in global temperature.

Observing System Simulation Experiments use the Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM) and GFDL's GM2.6 climate model to interpret data and develop analysis and observing techniques in the Earth's ocModel (HYCOM) and GFDL's GM2.6 climate model to interpret data and develop analysis and observing techniques in the Earth's ocmodel to interpret data and develop analysis and observing techniques in the Earth's oceans.

In a recent coordinated multi-model study between NOAA GFDL and NCAR, published in Journal of Climate, researchers performed idealized experiments using state - of - the - art global coupled models, in which the North Atlantic SSTs are restored to time - invariant anomalies corresponding to the observed AMIn a recent coordinated multi-model study between NOAA GFDL and NCAR, published in Journal of Climate, researchers performed idealized experiments using state - of - the - art global coupled models, in which the North Atlantic SSTs are restored to time - invariant anomalies corresponding to the observed AMin Journal of Climate, researchers performed idealized experiments using state - of - the - art global coupled models, in which the North Atlantic SSTs are restored to time - invariant anomalies corresponding to the observed AMin which the North Atlantic SSTs are restored to time - invariant anomalies corresponding to the observed AMV.

For example, Idso's 8 «natural experiments» each indicates that climate sensitivity is an order of magnitude lower than the bottom of the range used in the models (see.

Cohen received his Ph.D. in Atmospheric Sciences from Columbia University in 1994 and has since focused on conducting numerical experiments with global climate models and advanced statistical techniques to better understand climate variability and to improve climate prediction.

The US CLIVAR Hurricane Working Group was formed in January of 2011 to coordinate efforts to produce a set of model experiments designed to improve understanding of the variability of tropical cyclone formation in climate models.

We have three excellent participants joining this discussion: Bart van den Hurk of KNMI in The Netherlands who is actively involved in the KNMI scenario's, Jason Evans from the University of Newcastle, Australia, who is coordinator of Coordinated Regional Climate Downscaling Experiment (CORDEX) and Roger Pielke Sr. who through his research articles and his weblog Climate Science is well known for his outspoken views on climate modClimate Downscaling Experiment (CORDEX) and Roger Pielke Sr. who through his research articles and his weblog Climate Science is well known for his outspoken views on climate modClimate Science is well known for his outspoken views on climate modclimate modelling.

Every measurement of key climatic variables has indicated that the «everything else being equal» lab experiments reflected in the models is not realized in the dynamic and chaotic climate.

The climate fingerprints in response to different forcing factors are typically estimated with computer models, which can be used to perform the controlled experiments that we can not conduct in the real world.

As an outsider, one is struck by how difficult it is to perform a formal experiment in climate science, yet the question of feedback demands experiments, as opposed to models, to identify critical system behaviours.

In a broader sense, when models are used to test hypotheses about the climate variables used in their simulations, they conform to the concept of an experiment as a means of performing tests to gain knowledge about the world around uIn a broader sense, when models are used to test hypotheses about the climate variables used in their simulations, they conform to the concept of an experiment as a means of performing tests to gain knowledge about the world around uin their simulations, they conform to the concept of an experiment as a means of performing tests to gain knowledge about the world around us.

But calling this test an experiment is just pure confusion that is very common in Climate Modelers» community, where scientists tend to believe their nice climate models represent «real world's» cClimate Modelers» community, where scientists tend to believe their nice climate models represent «real world's» cclimate models represent «real world's» climateclimate.

It seems to me that some earlier comments in this thread reflect confusion about climate models — for example, are model runs «experiments»?

So it is correct that CO2 did not trigger the warmings, but it definitely contributed to them — and according to climate theory and model experiments, greenhouse gas forcing was the dominant factor in the magnitude of the ultimate change.